0000000000515071
AUTHOR
L. Hertle
Postersitzung 6: Extrakorporale Stoßwellenlithotripsie (ESWL) bei komplizierter Urolithiasis
Die Nierensteinbehandlung hat sich mit Einfuhrung von PCNL und ESWL innerhalb weniger Jahre dramatisch gewandelt. Die Kombination von PCNL plus ESWL minimiert die Nachteile beider Techniken, die sie in ihrer alleinigen Anwendung bei der Behandlung von Ausgussteinen aufweisen. Uber unsere ersten Erfahrungen mit diesem Therapiekonzept haben wir bereits berichtet [1]. Bisher ist jedoch noch unklar, welche Spatergebnisse in diesen mit PCNL plus ESWL behandelten Patienten erzielt werden. In dieser Studie haben wir daher Patienten nachuntersucht, die 1984 und 1985 an unserer Klinik wegen Ausgussteinen kombiniert mit PCNL plus ESWL behandelt worden waren.
Effects of Some Directly-Acting Smooth Muscle Relaxant Drugs on Isolated Human Preparations of the Upper Urinary Tract
It is generally assumed that drugs which induce relaxation of smooth muscles may be of clinical importance in some urological disorders; such drugs are indeed widely used, for example in the therapy of unstable bladders or to facilitate the passage of ureteral stones. Antispasmodic action may be classified in neurotropic and musculo-tropic action; the former acting on the autonomic nervous system and the latter directly on smooth muscle cells. Examples for the first type of action are anticholinergic drugs or alpha-adrenoceptor-antagonists, whereas papaverine is a classic drug with the second type of action.
Voltage- and Agonist-Induced Activation of Smooth Muscle of the Human Upper Urinary Tract: Different Mechanisms
Smooth muscles are such a remarkably diverse group of tissues that the difference in properties between any two of them may be as great as between a smooth muscle and a striated muscle. With this diversity it is not surprising that the ways in which different stimuli initiate contraction are also extremely varied and interesting although we still know very little about the details of the mechanisms involved. In an attempt to shed some light on the cellular contraction cycle of smooth muscle of the human upper urinary tract, this article will focus on two topics: 1. Previous findings in smooth muscle research will be summarized and discussed briefly as they are pertinent to an understanding …
Effects of papaverine on human isolated bladder muscle
Papaverine is a non-specific smooth muscle relaxant and is thought to act at a site beyond the receptor sites on the cell membrane. In this study the relaxing properties of papaverine were tested in isolated muscle strips from the human bladder dome. In carbachol-induced contractions papaverine, even in high concentrations of 10(-4) mol/l had virtually no effects on peak tension generation, whereas the fading was accelerated and the steady state tension at 30 min. was reduced by about 54%. In contrast, high potassium-induced contractions were relaxed by papaverine in a concentration-dependent way; a concentration of papaverine of 10(-4) mol/l produced full relaxation. These findings might p…
Papaverine in Human Bladder Muscle
It is generally assumed that drugs which induce relaxation of smooth muscles may be of clinical importance in some urological disorders; such drugs are indeed widely used, for example, in the therapy of unstable bladders or to facilitate the passage of ureteral stones. Recently, papaverine has been shown to be very effective, e.g., in relaxing smooth muscles of the corpus cavernosum penis, thereby inducing erections in many impotent men (Virag 1982). The purpose of this study is to determine the relaxing properties of papaverine in isolated muscle strips from the human detrusor and to evaluate its potential clinical importance.
Pain therapy in acute renal colic
Der extreme Schmerz einer Nierenkolik bedarf einer schnellen, nebenwirkungsarmen und suffizienten Schmerztherapie. Diese geht dem kausalen Therapieansatz, der Beseitigung der Harnwegsobstruktion, voraus. Durch den Einsatz von Prostaglandinsynthesehemmern ist eine direkte Beeinflussung der Pathophysiologie des Kolikschmerzes moglich. Mittel der ersten Wahl sind Metamizol, Indometacin und Diclofenac. Die Substanzen sollten, falls moglich, intravenos appliziert werden. Opiate und Opioide sind Mittel der zweiten Wahl. Auf die Gabe von Spasmolytika kann verzichtet werden.
Zur Wirkung von Baralgin auf die glatte Muskulatur des menschlichen oberen Harntraktes
Pharmaka mit relaxierender Wirkung auf die glatte Muskulatur werden vielfach zur Behandlung der Hamsteinkolik und zur Beschleunigung der Hamsteinpassage verwendet. Die Wirkung solcher Spasmolytika wird im allgemeinen als neurotrop oder muskulotrop klassifiziert. Die neurotrope Wirkung wird mit einer Beeinflussung des autonomen Nervensystems in Verbindung gebracht, wahrend die muskulotrope Wirkung in einer direkten Beeinflussung der glatten Muskelzelle gesehen wird. Beispiele fur Pharmaka mit neurotroper Wirkung sind Anticholinergika oder α-Rezeptorenblocker, wahrend Papaverin eine klassische Substanz aus der Gruppe der muskulotropen Spasmolytika ist.
Stimulation of calcium uptake by norepinephrine or high external potassium in human calyces and renal pelvis.
The effects of stimulation with either 10 mumol/l norepinephrine or 85 mmol/l extracellular potassium concentration on calcium uptake were studied in muscle strips from human renal calyces and from the renal pelvis. The apparent uptake of calcium under control conditions was essentially complete after 30 min. Stimulation of the muscle strips with norepinephrine or high external potassium significantly (P less than 0.05) increased the calcium uptake over the control values at 30 and 100 min, whereas 45Ca efflux was virtually not affected. It is concluded that the mechanical responses of the muscle strips to norepinephrine or high external potassium correspond with an increased uptake of calc…