Severe Sepsis Due To Community-acquired Pneumonia (CAP) In Population Under Age 65

Validation Of Ecurb In Community-Acquired Pneumonia: Which Gold Standard Are We Talking About?

Oxidative modification impairs SERCA activity in Drosophila and human cell models of Parkinson's disease

DJ-1 is a causative gene for familial Parkinson's disease (PD) with different functions, standing out its role against oxidative stress (OS). Accordingly, PD model flies harboring a mutation in the DJ-1β gene (the Drosophila ortholog of human DJ-1) show high levels of OS markers like protein carbonylation, a common post-translational modification that may alter protein function. To increase our understanding of PD pathogenesis as well as to discover potential therapeutic targets for pharmacological intervention, we performed a redox proteomic assay in DJ-1β mutant flies. Among the proteins that showed increased carbonylation levels in PD model flies, we found SERCA, an endoplasmic reticulum…

Less Is More: Different Weight of the ATS/IDSA'07 Minor Criteria on Mortality Prediction in Severe Pneumonia (SCAP).

LSC Abstract – Increased oxidative stress leads to telomere shortening in children with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency

Background: Oxidative stress (OS) is involved in the pathophysiology of AATD (Escribano A. et al. Thorax 2015; 70:82-3). In addition, it has been shown that OS accelerates telomere shortening which is associated to higher emphysema risk in COPD patients. Rationale and aims: Since AATD is characterised by chronic OS, we hypothesise that telomere shortening would be accelerated in AATD patients and would be associated with higher risk of developing lung disease. This study is aimed to assess the OS profile, the enzymatic antioxidant defence mechanisms and telomere length (TL) in children with AATD and to study its association with AAT phenotypes. Methods: OS parameters, the activity of the ma…

Asthma and influenza vaccination in elderly hospitalized patients: Matched case-control study in Spain

Influenza infection is an exacerbating factor for asthma, and its prevention is critical in managing asthmatic patients. We investigated the effect of influenza vaccination on asthmatic and non-asthmatic patients hospitalized with laboratory-confirmed influenza in Spain.We made a matched case-control study to assess the frequency of hospitalization for influenza in people aged ≥65 years. Hospitalized patients with unplanned hospital admissions were recruited from 20 hospitals representing seven Spanish regions. Cases were defined as those hospitalized due to a laboratory-confirmed influenza infection and controls were matched by age, sex, and hospital. Data were obtained from clinical recor…

Mitra y la pluma en la cruz, S. Casiano

Es va publicar amb: Primavera numerosa de muchas armonias luzientes en doce comedias fragantes : parte quarenta y seis : impressas fielmente de los borradores de los mas celebres plausibles ingenios de España ... - En Madrid : a costa de Francisco Sanz impressor ..., 1679 Text a 2 colunmes Signatures: A-B8, C1-6

Telomere attrition in peripheral blood mononuclear cells of children with alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency

Background: Our research group have demonstrated that oxidative stress (OS) is involved in the pathophysiology of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD) (Escribano A. et al. Thorax 2015;70:82-3). In addition, many evidences have shown that OS accelerates telomere shortening in several lung pathologies. Short telomeres have been associated to higher emphysema risk in COPD patients. Rationale: Since AATD is characterised by chronic OS, we hypothesise that telomere shortening would be accelerated in AATD patients and would be associated with higher risk of developing lung disease. Aims: To assess telomere length (TL) in AATD patients and to study its association with AAT phenotypes. Methods: TL…

Orthometallation reactions of rhodium compounds containing orthohaloarylphosphines

The reaction of RhCl3·.3H2O with a 3-molar proportion of P(o-ClC6H4)Ph2, (PCCl) at room temperature gives RhCl(PCCl)2 (1), in high yield. Reaction of [Rh(cot)2Cl]2, (cot = cyclooctene), with PCCl, sol12 molar ratio, also gives compound 1. Refluxing of a solution of 1 in 96% ethanol gives RhCl2(PC)(η2-PCCl), [PC  (C6H4)PPh2] (2). Complex 1 reacts with CO to give RhClCO(PCCl)2 (3). 31P NMR studies reveal that 1 exhibits a fluxional behaviour in solution in the temperature range −50 to 0 °C. The low temperature spectrum is consistent with the formulation RhCl(η2-PCCl)(η1-PCCl). In cyclic voltammetry complex 2 shows two two-electronic reduction processes, at −0.98 and −1.56 V. Electrochemical …

Identification of potential therapeutic compounds for Parkinson's disease using Drosophila and human cell models.

