0000000000553894

AUTHOR

G. Corsello

IPOGLICEMIA NEONATALE: RILIEVI EPIDEMIOLOGICI IN UN CAMPIONE DI NEONATI RICOVERATI (2012-2017)

ipoglicemia neonatale

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The aristaless (Arx) gene: one gene for many "interneuronopathies".

The ARX (Aristaless-related (X-linked) homeobox) gene is not only present in arthropods and their ancestors, but also in vertebrates including humans (ARX orthologs). The gene is composed of 5 coding exons and it is expressed predominantly in foetal and adult brain and skeletal muscle. In this review we report on our experience and review the existing literature on the genotype and phenotype heterogeneity associated with ARX abnormalities in humans ranging from severe neuronal migration defects (e.g., lissencephaly), to mild forms of X-linked mental retardation without apparent brain abnormalities. The ARX-related disorders are reviewed focusing on their clinical features and on the role of…

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17βhydroxysteroid deydrogenase-3 deficiency (17β HSD): clinical and endocrine features and molecular biology in two prepubertal patients

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Dysmorphic face, precociously senile appearance, microcephaly, growth retardation and neuropsychomotor delay

Cockayne's syndrome is a rare recessive autosomal disorder. Its frequency at birth is very low. In the classical form (type 1) the clinical appearance becomes evident by the second year of life. Itis characterized by severe growth delay, microcephaly, progressive loss of adipose tissue, senile appearance, dysmorphic facial features, ocular anomalies (retinal pigmentary degeneration, nistagmus, cataract, optic atrophy).

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NON SOLO PORPORA… SUCCESSO DELLA STRATEGIA TERAPEUTICA E NUTRIZIONALE

La porpora di Schoenlein-Henoch (HSP) è la vasculite più comune in età pediatrica caratterizzata da depositi di immunocomplessi di IgA nei piccoli vasi. L’eziologia non è nota, ma è possibile una correlazione con infezioni batteriche, virus, alimentazione, punture di insetti e agenti fisici. La diagnosi è principalmente clinica. Le principali manifestazioni sono porpora cutanea, artrite, manifestazioni gastrointestinali e nefrite. Manifestazioni neurologiche e cardiache sono rare, come le localizzazioni polmonari e testicolari. Sporadicamente è descritto un coinvolgimento pancreatico. Riportiamo il caso di un bambino di 5 anni con HSP ad interessamento pluridistrettuale. B.G. giunge alla no…

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ARTRITE IDIOPATICA GIOVANILE E FITNESS: UN LAVORO DI SQUADRA

I pazienti affetti da Artrite Idiopatica Giovanile (AIG) presentano capacità funzionali articolari e muscolari, tolleranza all’esercizio aerobico e anaerobico ridotti con una limitazione della fitness rispetto ai loro coetanei. In periodi di remissione, l’attività motoria è una strategia di follow-up sicura, con risvolti terapeutici positivi, in grado di migliorare non solo la fitness, ma anche l’escursione articolare, la forza muscolare, la qualità di vita. E’ stato recentemente dimostrato che lo svolgimento regolare di attività motoria riduce il dolore e l’uso di FANS. L’obiettivo dello studio è stato di valutare i deficit di equilibrio e di postura e la fitness di bambini e adolescenti a…

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Aspergillosi polmonare in soggetto con lupus eritematoso sistemico e sindrome da attivazione macrofagica

Le infezioni rappresentano una delle principali cause di morbilità e mortalità nei pazienti affetti da lupus eritematoso sistemico (LES). I fattori che determinano l’aumentata suscettibilità alle infezioni dipendono sia dalla patologia sia dai farmaci assunti. MR, 16 aa, affetta da LES, esordito 2 anni prima, in trattamento con idrossiclorochina, si ricovera per febbre elevata poco responsiva ad antipiretici. Due settimane prima riferiva comparsa di pseudotinea amantiacea al cuoio capelluto e otite da Pseudomonas aeruginosa per cui era in terapia con ciprofloxacina. Dopo 24 ore di ricovero, la ragazza sviluppa una sindrome da attivazione macrofagica (MAS) associata ad insufficienza renale a…

