0000000000064519
AUTHOR
Ausiàs Cebolla
Efficacy and acceptability of a web platform to teach nutrition education to children.
Introduction: Nutrition Education (NE) has been identified as a key factor to prevent children obesity. Teachers and dietitians are the professionals in charge of transmitting this knowledge to children; however, it has been identified that they do not possess either proper training, or the proper tools to perform this activity. Objectives: to evaluate the acceptability and usability of a NE Internet platform and its two "Serious Games" (SGs) among a sample of elementary school teachers, dietitians, and education students. In addition, to evaluate the efficacy of this platform to teach NE in a sample of children aged 9 to 12 years. Methods: a total of 66 NE professionals and 135 children pa…
Meditation and happiness: Mindfulness and self-compassion may mediate the meditation–happiness relationship
Mindfulness and self-compassion are emerging as crucial constructs in mental health research. Recent studies have shown that both mindfulness and self-compassion skills may play important roles in well-being and positive emotions associated with mindfulness training. Studies are needed to explain this relationship and to determine what facets may be correlating and mediating the meditation-happiness relationship. The aim of this study was to explore the meditation-happiness relationship and examine which mindfulness and self compassion facets are better predictors of happiness. A total of 365 participants completed an assessment protocol composed of: the Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionn…
Exploring the mediator role of self-critical rumination between emotion regulation and psychopathology: A validation study of the Self-Critical Rumination Scale (SCRS) in a Spanish-speaking sample
Abstract Self-critical rumination is a negative and repetitive self-thinking process related to different disorders and negative psychological outcomes such as emotion dysregulation. The objectives of this study are twofold: (a) to examine the factor structure of the Spanish version of the Self-Critical Rumination Scale (SCRS), providing further evidence on its construct validity, and (b), to explore the mediator role of self-critical rumination between emotion dysregulation and psychopathology. A sample of 431 Spanish participants were recruited and completed online questionnaires. Confirmatory factor analysis, mediation analysis, and Pearson's correlations were conducted. A single factor …
Prevalencia del trastorno por atracón en una muestra clínica de obesos
Resumen: Introducción: El trastorno por atracón se caracteriza por presencia de episodios de sobreingesta recurrentes en un periodo corto, acompañados de pérdida de control. Este trastorno es el más frecuente de entre todos los trastornos de la conducta alimentaria en población obesa, tanto en adultos como en niños. Objetivo: El objetivo de este estudio fue obtener datos prevalencia del trastorno por atracón en una muestra de niños y adolescentes obesos, usuarios de una unidad de pediatría especializada en el tratamiento de la obesidad infantil. Material y métodos: Se contó con una muestra 70 niños y adolescentes con edades comprendidas entre los 9 y los 16 años, con una edad media de 12 añ…
Meditation practice is associated with a values-oriented life: the mediating role of decentering and mindfulness
Clarification of personal values and meditation practice has been associated in most meditation traditions and in academic texts. Both values-related behavior and meditation practice increases well-being, but their relationship has not been well studied. It has been suggested that values, together with self-regulation, psychological flexibility, and exposure, are key mechanisms of action in mindfulness. The aims of this study were to explore the association between meditation and values and to examine the processes involved in this relation. A sample of 235 meditation-na < ve participants and 274 subjects with varying levels of experience in meditation practice completed an online assessmen…
Mindfulness Training for Children with ADHD and Their Parents: A Randomized Control Trial
Objective: The aim of this randomized control trial is to analyze the efficacy of a Mindfulness-based program (MYmind) in improving ADHD symptoms, associated problems, executive functions, and family functioning. Method: The sample was composed of 30 children (9–14 years old) with an ADHD diagnosis and their parents. Participants were randomized into two groups, the MYmind group ( n = 15) and a wait-list group ( n = 15). Participants were assessed in three time periods: pre-, post-intervention, and at 6-month follow-up. Results: After the program, parents reported a decrease in parenting stress and improvements in parenting styles. Six months after the intervention, parents reported signifi…
Using Virtual Reality to Distract Overweight Children from Bodily Sensations During Exercise
This study analyzes the potential of virtual reality (VR) to enhance attentional distraction in overweight children as they experience bodily sensations during exercise. It has been suggested that one reason why obese children stop exercising is the perception of bodily sensations. In a counterbalanced design, a total of 109 children (33 overweight, 10-15 years old) were asked to walk twice for 6 minutes on a treadmill under one of two conditions: (a) traditional condition (TC)-focusing their attention on their physical feelings and sensations or (b) distraction condition (DC)-focusing their attention on a virtual environment. Attentional focus during exercise, bad-good feeling states (pre-…
Psychometric properties of the Spanish validation of the Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ)
Background and Objectives: Mindfulness-based therapies have demonstrat- ed effectiveness in many clinical contexts. Various therapies that train mindfulness skills have proliferated in recent years. There is increasing interest in mindfulness-based thera- pies and in incorporating instruments that measure mindfulness in order to understand its role in clinical and basic research. The Five Facets of Mindfulness Questionnaire (FFMQ) is a questionnaire for measuring mindfulness; it was derived from a factor analysis of five different questionnaires that measure a trait-like general tendency to be mindful in daily life. The objective of this study is to validate the FFMQ in a Spanish sample. Me…