Abstract Parkinson's disease (PD) is the second most common neurodegenerative disorder after Alzheimer's disease. It is caused by a loss of dopaminergic neurons in the substantia nigra pars compacta, leading to a decrease in dopamine levels in the striatum and thus producing movement impairment. Major physiological causes of neurodegeneration in PD are oxidative stress (OS) and mitochondrial dysfunction; these pathophysiological changes can be caused by both genetic and environmental factors. Although most PD cases are sporadic, it has been shown that 5–10% of them are familial forms caused by mutations in certain genes. One of these genes is the DJ-1 oncogene, which is involved in an early…

Christiandad del Japon y dilatada persecución que padecio : memorias sacras de los martyres de las ... Religiones de Santo Domingo, San Francisco, Compañia de Jesvs, y crecido numero de seglares y con especialidad de los religiosos del Orden de N. P. S. Augustin

Sign.: §8, A-Z6, Aa-Pp6, Qq4 Errates tip. a la pàg.: de 322 passa a 321 Port. orlada

Outpatient Treatment And Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP): A Comparative Study With Hospital Admission

Drosophila as a Model System for the Identification of Pharmacological Therapies in Neurodegenerative Diseases

Neurodegenerative diseases (NDs) constitute a very important problem in our current society, as they are usually associated with the aging process. NDs are devastating disorders that lead to severe disabilities and ultimately to death and have a considerable impact on human health. Although intense efforts are being made to shed light on the pathophysiology underlying these diseases, an important concern is that NDs are incurable and existing therapies are only directed to relieve their symptoms or delay the progression of the disease. Therefore, the development of new therapeutic approaches against NDs is urgent and challenging. In such a scenario, Drosophila is a very valuable model organ…

Differences between Community Acquired Legionnaire's Pneumonia (CAP-L) and Pneumococcal Pneumonia (CAP-P).

Early detection of lung cancer in exhaled breath condensate using miRNA markers

Background: Lung cancer is the leading cause of death by cancer worldwide. Since 5-year survival rate increases significantly when lung cancer is diagnosed at early stages, the development of accurate non-invasive biomarkers for early lung cancer diagnosis is of utmost importance. Over the last years, several tumour biomarkers based on microRNAs (miRNAs) determined in exhaled breath condensate (EBC) have been evaluated and could be applied to early diagnosis of lung cancer. Rationale: miRNA signatures for surgical specimens of lung cancer have been determined providing a panel of differentially expressed miRNAs that were able to discriminate lung cancer patients from normal subjects. Using …

Bacterial etiology of community-acquired pneumonia in immunocompetent hospitalized patients and appropriateness of empirical treatment recommendations: an international point-prevalence study

An accurate knowledge of the epidemiology of community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) is key for selecting appropriate antimicrobial treatments. Very few etiological studies assessed the appropriateness of empiric guideline recommendations at a multinational level. This study aims at the following: (i) describing the bacterial etiologic distribution of CAP and (ii) assessing the appropriateness of the empirical treatment recommendations by clinical practice guidelines (CPGs) for CAP in light of the bacterial pathogens diagnosed as causative agents of CAP. Secondary analysis of the GLIMP, a point-prevalence international study which enrolled adults hospitalized with CAP in 2015. The analysis was l…

Microbiological testing of adults hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia: an international study

This study aimed to describe real-life microbiological testing of adults hospitalised with community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) and to assess concordance with the 2007 Infectious Diseases Society of America (IDSA)/American Thoracic Society (ATS) and 2011 European Respiratory Society (ERS) CAP guidelines. This was a cohort study based on the Global Initiative for Methicillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus Pneumonia (GLIMP) database, which contains point-prevalence data on adults hospitalised with CAP across 54 countries during 2015. In total, 3702 patients were included. Testing was performed in 3217 patients, and included blood culture (71.1%), sputum culture (61.8%), Legionella urinary anti…

Should Broad-Spectrum Antibiotic Be Recommended For Pneumococcal Health-Care Associated Pneumonia?