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Pain in paediatric hospital units

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Newborn with oral, facial and digital abnormalities

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Partial trisomy 9p and partial monosomy 6q resulting from paternal reciprocal translocation 6;9: Overlapping manifestations of characteristic phenotypes from birth to age 4 years

We report on a female infant with partial trisomy 9p (p13.3→pter) and monosomy 6q (q26-qter) resulting from a paternal balanced reciprocal traslocation t(6;9)(q26;p13.3). Both trisomy 9p and monosomy 6q are recognized phenotypes with characteristic patterns of anomalies. This patient is the first reported with a partial deletion 6q and a partial duplication 9p resulting in an overlapping phenotype including intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), craniofacial and skeletal abnormalities, congenital heart defect, hypotonia and developmental delay. We present the clinical follow-up of this patient from birth to age 4 years: the phenotypic manifestations of trisomy 9p syndrome are mildly expres…

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A single amino acid change A19V in perforin: a novel, frequent predisposing factor to childhood acute lymphoblastic leukemia?

We screened 100 children with acute lymphoblastic leukemia (ALL) to assess the incidence of single amino acid change A91V in perform. Heterozygous A91V was found in 12/100 patients and 5/127 controls (OR, 3.4; 95%CI: 1.15-9.95; p=0.014). A91V is a novel and frequent predisposing factor for childhood ALL.

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Sorveglianza della mortalità infantile nella provincia di Palermo. Dati prelminari.

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BRAINSTEM AUDITORY EVOKED POTENTIALS AND VISUAL POTENTIALS IN KAWASAKI DISEASE: EXPRESSION OF CNS VASCULITIS?

Kawasaki disease (KD) is an acute, self-limited vasculitis of infants and children that is nowadays the most common cause of acquired heart disease in children. Transient sensorineural hearing loss (20 to 35 dB) is a possible complication of acute phase KD and may be related to salicylate toxicity in some patients.

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From smart working to smart co-working in the covid-19 era: a pilot program of cooperation around autoinflammatory diseases

Introduction: The last time was signed by the pandemic diffusion of COVID-19, with an emergency area COVID-19 dedicated and the need to minimize the inflow of children and adolescents affected by chronic diseases into the hospitals. Otherwise, paediatricians had to limit visits and to consider a new setting for febrile children. Objectives: Patients affected by autoinflammatory diseases were assisted by telephonic consultations guaranteed by the paediatricians of free choice and by the paediatric rheumatologists. However, the patients frequently needed a direct clinical approach and a specialistic evaluation in the case of flares and/or abnormal laboratory parameters and adverse reactions t…

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Idrocefalia X-Linked: identificazione di una nuova mutazione del gene L1CAM in un feto

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PROFILO DI RISCHIO DEL NEONATO LATE PRETERM: DISTURBI DEL NEUROSVILUPPO E RUOLO DEL FOLLOWUP

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SAIApp: a web application of the university of palermo dedicated to children with autoinflammatory syndromes

Introduction: The recent epidemic strongly evidenced the necessity of reorganizing physician work, patients’ access to clinics and patient support, especially for chronic diseases. In this field, a good strategy must consider the integration between department pediatricians, multidisciplinary specialists and pediatricians in private practice. Besides, adequate standards of care must be ensured especially for children affected by chronic diseases, as Autoinflammatory syndromes. Objectives: These children need to monitor clinical manifestations, attacks-free intervals, treatment adherence and response, onset of short- and long-term complications. This surveillance is a fundamental step to gua…

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Copy number variations in the etiology of autism spectrum disorders

