Search results for "ventilator"
showing 10 items of 84 documents
Ventilating the newborn and child
2010
Summary The mechanical ventilation of neonates and children in operating theatres has always posed a challenge for anaesthesiologists. Firstly, the extreme physiological features of neonatal lungs make them very difficult to ventilate with an anaesthesia ventilator. Gattinoni's "baby lung" concept to describe ARDS lungs in adults comes from the physiological features of neonatal lungs (low dynamic compliance, low pulmonary time constant, low FRC, high closing volume, proneness to atelectasis, high inspiratory airway resistance). Secondly, the performance and technology (peak flow, insufflation power, trigger sensitivity, ventilation modes, etc.) of anaesthesia ventilators is still less adva…
Ventilación mecánica no invasiva en pre e intraoperatorio y vía aérea difícil
2015
Non-invasive mechanical ventilation is a method of ventilatory assistance aimed at increasing alveolar ventilation, thus achieving, in selected subjects, the avoidance of endotracheal intubation and invasive mechanical ventilation, with the consequent improvement in survival. There has been a systematic review and study of the technical, clinical experiences, and recommendations concerning the application of non-invasive mechanical ventilation in the pre- and intraoperative period. The use of prophylactic non-invasive mechanical ventilation before surgery that involves significant alterations in the ventilatory function may decrease the incidence of postoperative respiratory complications. …
Trabajo ventilatorio impuesto y patron ventilatorio durante la ventilación con presión de soporte, ventilación con compensación automática del tubo e…
2002
Uno de los principales objetivos en el diseño de los nuevosmodos ventilatorios usados en unidades de reanimación y cuidados críticos es elconseguir abolir o minimizar el trabajo respiratorio adicional o impuesto (WOBad) porel propio sistema de ventilación. La ventilación con presión de soporte (PSV) consiguela compensación del WOBad mediante la aplicación de una presión inspiratoriapreseleccionada, con los inconvenientes que ello puede acarrear de sobrecompensacióno infracompensación en función del flujo espontáneo del enfermo en cada momento. Laventilación con compensación automática del tubo endotraqueal (ATC), nace con elúnico objetivo de compensar el WOBad. Para ello aplica un soporte d…
Healthcare-Associated Pneumonia and Multidrug Resistant Bacteria: Do We Have a Convincing Answer?
2014
Ventilator-associated Pneumonia and MRSA ST398, Italy
2010
To the Editor: Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) sequence type (ST)398 has become increasingly common in livestock, particularly pigs, in some countries in Europe, such as Spain and Germany (1). In Italy, prevalences as high as 14% and 21.6% in pig-breeding facilities and meat-processing sites, respectively, have been recently reported (1). Possible association of MRSA in animals with infection in humans has been investigated. One study showed a strong relationship between contact with pigs or calves and carriage by persons having direct contact with animals and families of persons who handle animals (2). Moreover, an MRSA prevalence >11.9% has been described by de Boer et …
Antimicrobial de-escalation in the critically ill patient and assessment of clinical cure : the DIANA study
2020
© 2020 The Author(s).
Spatial and temporal heterogeneity of ventilator-associated lung injury after surfactant depletion.
2008
Volutrauma and atelectrauma have been proposed as mechanisms of ventilator-associated lung injury, but few studies have compared their relative importance in mediating lung injury. The objective of our study was to compare the injury produced by stretch (volutrauma) vs. cyclical recruitment (atelectrauma) after surfactant depletion. In saline-lavaged rabbits, we used high tidal volume, low respiratory rate, and low positive end-expiratory pressure to produce stretch injury in nondependent lung regions and cyclical recruitment in dependent lung regions. Tidal changes in shunt fraction were assessed by measuring arterial Po2 oscillations. After ventilating for times ranging from 0 to 6 h, lu…
Hipoksiskā ventilatorā reakcija pieaugošas intensitātes fiziskas slodzes laikā normobāriskas hipoksijas apstākļos
2020
Darbā tika pētīts, kā akūta fiziska slodze hipoksiskos apstākļos ietekmē plaušu ventilāciju un tās raksturojošo lielumu – elpošanas frekvences un elpošanas tilpuma parametrus un gāzu maiņas efektivitāti. Pētījumā tika iekļauti 10 vīriešu slodzes testa rezultāti. Katrs dalībnieks divas reizes veica pieaugošas submaksimālas veloergometriskas slodzes testu – vienu normoksiskos (21% FiO2), bet otru – hipoksiskos (15% FiO2) apstākļos. Tika secināts, ka akūtas hipoksijas apstākļos vērojama arteriālā hipoksēmija, kas padziļinās proporcionāli fiziskās slodzes intensitātei. Slodzes laikā hipoksijā plaušu ventilācija pieauga, palielinoties elpošanas tilpumam, taču ne elpošanas frekvencei. Būtiski paa…
Assessment of ventilatory thresholds from heart rate variability in five incremental treadmill tests in cross country skiers
2014
Incremental treadmill tests are widely used in the field of exercise physiology for the assessment of Ventilatory Thresholds for clinical and sport oriented issues. The assessment of Ventilatory Thresholds (VTs) from Heart Rate Variability (HRV) is a relatively new approach with increasing popularity because it is a non-invasive and economical method. Nevertheless, this has not been used in Cross Country (XC) Skiing, an endurance sport where the knowledge of VTs holds special importance. The purpose of the study was to assess VTs using the data derived from HRV analysis in the five main XC skiing-related techniques, Double Poling (DP), Diagonal Striding (DS), Nordic Walking (NW), V1 Skating…
Survey of neonatal respiratory care and surfactant administration in very preterm infants in the Italian neonatal network
2013
INTRODUCTION: Variation of respiratory care is described between centers around the world. The Italian Neonatal Network (INN), as a national group of the Vermont-Oxford Network (VON) allows to perform a wide analysis of respiratory care in very low birth weight infants. METHODS: We analyzed the dataset of infants enrolled in the INN in 2009 and 2010 and, for surfactant administration only, from 2006 to 2010 from 83 participating centers. All definitions are those of the (VON). A questionnaire analysis was also performed with a questionnaire on centers practices. RESULTS: We report data for 8297 infants. Data on ventilator practices and outcomes are outlined. Variation for both practices and…