Cyclometallation reactions in complexes of the type Rh(oq)(CO)(P(o-BrC6F4)Ph2)

Abstract The reaction of Rh(oq)(CO)(PCBr) (PCBr = P(o-BrC6F4)Ph2; oq = 8-oxyquinolinte)_ in refluxing toluene in the presence of Et4NBr (1/4 molar ratio) gives Rh(oq)Br(PC) (H2O), PC = P (o-C6F4)Ph2, in practically quantitative yield. The water molecule is readily displaced by various P-donor ligands to give complexes of general formula Rh(oq)Br(PC) PR3 (PR3 = PPh3, P(p-MeC6H4)3, P(p-MeOC6H4)3, P(p-FC6H4)3, P(PMe)3 and P(OPh3). The molecular structure of the compound Rh(oq)Br(PC) (PPh3) has been determined by X-ray methods. Crystals of the title compound are monoclinic, space group P21/n with unit cell dimensions a 11.273(4), b 20.087(8), c 17.471(7) A and β 102.15(8)°. The final R for 2304…

Nuclease activity of [Cu(sulfathiazolato)2(benzimidazole)2]2MeOH. Synthesis, properties and crystal structure

The [Cu(sulfathiazolato)(2)(benzimidazole)(2)]2MeOH complex has been synthesised and characterised. It crystallises in the monoclinic system, space group C1c1, with unit cell dimensions a=18.829(7) A, b=12.206(3) A, c=17.233(5) A, alpha=90.06(2) degrees, beta=97.28(3) degrees, gamma=90.21(3) degrees and Z=4. The geometry around the copper(II) ion is intermediate between tetrahedral and square planar. The complex produces cleavage of plasmid pUC18 in presence of reducing agents. The efficiency of cleavage reaction of the title compound with pUC18 and with different reducing agents follows the order ascorbate-H(2)O(2)>ascorbate>MPA>dithiothreitol>H(2)O(2).

Cbt modulates Foxo activation by positively regulating insulin signaling in Drosophila embryos.

In late Drosophila embryos, the epidermis exhibits a dorsal hole as a consequence of germ band retraction. It is sealed during dorsal closure (DC), a morphogenetic process in which the two lateral epidermal layers converge towards the dorsal midline and fuse. We previously demonstrated the involvement of the Cbt transcription factor in Drosophila DC. However its molecular role in the process remained obscure. In this study, we used genomic approaches to identify genes regulated by Cbt as well as its direct targets during late embryogenesis. Our results reveal a complex transcriptional circuit downstream of Cbt and evidence that it is functionally related with the Insulin/insulin-like growth…

Varicella-zoster Virus Pneumonia In An Adult Population. Has The Pattern Of Mortality Been Changed?

Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) With PSI V Admitted To Intensive Care Unit (ICU). Comparative Study

Phenotypic Characteristics And Outcomes Of Early Pneumonia Diagnosis (within 24 Hours)

Long-term Prognostic Value Of CURB-65 In Community-acquired Pneumonia

Decreased glutathione and low catalase activity contribute to oxidative stress in children with α-1 antitrypsin deficiency: Table 1

Background Recent investigations in animal models have revealed oxidative stress and oxidative damage in the pathogenesis of alpha-1 antitrypsin deficiency (AATD). However, no data are available on the oxidative stress status and antioxidant enzyme activity in these patients. This study was aimed to analyse the oxidative stress profile and enzymatic antioxidant defence mechanisms in children with AATD. Methods Oxidative stress parameters and the activity of the main antioxidant enzymes were prospectively measured in serum of fifty-one children diagnosed with AATD and thirty-eight control individuals. Results Oxidative stress was increased in the serum of children with intermediate- (MZ; SZ)…

Aspiration Risk Factors, Microbiology, and Empiric Antibiotics for Patients Hospitalized With Community-Acquired Pneumonia