Autism Spectrum Disorders (ASDs) are a heterogeneous group of neurodevelopmental disorders, characterized by qualitative impairment in social interaction and communication and restricted, repetitive and stereotyped patterns of behavior, interests and activities. They have a multifactorial etiology, but today different studies are showing the central role of genetics. Different genetic alterations were detected: chromosomal abnormalities, mutations, trinucleotide repeats and copy number variations (CNVs). Several studies identified many CNVs associated with ASDs and possible candidate genes, whose loss or gain could have a key role in the etiopathogenesis of these disorders. In particular, t…

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Microcephaly a clinical-genetic and neurologic approach

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SINDROME DA ENCEFALOPATIA POSTERIORE REVERSIBILE: TEMIBILE COMPLICANZA IN CORSO DI MAS DA AIG SISTEMICA

Background: La sindrome da encefalopatia posteriore reversibile (PRES) è un disordine secondario a diverse condizioni cliniche, caratterizzato da cefalea acuta o subacuta, nausea, vertigini, alterazioni della coscienza, convulsioni, disturbi visivi transitori, emorragia retinica ed edema del nervo ottico. Alla RMN si riscontra edema vasogenico nell'emisfero cerebrale posteriore e talvolta aree necrotiche. Riportiamo il caso clinico di una paziente con sindrome da attivazione macrofagica (MAS) secondaria ad AIG sistemica che ha sviluppato una PRES. Caso Clinico: Una adolescente di 11 anni giunge alla nostra osservazione per comparsa di febbre persistente da 10 gg. Durante la degenza è stata …

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DUE FRATELLI, IL PARVOVIRUS E DUE KAWASAKI CON FENOTIPO ATIPICO

E' rara la descrizione della Malattia di Kawasaki (MK) in fratelli, ma -se presente- è necessario escludere un trigger infettivo. Riportiamo il caso di due fratelli affetti da MK esordita contemporaneamente in seguito ad un’infezione da Parvovirus. Una bambina di 9 mesi ha presentato febbre, vomito, esantema, congiuntivite non purulenta bilaterale, linfoadenite. All’anamnesi, emergeva un episodio febbrile 12 giorni prima, con risoluzione spontanea in 5 giorni. Presentava: leucocitosi neutrofila, anemia, con transaminasi, Na, albumina, creatinina, urine nella norma. PCR: 2,31 mg/dl; VES: 120. ECG ed ecocardio sono risultati nella norma, con Z-score coronarici normali. IgM anti-Parvovirus era…

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LO STUDIO DEI POTENZIALI EVOCATI VISIVI E UDITIVI IN PAZIENTI CON MALATTIA DI KAWASAKI: CASISTICA DELLA CLINICA PEDIATRICA DI PALERMO

La Malattia di Kawasaki (MK), una vasculite sistemica con elettivo interessamento coronarico, può portare a complicanze a carico di diversi distretti quali fegato, reni, polmoni, intestino, occhi, cute, SNC. La sordità neurosensoriale è descritta in casi sporadici e può essere persistente. Lo studio dei potenziali evocati uditivi (ABR) e visivi (PEV) è metodica efficace per identificare, in assenza di sintomi uditivi e/o visivi, alterazioni degli stessi. Abbiamo studiato 52 pazienti (31 M; 21 F; età: 3 mesi-10 anni) con MK mediante PEV e ABR, sia in fase acuta di malattia che durante il follow-up ed abbiamo correlato i risultati dei potenziali con i parametri clinici, la forma della MK (tip…

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Hypercalciuria and kidney calcifications in terminal 4q deletion syndrome: further evidence for a putative gene on 4q.

We report a newborn girl with a de novo terminal 4q deletion (q31.3 --> qter) and a characteristic phenotype of minor facial anomalies, cleft palate, congenital heart defect, abnormalities of hands and feet, and postnatal onset of growth deficiency. Laboratory studies showed excessive urinary calcium excretion on standard milk formula and on oral calcium load. Blood measurements of parathyroid hormone, calcitonin, bicarbonate, calcium, phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, chlorine, potassium, and urinary measurements of phosphorus, magnesium, sodium, chlorine, potassium were normal for age. At 2 months of life, ultrasonography showed kidney calcifications. Clinical and laboratory data support the…

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Surveillance of enteric virus infections in a neonatal intensive care unit.