Effect of an upright (vs. stooped) posture on interpretation bias, imagery, and emotions
[EN] Background and objectives: Adopting an upright (vs. stooped) posture has been related to positive effects on emotional and cognitive processes. However, there is no evidence concerning the effect of posture on two key processes associated with the maintenance of depression: interpretation bias and vividness of mental imagery. The objectives were to investigate the effect of adopting an upright (vs. stooped) posture on interpretation bias and vividness of positive and negative mental imagery, and to explore the interplay between these processes and depression-related emotions. Methods: The sample consisted of 54 participants (M-age = 22.00, 64.8% women), who were randomly assigned to th…
Enseñar Mindfulness: Contextos de Instrucción y Pedagogía
La aparición de mindfulness y su rápida diseminación en entornos clínicos obedece a diversas razones, siendo una de las más relevantes la relacionada con la pedagogía. La literatura científica ha propuesto un modelo de enseñanza de mindfulness basado en los mecanismos de eficacia, la configuración de nuevas demandas, y la aparición de diferentes contextos. El objetivo de este artículo es revisar por un lado los diferentes contextos de enseñanza de mindfulness (psicoeducativos, clínicos y espirituales), analizando las semejanzas y diferencias. A continuación se revisarán los mecanismos de eficacia (regulación de la atención, conciencia corporal, regulación emocional y cambios en la perspect…
Emotional eating as a mediator between anxiety and cholesterol in population with overweight and hypertension
Although the relationship between cholesterol and mood states (especially anxiety) has been well studied, few researches have included the role of eating styles in this relationship. This study explored the associations among eating styles, negative emotional symptoms, and levels of cholesterol (and other medical variables) in a population with hypertension and overweight or obesity, analyzing the possible mediation mechanisms involved. A cross-sectional study was conducted in 68 adults with hypertension and overweight/obesity, and stepwise multiple regression analysis and mediation analyses were carried out to test the hypothesis that eating styles mediate the relationship between negative…
Direct Experience While Eating in a Sample With Eating Disorders and Obesity
Background: Individuals with eating disorders might be characterized by lower levels of direct engagement with the eating experience. This study aims to explore similarities and differences in direct experience while eating in four different weight conditions and healthy controls (HCs): anorexia nervosa (AN), bulimia nervosa (BN), eating disorders not otherwise specified (EDNOS), and obesity (OB). Methods: A total sample of 143 women were recruited. Participants were asked to eat an orange slice and write down 10 things about the experience of eating, classifying the focus of these thoughts as either experiential (“direct experience”) or analytical (“thinking about”). A direct experience in…
Putting Oneself in the Body of Others: A Pilot Study on the Efficacy of an Embodied Virtual Reality System to Generate Self-Compassion
[EN] Compassion-based interventions (CBIs) have been shown to be effective for increasing empathy and compassion, and reducing stress, anxiety, and depression. CBIs are based on constructive meditations where imagery abilities are essential. One of the major difficulties that participants report during the training is the difficulty related to imagery abilities. Virtual reality (VR) can be a useful tool to overcome this limitation because it can facilitate the construction and sustainment of mental images. The machine to be another (TMTBA) uses multi-sensory stimulation to induce a body swap illusion. This system allows participants to see themselves from a third perspective and have the il…
Emotional eating and food intake after sadness and joy
Do people with a high score on a scale for eating in response to negative emotions also show high food intake in response to positive emotions?. We studied these effects in 60 female students that were preselected on the basis of extreme high or low scores on an emotional eating questionnaire. Using a between subject design we experimentally tested the difference in food intake following a mood induction designed to induce joy or sadness (the joy vs. sad mood condition). The high and low emotional eaters did not differ in their food intake, but emotional eating significantly moderated the relationship between mood condition and food intake. Whereas low emotional eaters ate similar amounts a…
Internal Structure and Measurement Invariance of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) in a (Nearly) Representative Dutch Community Sample
The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire is a widely used instrument for assessment of emotional, external and restrained eating. The aim of the present study is to (i) analyse its internal structure using exploratory structural equation modelling; (ii) to assess its measurement invariance with respect to sex, BMI, age and level of education; and (iii) to evaluate the relations of the factors with these variables. Except that women were slightly over-represented, the sample (n = 2173) closely followed the sociodemographic characteristics of the overall Dutch population. The three theoretical factors that emerged from the analysis were in close correspondence with the three scales for emotion…
Individual Differences in Dispositional Mindfulness Predict Attentional Networks and Vigilance Performance
Acknowledgements The authors wish to thank Tao Coll-Martín, Fernando G. Luna, and Miguel A. Vadillo for the kind and helpful input provided during the development of this research project.