Background: Aspiration community-acquired pneumonia (ACAP) and community-acquired pneumonia (CAP) in patients with aspiration risk factors (AspRFs) are infections associated with anaerobes, but limited evidence suggests their pathogenic role. Research Question: What are the aspiration risk factors, microbiology patterns, and empiric anti-anaerobic use in patients hospitalized with CAP? Study Design and Methods: This is a secondary analysis of GLIMP, an international, multicenter, point-prevalence study of adults hospitalized with CAP. Patients were stratified into three groups: (1) ACAP, (2) CAP/AspRF+ (CAP with AspRF), and (3) CAP/AspRF- (CAP without AspRF). Data on demographics, comorbidi…

Differential Features Of Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP) In Young Adults

Prevalence and Etiology of Community-acquired Pneumonia in Immunocompromised Patients

Abstract Background The correct management of immunocompromised patients with pneumonia is debated. We evaluated the prevalence, risk factors, and characteristics of immunocompromised patients coming from the community with pneumonia. Methods We conducted a secondary analysis of an international, multicenter study enrolling adult patients coming from the community with pneumonia and hospitalized in 222 hospitals in 54 countries worldwide. Risk factors for immunocompromise included AIDS, aplastic anemia, asplenia, hematological cancer, chemotherapy, neutropenia, biological drug use, lung transplantation, chronic steroid use, and solid tumor. Results At least 1 risk factor for immunocompromis…

Hypoxemia Adds to the CURB-65 Pneumonia Severity Score in Hospitalized Patients With Mild Pneumonia

BACKGROUND: Hypoxemia may influence the prognosis of patients with mild pneumonia, regardless of the initial CURB-65 score (confusion, blood urea nitrogen > 20 mg/dL, respiratory rate > 30 breaths/min, blood pressure < 90/60 mm Hg, and age ≥ 65 y). OBJECTIVE: To determine the risk factors associated with hypoxemia and the influence of hypoxemia on clinical outcomes in hospitalized patients with mild pneumonia. METHODS: We performed a multicenter prospective cohort study of 585 consecutive hospitalized patients with mild pneumonia (CURB-65 groups 0 and 1). We stratified the patients according to the presence of hypoxemia, defined as a PaO2/FIO2 < 300 mm Hg on admission. We assessed the risk …

SERCA activity is reduced in DJ-1 mutant flies and human cells due to oxidative modification

ABSTRACTDJ-1 is a causative gene for familial Parkinson’s disease (PD) with different functions, standing out its role against oxidative stress (OS). Accordingly, PD model flies harboring a mutation in the DJ-1β gene (the Drosophila ortholog of human DJ-1) show high levels of OS markers like protein carbonylation, a common post-translational modification that may alter protein function. To increase our understanding of PD pathogenesis as well as to discover potential therapeutic targets for pharmacological intervention, we performed a redox proteomic assay in DJ-1β mutant flies. Among the proteins that showed increased carbonylation levels in PD model flies, we found SERCA, an endoplasmic r…

Global initiative for meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus pneumonia (GLIMP): an international, observational cohort study

BACKGROUND: Antibiotic resistance is a major global health problem and pathogens such as meticillin-resistant Staphylococcus aureus (MRSA) have become of particular concern in the management of lower respiratory tract infections. However, few data are available on the worldwide prevalence and risk factors for MRSA pneumonia. We aimed to determine the point prevalence of MRSA pneumonia and identify specific MRSA risk factors in community-dwelling patients hospitalised with pneumonia.METHODS: We did an international, multicentre study of community-dwelling, adult patients admitted to hospital with pneumonia who had microbiological tests taken within 24 h of presentation. We recruited investig…

Influence of tetrahedral distortion of CuN4 complexes on spectroscopic properties. Synthesis, characterization and crystal structures of [Cu(N-(2-methylpyridyl)benzenesulfonylamidate)2], [Cu(N-(2-methylpyridyl)toluenesulfonylamidate)2] and [Cu(N-(2-methylpyridyl)naphthalenesulfonylamidate)2] compounds

Abstract A series of new N-sulfonamide ligands and their copper(II) complexes, [Cu(N-(2-methylpyridyl)toluenesulfonylamidate)2] (1), [Cu(N-(2-methylpyridyl)benzenesulfonylamidate)2] (2) and [Cu(N-(2-methylpyridyl)naphthalenesulfonylamidate)2] (3), have been synthesized and characterized. Single crystal X-ray analysis of the three complexes revealed that all of them present a tetracoordinate CuN4 chromophore. The ligands act as bidentate, coordinating the metal ion through the pyridine and sulfonamido N atoms. The main structural difference among the compounds is the varied degree of distortion of square-planar stereochemistry. Complex 1 exhibits a regular square-planar geometry. In complexe…