Objective. To investigate the epidemiology of neonatal viral gastroenteritis compared to the circulation of enteric viruses in children, 109 newborns in the NICU of Mother and Child Department and 214 children with enteritis admitted to the “G. Di Cristina” Children’s Hospital in Palermo were monitored for Rotavirus, Adenovirus, Astrovirus and Norovirus infections. Methods. Stool samples were examined by EIA to detect viral antigens. Rotavirus strains were subjected to P- and G-typing. Results. A Norovirus strain was detected in one neonatal stool specimen whereas an astrovirus strain was dectected in two neonatal specimens. No Rotavirus or Adenovirus infection was identified among the newb…

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Six patients with Pro250Arg mutation in FGFR3 in a family with coronal craniosynostosis: Intrafamilial variability and clinical management

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IPEREOSINOFILIA IN MALATTIA DI KAWASAKI: INDICE DI RISCHIO DI PATOLOGIA CARDIACA IN UNA CASISTICA PEDIATRICA SICILIANA

La malattia di Kawasaki (MK) è una vasculite sistemica con possibile coinvolgimento cardiaco, coronarite e/o aneurismi coronarici (CAL), la cui diagnosi talora è resa complessa specie in forme atipiche e/o incomplete. Alcuni autori evidenziano il rilievo di eosinofilia >350/mm3, soprattutto in pazienti con resistenza alla terapia con immunoglobuline (IVIG). Infiltrato eosinofilo è stato documentato, inoltre, nelle coronarie di pazienti con CAL. Nel periodo 2015 -2018, presso la Clinica Pediatrica di Palermo, abbiamo studiato 17 bambini (13 M; 4 F; età: 5-146 mesi: Mediana: 24 mesi) con diagnosi di MK. 11/17 (65%; 8 M; 3 F) hanno avuto alterazioni cardiologiche; fra questi 7/11 (64%) con …

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WIDENING THE SCOPE OF THE 15q13.3 MICRODUPLICATION SYNDROME. PATIENT REPORT AND GENOTYPE-PHENOTYPE CORRELATION.

15q13.3 microduplication syndrome, genomic rearrangment, gentotype-phenotype correlation

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LA PANCREATITE ACUTA: UNA TEMIBILE COMPLICANZA IN CORSO DI PORPORA DI HENOCHSCHONLEIN. CASISTICA DELLA CLINICA PEDIATRICA DI PALERMO

Introduzione: La: porpora di Schönlein-Henoch (PSH) è la vasculite con più alta incidenza in età pediatrica. Le manifestazioni cliniche classiche sono: porpora palpabile, tumefazione articolare con artralgie, possibile dolore addominale con sangue occulto positivo o franca rettorragia, in casi con particolare severità, è possibile riscontrare addome acuto, insufficienza renale, proteinuria sino alla sindrome nefrosica. Rara è la pancreatite acuta che può rendere particolarmente drammatico il quadro clinico talvolta in modo irreversibile. La diagnosi viene confermata sia dal dosaggio di amilasi pancreatica, lipasi, sia dalla RMN addominale. La terapia prevede la somministrazione di steroidi …

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LO SCREENING PER L’IPOTIROIDISMO CONGENITO: DATI RETROSPETTIVI DEGLI ULTIMI 5 ANNI IN UN SINGOLO CENTRO

Introduzione: L’incidenza dell’ipotiroidismo congenito (IC) in Italia varia da 1:2000-1:3000 nati. Il numero delle diagnosi è aumentato da quando il cut-off per il TSH su spot è stato ridotto, rispetto al valore di 10. Obiettivi: Lo studio si prefigge di raccogliere i dati del Centro Screening Neonatale dell’Ospedale dei Bambini “G. Di Cristina”, ARNAS Palermo, al quale pervengono i prelievi di tutti i nati nella Sicilia occidentale, al fine di valutare l’incidenza dell’IC. Materiali e Metodi: Da gennaio 2013 a dicembre 2017, sono stati screenati 79.699 neonati, tramite determinazione del TSH su spot. I neonati con TSH 6mU/L sono stati richiamati per dosare fT4, fT3, TSH, Ab anti-TG e anti-…

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LA DIAGNOSTICA DELLE TUMEFAZIONI PELVICHE NELL'INFANZIE e NELL'ADOLESCENZA

Le tumefazioni pelviche nell'infanzie e nell'adolescenza presentano una eterogeneità etioloogica. Gli autori analizzano gli aspetti diagnostici per imaging.