Validation of the Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) in a sample of Spanish women
Contains fulltext : 124145.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) The Dutch Eating Behavior Questionnaire (DEBQ) was developed to measure eating styles that may contribute to or attenuate the development of overweight. It comprises three scales that measure emotional, external and restrained eating. The main goal of this study is to evaluate the internal structure of the Spanish version of the DEBQ using updated psychometric techniques in a sample of women. A sample of 647 Spanish females answered the questionnaire. Both exploratory structural equation modeling and confirmatory factor analysis were used to evaluate the factor structure of the DEBQ. Reliabilities were estimated with Cron…
Psychometric Properties of the Spanish Version of the Nonattachment Scale (NAS) and Its Relationship with Mindfulness, Decentering, and Mental Health
Abstract Nonattachment is a Buddhism-rooted construct, which can be defined as the relative absence of fixation on ideas, images, or sensory objects, as well as an absence of internal pressure to get, hold, avoid, or change circumstances or experiences. The present study was aimed at exploring the psychometric properties of the Spanish version of the Nonattachment Scale (NAS) and at delimitating the relationship between the NAS and measures of mindfulness, decentering, and negative emotional symptoms. Pooling the NAS data from Spanish meditators (n = 335) and nonmeditators (n = 270), we performed an exploratory factor analysis and then estimated the fit of two competing models (one-factor m…
Eating-related Environmental Factors in Underweight Eating Disorders and Obesity: Are There Common Vulnerabilities During Childhood and Early Adolescence?
Objective This study aimed to examine whether there is an association between individual, social and family influences and dysfunctional eating patterns early in life and the likelihood of developing a subsequent underweight eating disorder (ED) or obesity. Method The total sample comprised 152 individuals (underweight ED, n = 45; obese patients, n = 65; healthy controls; n = 42) from Barcelona, Spain. The Cross-Cultural Questionnaire (CCQ) was used to assess early eating influences as well as individual and family eating patterns and attitudes towards food. Results Even though a few shared eating influences emerged for both groups, unique factors were also observed. Whereas relationship wi…
An E-Health System for Treatment of Childhood Obesity
Obesity is one of the greatest public health challenges of the 21st century and the most prevalent health problem among children in Europe. Treatment is complex due to the multiple causes of obesity that include many dimensions of children’s lives, such as nutritional habits, physical activity, and lifestyle. E-health technologies can be useful in this area; they may improve health care delivery and acceptability, facilitate the provision of interventions to wider populations, and improve treatment efficacy by taking advantage of new technologies such as the Internet and mobile technologies. The objective of this chapter is to describe an e-health platform called ETIOBE. It comprises three …
Propiedades psicométricas de la versión española de la Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale
Resumen Introduccion La Philadelphia Mindfulness Scale (PHLMS) es un cuestionario breve que evalua 2 componentes clave de la atencion plena: la conciencia en el momento presente y la aceptacion. El presente estudio evalua las propiedades psicometricas de la version espanola de la PHLMS tanto en una muestra control de estudiantes universitarios como en poblacion con patologia psiquiatrica. Material y metodos Se administro la version espanola de la PHLMS a 395 voluntarios (256 con patologia psiquiatrica y 139 estudiantes). Resultados El analisis factorial exploratorio de la version espanola de la PHLMS apoya la solucion bifactorial de la version original con una varianza explicada del 44,02%.…
Body schema plasticity after stroke: subjective and neurophysiological correlates of the rubber hand illusion
[EN] Stroke can lead to motor impairments that can affect the body structure and restraint mobility. We hypothesize that brain lesions and their motor sequelae can distort the body schema, a sensorimotor map of body parts and elements in the peripersonal space through which human beings embody the reachable space and ready the body for forthcoming movements. Two main constructs have been identified in the embodiment mechanism: body-ownership, the sense that the body that one inhabits is his/her own, and agency, the sense that one can move and control his/her body. To test this, the present study simultaneously investigated different embodiment subcomponents (body-ownership, localization, an…
An internet-based self-administered intervention for promoting healthy habits and weight loss in hypertensive people who are overweight or obese: a randomized controlled trial
Background The prevalence of overweight and obesity is on the rise worldwide with severe physical and psychosocial consequences. One of the most dangerous is hypertension. Lifestyle changes related to eating behaviour and physical activity are the critical components in the prevention and treatment of hypertension and obesity. Data indicates that the usual procedures to promote these healthy habits in health services are either insufficient or not efficient enough. Internet has been shown to be an effective tool for the implementation of lifestyle interventions based on this type of problem. This study aims to assess the efficacy of a totally self-administered online intervention programme …
Economic Impact of 'Third-Wave' Cognitive Behavioral Therapies:A Systematic Review and Quality Assessment of Economic Evaluations in Randomized Controlled Trials