A high-throughput chemical screen in DJ-1β mutant flies identifies zaprinast as a potential Parkinson's disease treatment

AbstractDopamine replacement represents the standard therapy for Parkinson’s disease (PD), a common, chronic, and incurable neurological disorder; however, this approach only treats the symptoms of this devastating disease. In the search for novel disease-modifying therapies that target other relevant molecular and cellular mechanisms, Drosophila has emerged as a valuable tool to study neurodegenerative diseases due to the presence of a complex central nervous system, the blood–brain barrier, and a similar neurotransmitter profile to humans. Human PD-related genes also display conservation in flies; DJ-1β is the fly ortholog of DJ-1, a gene for which mutations prompt early-onset recessive P…

Antibiotic Use Prior To Admission And Community Acquired Pneumonia (CAP)

Accelerated telomere attrition in children and teenagers with α1-antitrypsin deficiency.

Numerous studies have shown that oxidative stress accelerates telomere shortening in several lung pathologies. Since oxidative stress is involved in the pathophysiology of α1-antitrypsin deficiency (AATD), we hypothesised that telomere shortening would be accelerated in AATD patients. This study aimed to assess telomere length in AATD patients and to study its association with α1-antitrypsin phenotypes.Telomere length, telomerase activity, telomerase reverse transcriptase (hTERT) expression and biomarkers of oxidative stress were measured in 62 children and teenagers (aged 2–18 years) diagnosed with AATD and 18 controls (aged 3–16 years).Our results show that intermediate-risk (MZ; SZ) and …

Is it possible to predict which patients with mild pneumonias will develop hypoxemia?

SummaryUsually, mortality due to mild community-acquired pneumonias (CAP) (Pneumonia severity index (PSI) classes I–III) is low (<3%), but the appearance of hypoxemia significantly increases mortality. Our aim was to determine the clinical parameters associated with risk factors of developing hypoxemia in subjects with mild CAP (PSI I–III) and the clinical outcomes of the hypoxemic group.We analyzed clinical characteristics and the outcomes of patients with mild CAP and hypoxemia (PaO2/FiO2<300), in a prospective, multicenter cohort study of 1195 patients.Mild pneumonias (PSI I–III) were found in 645 cases (53.9%), of which 217 (33.6%) presented hypoxemia according to a PaO2/FiO2<300. Patie…

WHY LOW RISK COMMUNITTY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA (PSI I-III) ARE ADMITTED TO ICU?

CHARACTERISTICS OF COMMUNITTY ACQUIRED PNEUMONIA IN VERY ELDERLY PATIENTS

LSC Abstract – Oxidative stress in nasal epithelial cells from patients with primary ciliary dyskinesia

Background: Primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) is a rare autosomal recessive inheritance disorder characterized by dysfunction of respiratory cilia and impaired mucociliary clearance, leading to respiratory problems appearing in childhood, decreased fertility and situs inversus in 50% of the cases. The deficient ciliary movement causes stasis of secretions in the airways leading to recurrent airway infection and chronic inflammation. Rationale and aims: Chronic inflammation has been associated to oxidative stress (OS). Moreover, evidence of increased OS in the airways of stable children with PCD has been shown (Zihlif, N. et al . Pediatr Pulmonol 2006; 41:509-14.). Therefore, we hypothesize t…

David pecador : enpresas [sic] morales, politico cristianas

Aamb port. pròpia 2a part. : Dauid penitente : enpresas [sic] morales, politico cristianas / compuesta por ... F. Antonio de Lorea ... ; dada a la estampa por ... D. Bernardo de Lorea Amescua ... ; parte segunda 1674 data de la 1a port Marca tipogràfica en ambdues portades Signatures: [paràgraf]8, [calderó]4, A-Q8, [ ]4, R-Z8, Aa-Ii8, Kk6. - Errates tip. en la pag.: 417 per 517 Esc. xil. de Sor Ana Dorotea de Austria en p. [3], sign. [paràgraf]2 Esc. xil de Don Pasqual de Aragón en p. [3], sign. [ ]2