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Enteral feeding policies for extremely low birth weight infants. A survey in 74 Italian neonatal intensive cAre units

Background: Enterai feeding for infants with birth weight1000 g (ELBWI) is still a controversial issue. The aim of the present survey was to ascertain the attitudes of Italian neonatal intensive care units (NICUs) regarding this point. Method: A questionnaire, with multiple choice answers, regarding the timing of enteral feeding, its progression, the different techniques utilised, the eventual use of fortifiers and the interrupting criteria, was mailed to 92 Italian NICUs. Results: 74 NICUs all over the country participated in the study.1153 ELBWI were hospitalised in 1996 in these Units. Enterai feeding for babies between 501 g and 750 g is started on the 1st day of life in 23.3% of the NI…

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POTENZIALI EVOCATI VISIVI DA FLASH IN GEMELLI IN EPOCA NEONATALE. CORRELAZIONI CON LA ADEGUATEZZA DEL PESO CON LA ETA' GESTAZIONALE (AGA VS SGA)

Neonati AGA, SGA, PEV

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Green nail syndrome

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MECASERMIN TREATMENT OF A CHILD WITH CONGENITAL HYPERINSULINISM LINKED TO INS-R MUTATION

Objectives: Mecasermin is recombinant human insulin-like growth factor 1 (IGF1) which is approved for the treatment of short stature in children with documented primary IGF1 deficiency. Leprechaunism, also known as Donohue syndrome, is a severe disease, secondary to a severe congenital insulin resistance, with prenatal and neonatal growth retardation, typical dysmorphic features, glycaemic dysregulation characterized by hyperinsulinemia and hyperandrogenism. These patients have a poor prognosis with death in the first year of life. Methods: We describe the case of a 3.5 years child, born at 35,4 weeks, with severe fetal growth restriction (weight 1149 gr; length: 38 cm; cranial circumferenc…

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INSIDIE DIAGNOSTICHE DELLA TROMBOSI VENOSA CEREBRALE: STORIA DI UN CASO CLINICO

Introduzione: la trombosi venosa cerebrale (TVC) è una condizione rara, le manifestazioni sono spesso elusive, i primi reperti radiologici non d‘immediato riscontro e quindi trascurabili. La prognosi neurologica è variabile ma nell'80% dei casi è favorevole. Incidenza: 7 bambini milione/anno. Clinica: cefalea improvvisa, convulsioni, coma, alterazioni oculari i più frequenti. I fattori di rischio, in accordo con la triade di Virchow: trombofilia congenita o acquisita, danno endoteliale (es: flogosi, infezioni) e stasi del flusso sanguigno (es: policitemia). Diagnosi: anamnesi, esame obiettivo, Rm cerebrale, in alternativa eseguire la TC encefalo, se queste negative può essere utile un'angio…

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Aminoacid profile and oxidative status in children affected by Down syndrome before and after supplementary nutritional treatment

Down syndrome is the most common autosomal aberration among liveborns, characterised by several clinical features and metabolic disturbances. Aminoacid pathways abnormalities and defective oxidative balance are the most common metabolic problems in Down Syndrome. To evaluate the biochemical responses of children with Down Syndrome to a nutritional regimen supplemented with aminoacids, vitamins and polyunsaturated fatty acids, we submitted 86 subjects divided in two groups (0-6 and 6-12 years) to the dosage of plasma levels of aminoacids, antioxidant enzymes activities and reactive oxygen species, before and after 12 months of such nutritional supplementation and in relation to normal contro…