The term third-wave cognitive behavioral therapy (CBT) encompasses new forms of CBT that both extend and innovate within CBT. Most third-wave therapies have been subject to randomized controlled trials (RCTs) focused on clinical effectiveness; however, the number and quality of economic evaluations in these RCTs has been unknown and may be few. Evidence about efficiency of these therapies may help support decisions on efficient allocation of resources in health policies. The main aim of this study was to systematically review the economic impact of third-wave therapies in the treatment of patients with physical or mental conditions. We conducted a systematic literature search in PubMed, Psy…
Is comfort food actually comforting for emotional eaters? A (moderated) mediation analysis
Item does not contain fulltext An important but unreplicated earlier finding on comfort eating was that the association between food intake and immediate mood improvement appeared to be mediated by the palatability of the food, and that this effect was more pronounced for high than for low emotional eaters [26]. This has not yet been formally tested using mediation and moderated mediation analysis. We conducted these analyses using data from two experiments on non-obese female students (n = 29 and n = 74). Mood and eating satisfaction in Study 1, and mood, tastiness and emotional eating in Study 2 were all self-reported. In Study 1, using a sad mood induction procedure, emotional eaters ate…
Cognitively-Based Compassion Training (CBCT (R)) in Breast Cancer Survivors: A Randomized Clinical Trial Study
Breast cancer (BC) requires a significant psychological adaptation once treatment is finished. There is growing evidence of how compassion training enhances psychological and physical well-being, however, there are very few studies analyzing the efficacy of compassion-based Interventions on BC survivors. Objective. To study the efficacy of the CognitivelyBased Compassion Training (CBCT) protocol in a BC survivor sample on quality of life, psychological well-being, fear of cancer recurrence, self-compassion, and compassion domains and mindfulness facets. Furthermore, enrollment, adherence, and satisfaction with the intervention were also analyzed. Methods. A randomized clinical trial was des…
El papel del mindfulness y el descentramiento en la sintomatología depresiva y ansiosa
ResumenLos síntomas depresivos y ansiosos tienen un claro impacto en el funcionamiento de las personas. Su aparición parece tener relación con la presencia de déficits en las capacidades metacognitivas. El entrenamiento en atención plena aumenta el insight metacognitivo a través de la capacidad de descentramiento. Por ello el objetivo de este estudio ha sido evaluar la relación entre la atención plena y el descentramiento con la sintomatología ansiosa y depresiva respectivamente. La muestra de este estudio está compuesta por 465 participantes y el contacto con ella se estableció a través de universidades y redes sociales. Los resultados revelaron que tanto la atención plena como la capacida…
Improving childhood obesity treatment using new technologies: the ETIOBE System
Childhood obesity is an increasing public health problem in western culture. Sedentary lifestyles and an “obesogenic environment” are the main influences on children leading to an increase in obesity. The objective of this paper is to describe an e-health platform for the treatment and prevention of childhood obesity called ETIOBE. This e-health platform is an e-therapy system for the treatment of obesity, aimed at improving treatment adherence and promoting the mechanisms of self-control in patients, to obtain weight loss maintenance and to prevent relapse by establishing healthy lifestyle habits. ETIOBE is composed of three different applications, the Clinician Support System (CSS), the H…
Brief mindfulness session improves mood and increases salivary oxytocin in psychology students
Mindfulness-based interventions (MBI) have been shown to be effective in increasing empathy in health professionals. Yet, more research is needed to analyse the specific influence of mindfulness exercises on biological variables involved in empathy, such as the biological system of oxytocin activity. In this study, we analyse the effects of a brief mindfulness session on positive and negative affect, state anxiety and salivary oxytocin (sOXT) in psychology students (N = 68). In the experimental group (n = 42), a mindfulness session was performed that included different guided meditation exercises. In the control group (n = 26), an emotion recognition exercise was carried out, along with a s…
Intuitive eating: A novel eating style? Evidence from a Spanish sample
Contains fulltext : 217000.pdf (Publisher’s version ) (Closed access) Intuitive eating is defined as an adaptive way of eating that maintains a strong connection with the internal physiological signs of hunger and satiety. It has four elements: unconditional permission to eat whenever and whatever food is desired, eating for physical rather than for emotional reasons, reliance on hunger and satiety cues to determine when and how much to eat, and body-food choice congruence. In this study, we assessed the differences and similarities between intuitive eating, as measured with the Intuitive Eating Scale-2, and eating styles (restrained, emotional, and external eating), as assessed with the Du…
Changes in the Semantic Construction of Compassion after the Cognitively-Based Compassion Training (CBCT®) in Women Breast Cancer Survivors
The growing body of research on compassion has demonstrated its benefits for healthcare and wellbeing. However, there is no clear agreement about a definition for compassion, given the novelty of the research on this construct and its religious roots. The aim of this study is to analyze the mental semantic construction of compassion in Spanish-speaking women breast cancer survivors, and the effects of the Cognitively-Based Compassion Training (CBCT®) on the modification of this definition, compared to treatment-as-usual (TAU), at baseline, post-intervention, and six-month follow-up. Participants were 56 women breast cancer survivors from a randomized clinical trial. The Osgood''s Semantic D…
Decentering, Acceptance, and Non-Attachment : Challenging the Question "Is It Me?"
Among mindfulness measures the three constructs acceptance, decentering, and non-attachment are psychometrically closely related, despite their apparent semantic differences. These three facets present robust psychometric features and can be considered core themes in most “third wave” clinical models. The aim of the present study was to explore the apparently different content domains (acceptance, decentering, and non-attachment) by administering various psychometric scales in a large sample of 608 volunteers. Resilience and depression were also assessed. Exploratory and confirmatory factor analyses performed in two randomly selected subsamples showed a bifactor approximation. The explained…
Mindfulness, rumination, and coping skills in young women with Eating Disorders: A comparative study with healthy controls
Eating Disorders (ED) have been associated with dysfunctional coping strategies, such as rumination. Promoting alternative ways of experiencing mental events, based on a mindfulness approach, might be the clue for learning more effective coping and regulatory strategies among young women with ED. This study examined the comparison between patients with ED diagnosis and healthy subjects in mindfulness, rumination and effective coping. In addition, we analyzed the independent association of those with the presence of ED. The study sample was formed by two groups of young women ranged 13-21 years: Twenty-five with an ED diagnosis and 25 healthy subjects. They were assessed by using the Freibur…
Subjective, behavioral, and physiological responses to the rubber hand illusion do not vary with age in the adult phase.
[EN] The Rubber Hand Illusion (RHI) is a perceptual illusion that enables integration of artificial limbs into the body representation through combined multisensory integration. Most previous studies investigating the RHI have involved young healthy adults within a very narrow age range (typically 20-30 years old). The purpose of this paper was to determine the influence of age on the RHI. The RHI was performed on 93 healthy adults classified into three groups of age (20-35 years old, N = 41; 36-60 years old, N = 28; and 61-80 years old, N = 24), and its effects were measured with subjective (Embodiment of Rubber Hand Questionnaire), behavioral (proprioceptive drift), and physiological (cha…
Fostering Self-Compassion and Loving-Kindness in Patients With Borderline Personality Disorder: A Randomized Pilot Study
The aim of this randomized pilot study is to investigate the effects of a short training programme in loving-kindness and compassion meditation (LKM/CM) in patients with borderline personality disorder. Patients were allocated to LKM/CM or mindfulness continuation training (control group). Patients in the LKM/CM group showed greater changes in Acceptance compared with the control group. Remarkable changes in borderline symptomatology, self-criticism and self-kindness were also observed in the LKM/CM group. Mechanistic explanations and therapeutic implications of the findings are discussed. Highlights: Three weeks of loving-kindness and compassion meditations increased acceptance of the pres…
Feasibility of the Internet Attachment-Based Compassion Therapy in the General Population: Protocol for an Open-Label Uncontrolled Pilot Trial
Background Compassion-based interventions delivered over the internet are showing promising results for the promotion of psychological health and well-being. Several studies have highlighted their feasibility, acceptance, and preliminary efficacy. However, this is an incipient field of research, and to the best of our knowledge, there are no data available from Spanish-speaking countries. Objective The aim of this study is to investigate the feasibility, acceptance, and preliminary efficacy of the Internet Attachment–Based Compassion Therapy (iABCT), a web-based version of the Attachment-Based Compassion Therapy, in Spanish speakers from the general population. Methods This feasibility stu…
Adolescent Motivation Toward Physical Exercise: The Role of Sex, Age, Enjoyment, and Anxiety
Physical exercise declines during adolescence due to several factors, such as lack of intrinsic motivation or enjoyment, high physical exercise anxiety, and so on. The objectives of this study were to validate the psychometric structure of the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 to confirm the existence of five levels of motivation toward physical exercise in adolescent population, as well as to analyze the differences in motivation according to sex and age, and the role of age and sex in the relationship between motivation and enjoyment. To do so, 666 students between 10 and 16 years old completed the Behavioral Regulation in Exercise Questionnaire-2 and questionnaires relat…
Effectiveness of mindfulness-based interventions on psychotherapy processes: A systematic review.
In the field of psychotherapy, scientific research has highlighted the importance of empathy and therapeutic alliance in regard to the effectiveness and better results of psychological treatments. In recent years, mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) have shown to be effective at increasing empathy and therapeutic alliance and how this could affect the patients' symptomatology. In this study, we conducted a systematic review of the effectiveness of MBIs applied to psychotherapists to improve their empathy, the therapeutic alliance and the patients' symptomatology. Sixteen studies evaluating the impact of an MBI on some of these variables were identified, of which six included measures eva…
Intervenciones psicológicas basadas en mindfulness y sus beneficios: estado actual de la cuestión
ResumenLas intervenciones basadas en mindfulness (IBM) se fundamentan en antiguas prácticas del budismo, actualizadas y adaptadas al contexto occidental. En la presente revisión se describirán las técnicas más usadas, para a continuación analizar los mecanismos de acción que el mindfulness (i.e., atención plena) parece activar como intervención psicológica. En la segunda parte se revisarán los estudios de tipo aplicado. Se comenzará analizando los ensayos clínicos y metaanálisis relativos a las intervenciones sobre problemas mentales. En un segundo momento se analizarán los estudios de eficacia y metaanálisis relativos a los problemas de salud física. En la parte final se tratan algunos tem…
Exploring relations among mindfulness facets and various meditation practices: Do they work in different ways?
Several meditation practices are associated with mindfulness-based interventions but little is known about their specific effects on the development of different mindfulness facets. This study aimed to assess the relations among different practice variables, types of meditation, and mindfulness facets. The final sample was composed of 185 participants who completed an on-line survey, including information on the frequency and duration of each meditation practice, lifetime practice, and the Five-Facet Mindfulness Questionnaire. A Multiple Indicators Multiple Causes structural model was specified, estimated, and tested. Results showed that the Model's overall fit was adequate: chi(2) (1045) =…
The implementation of mindfulness in healthcare Systems: a theoretical analysis
Abstract Objective Evidence regarding the efficacy of mindfulness-based interventions (MBIs) is increasing exponentially; however, there are still challenges to their integration in healthcare systems. Our goal is to provide a conceptual framework that addresses these challenges in order to bring about scholarly dialog and support health managers and practitioners with the implementation of MBIs in healthcare. Method This is an opinative narrative review based on theoretical and empirical data that address key issues in the implementation of mindfulness in healthcare systems, such as the training of professionals, funding and costs of interventions, cost effectiveness and innovative deliver…
Virtual Reality as a Medium to Elicit Empathy: A Meta-Analysis.
The current meta-analysis aims to investigate and clarify existing research on virtual reality (VR) as a medium to elicit empathy. An exhaustive literature search (updated to February 29, 2020) enabled us to locate seven published articles, yielding a total of nine independent samples. The results reveal statistically significant positive changes in perspective-taking outcomes after VR exposure (
El uso de podómetros para incrementar la actividad física en población adulta: una revisión
ResumenLa inactividad física se ha convertido en un problema de salud pública, siendo uno de los mayores factores de riesgo para muchas enfermedades. Caminar es una forma sencilla de aumentar la actividad física (AF) y los podómetros son dispositivos tecnológicos que pueden ayudar a aumentar y mantener la motivación para caminar y para la AF en general. Este trabajo tiene como objetivo revisar la literatura científica sobre la eficacia de las intervenciones con podómetros en población adulta. Para ello, se analizan las características de los podómetros y de las intervenciones que los utilizan, las características de los usuarios que se benefician más de estas intervenciones, las principales…
Emotional eating scale for children and adolescents: psychometric characteristics in a Spanish sample
The aims of this study were to validate the Emotional Eating Scale version for children (EES-C) in a Spanish population and study the differences in emotional eating among children with binge eating (BE), overeating (OE), and no episodes of disordered eating (NED). The questionnaire was completed by 199 children aged 9 to 16 years. Confirmatory factor analysis revealed five scales: eating in response to anger, anxiety, restlessness, helplessness, and depression. The EES-C showed good internal consistency and test-retest reliability, and it showed moderate relationships with measures of disordered-eating [Children's Eating Attitudes Test-26 (ChEAT-26), Questionnaire of Eating and Weight Patt…
Compassion-based meditation quality practice and its impact on the positive attitudes toward others
Objectives: The authors report on the initial development and validation of the Compassion Practice Quality Scale (CPQS), a measure to assess the quality of compassion-based meditation (CBM). It is conceptualized and operationalized via two factors measuring mental imagery and somatic perception/response. Methods: The total sample was composed of 205 university students who underwent a CBM and completed pre-test/post-test assessment of compassion and related constructs. Results from a series of preliminary psychometric analyses of the CPQS were examined, including factor analysis, internal consistency, and convergent/discriminant validity. Results: The data supported a 12-item and 10-item (…
Can Avatar Appearance Influence Physical Activity? User-Avatar Similarity and Proteus Effects on Cardiac Frequency and Step Counts
This study combined user-avatar similarity and Proteus effect predictions to incentivize physical activity. 305 participants ran while wearing accelerometers and a heart rate monitor. They were randomly assigned to onscreen motion-capturing avatars displaying either participant or stranger faces dressed in sports or formal clothes. Participants assigned to avatars displaying their own face showed increased cardiac frequency compared with those exposed to avatars with a stranger's face. Relative to the remaining conditions, participants assigned to avatars with their own face also wearing sports clothes showed increased cardiac frequency but participants assigned to avatars with a stranger's…
Increasing physical activity through an Internet-based motivational intervention supported by pedometers in a sample of sedentary students: A randomised controlled trial
The aim of this study was to analyse the effect of an Internet-based motivational intervention (IMI) supported by pedometers (in comparison with IMI alone and non-intervention) on increasing daily steps and changing constructs related to physical activity (PA) in a sample of sedentary students.A randomised-controlled trial was conducted with 76 sedentary or low-active college students. The purpose of the IMI was to deliver information to increase motivation and set individualised PA goals. It involved a 3-week intervention and a 3-months follow-up.Objective measures were used to measure daily steps, and self-report questionnaires to assess different constructs related to PA.Results revealed…
Assessing self-criticism and self-reassurance: Examining psychometric properties and clinical usefulness of the Short-Form of the Forms of Self-Criticizing/Attacking & Self-Reassuring Scale (FSCRS-SF) in Spanish sample.
The Forms of Self-Criticizing/Attacking and Self-Reassuring Scale (FSCRS) was designed to measure self-criticism (SC) through Inadequate Self (IS) and Hated Self (HS) factors, as well as self-reassurance (RS). However, its long and short forms have yet to be validated in the Spanish Population. The present study examines the psychometric properties of the short form (FSCRS-SF) and its clinical usefulness in a sample of 576 adult individuals, 77 with psychiatric disorders and 499 without. Non-clinical participants were split according to their previous experience with meditation (active meditators, n = 133; non-active meditators, n = 41; and non-meditators, n = 325) and differences between t…
Psicología positiva contemplativa: integrando mindfulness en la psicología positiva
A pesar de que mindfulness está integrado en muchos manuales de psicología positiva como una técnica “positiva”, apenas se han desarrollado las implicaciones que tiene su uso ni se ha investigado la relación entre mindfulness y bienestar humano. Analizar las principales potencialidades de los dos ámbitos, las posibilidades de integración, así como las posibles contradicciones entre sus mensajes, es fundamental de cara a establecer puentes. Mindfulness es más que una técnica de meditación, lleva implícitos una serie de valores y condicionantes éticos que se adecuan en buena medida con los presupuestos que se proponen desde la psicología positiva, como el desarrollo de la amabilidad, la compa…
Introducing mindfulness and compassion‐based interventions to improve verbal creativity in students of clinical and health psychology
OBJECTIVES In the field of psychotherapy, verbal creativity has been suggested as an important aspect in psychotherapists' training. In the present study, the effects of a mindfulness and compassion-based intervention (MCBI) on verbal creativity are analysed in students of clinical and health psychology (N = 90). DESIGN Students were randomly assigned to an experimental group (n = 37), in which an MCBI was applied, and a waiting list group (n = 26) with no intervention. We also assessed a non-randomized active control group (n = 27), in which students received training in basic psychotherapy skills. METHODS Verbal creativity (fluency, flexibility, and originality) was evaluated in a pre-, p…
Relationship between effortful control and facets of mindfulness in meditators, non-meditators and individuals with borderline personality disorder
As dimensions of effortful control (EC), activation control, attentional control, and inhibitory control could mediate the relationship between mindfulness meditation practice and the facets of mindfulness (i.e., observing, describing, acting with awareness, non-judging and non-reacting to inner experience). In this study, we tested whether participant status: meditators (n = 330), healthy non-meditators (n = 254) and individuals with borderline personality disorder (BPD) diagnosis (n = 46) predicted the facets of mindfulness and if these potential effects were mediated through the three effortful control (EC) dimensions (activation, attentional and inhibitory control). Meditators scored hi…
Efficacy of a cognitive and behavioral treatment for childhood obesity supported by the ETIOBE web platform
Recently, the prevalence of childhood obesity has increased alar- mingly. Interventions combining eating habits, physical activity (PA), behavioral components, and family support have been shown to be effective, although variables such as self-efficacy beliefs and motivation seem to be important in achieving stable changes. Information and communication technologies (ICTs) can provide additional resources to traditional treatments. The objective is to analyze the efficacy of two treatments: a cognitive and behavioral treatment (CBT) focused on the promotion of healthy eating and PA habits, and this CBT intervention supported by a web platform (ETIOBE). Forty-seven obese children were random…
Expand your body when you look at yourself: The role of the posture in a mirror exposure task
Mirror exposure (ME) is one of the main components of the treatment of patients with eating disorders symptomatology and it has shown its effectiveness in improving several outcomes (e.g., body dissatisfaction). However, the study as to what body posture should be adopted to maximize its effectiveness has been neglected. From embodied cognition and emotion theories, the adoption of an expansive (vs. contractive) body posture has been associated with positive changes in cognitive and emotional responses. The objective of this study was to analyze the effect of adopting an expansive (vs. contractive) posture before an ME task on body-related emotions and cognitions, as well as to analyze the …
Manipulating Self-Avatar Body Dimensions in Virtual Worlds to Complement an Internet-Delivered Intervention to Increase Physical Activity in Overweight Women
Virtual reality has been found to be a useful tool for positively influencing relevant psychological variables in order to increase physical activity (PA), especially in the overweight population. This study investigates the use of avatars and their physical variations to extend the effectiveness of existing interventions to promote PA. The main objective is to analyze the influence of the avatars&rsquo
Mood profile of an America's Cup team: relationship with muscle damage and injuries.
Purpose: To describe the mood profile of an America’s Cup sailing team during competition and to evaluate the influence of previous injuries occurrence and intensity of physical work on the boat upon mood state. Relationships between mood domains and metabolic markers of muscle damage were also investigated. Methods: A descriptive study was conducted on an America’s Cup yachting race crew comprising 21 male sailors (mean T SD; age = 27.6 T 8.5 yr, weight = 89.3 T 24.9 kg, BMI = 26.5 T 6.9 kgImj2). All measurements were collected during the Louis Vuitton Cup 2007 in Valencia, Spain. The POMS test and creatine kinase (CK) serum activity were measured and correlated. Sailors were grouped accor…
Mindfulness, empatía y compasión: Evolución de la empatía a la compasión en el ámbito sanitario
En el ámbito de la atención a la salud mental, la empatía es un aspecto especialmente importante, ya que supone la base sobre la que se sostiene elvínculo terapéutico y se articulan las diferentes actuaciones psicológicas, al facilitar un entendimiento de la vida y de las situaciones de los pacientes. En este sentido, las intervenciones basadas en mindfulness y compasión (IBMC) se han mostrado efectivas para aumentar la empatía en los profesionales sanitarios. Sin embargo, actualmente siguen existiendo algunas inconsistencias en el estudio de la empatía y su relación con mindfulness y compasión. En este artículo, se expone una visión global de estos constructos, subrayando la importancia de…
Are validation scales useful for Detecting Deliberately Faked Personality Tests? A study in incarcerated populations
Personality self-report questionnaires are frequently used in forensic settings to detect psychopathology, to predict recidivism, and to assess adaptability to life in prison. Although most personality questionnaires include validity or control scales, even with the scales most outcomes can be easily manipulated. The aim of this study is to analyze the utility of the control scales of the Situational Personality Questionnaire. A sample of 200 male prisoners was randomized into two groups. Both groups completed the SPQ as a part of the mandatory psychological assessment when they entered prison, and then again 8 months later. In time 2, one group received instructions to falsify the results …
Access to autobiographical memory as an emotion regulation strategy and its relation to dispositional mindfulness
Mindfulness research has extensively focused on mechanisms that make it work. Emotional regulation (ER) has been proposed as one of the mechanisms to explain the effects of mindfulness on health. ER is composed of a broad set of strategies, such as the use of autobiographical memory (AM), which refers to the recollection of personally experienced past events to regulate the emotion (i.e., remembering a positive past event in order to calm anxiety). Authors suggest that mindfulness and AM are related. However, few studies exist to explore this relationship that could promote a more adaptive ER. The aim of this study is to explore the relationship between the mindfulness trait and the use of …