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EDEMA EMORRAGICO ACUTO DELL'INFANZIA: UN CASE REPORT

Un lattante di 6 mesi maschio giunge alla nostra osservazione per comparsa di lesioni maculo-papulari alle guance estesesi, in poche ore, ai quattro arti ed evolventi in manifestazioni purpuriche su cute edematosa senza segno della fovea. All’EO all’ingresso si evidenziavano inoltre: angioedema dei padiglioni auricolari, aspetto a coccarda delle lesioni aventi diametro max di 2 cm con coinvolgimento anche dello scroto, cute del tronco e mucose integre, assenza di segni neurologici. Due giorni prima del ricovero e della comparsa delle manifestazioni cutanee il piccolo aveva presentato febbre (T max 39,5°C) e faringite trattata con amoxi-clavulanato. Esami al ricovero: PCR mossa (2,3 mg/dl; V…

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PANCREAS ANULARE CON OSTRUZIONE DUODENALE IN EPOCA NEONATALE DESCRIZIONE DI UN CLUSTER DI TRE CASI

pancreas anulare, neonato

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Preclinical Morphofunctional Alterations of Large Arteries in Children and Adolescent with Type 1 Diabetes Mellitus: Preliminary Data

Background: Children and adolescent with type 1 diabetes mellitus (T1DM) are considered one of the pediatric populations at highest cardiovascular risk. Aim: This cross-sectional study was aimed to assess in children and adolescents with T1DM, the clinical correlates of early morphofunctional changes of the large arteries. Methods: Children and adolescents with T1DM treated with basal-bolus insulin therapy were included in the study if they had a disease duration of at least 5 years. The following parameter were examined: waist circumference, waist/height ratio (W/H), BMI, blood pressures, lipid profile, microalbuminuria, insulin dose, HbA1c, carotid intima-media thickness (c-IMT) and the d…

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Assessment of Cardiac funcionality in term newborns born to diabetic mothers

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16P11.2 microdeletion/microduplication syndrome: Further characterization of a critical region for neuropsychiatric development

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The hairy elbows syndrome: clinical and neuroradiological findings.

The hairy elbows syndrome (HES) is a rare congenital phenotype characterized by an abnormal increase in long hairs localized on the upper limbs extensor surfaces. This feature is often associated with short stature, facial asymmetry, dysmorphisms, intrauterine growth retardation (IUGR), and mental and speech delay. We report a case with hypertricosis cubiti associated with infantile spasms, behaviour disorders and cerebral hemisphere asymmetry. Although these findings have not been previously described we are uncertain whether they are unusual or underestimated. However, it is likely that these neurological findings are strongly interrelated leading to a more severe phenotype of the syndrom…

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Malformations of central nervous system: General issues

Malformations of the central nervous system (CNS) encompass a heterogeneous group of congenital anomalies that may be isolated or appear as part of a genetic syndrome. Advances in identifying the genetic etiology underlying many CNS malformation and syndromes have led to the current genetic-based classifications that allows us to better estimate prognosis and potential complications. Herein, we discuss the main genetic, clinical and radiological features and their implications for diagnostic testing and disease management

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Multicentre Italian study of SARS-CoV-2 infection in children and adolescents, preliminary data as at 10 April 2020

Data on features of severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) in children and adolescents are scarce. We report preliminary results of an Italian multicentre study comprising 168 laboratory-confirmed paediatric cases (median: 2.3 years, range: 1 day–17.7 years, 55.9% males), of which 67.9% were hospitalised and 19.6% had comorbidities. Fever was the most common symptom, gastrointestinal manifestations were frequent; two children required intensive care, five had seizures, 49 received experimental treatments and all recovered.

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ENCEFALOPATIA NEONATALE. IL RUOLO DELLA INFEZIONE. ANALISI DI UN CAMPIONE DI 1107 NEONATI RICOVERATI IN UTIN E TERAPIA SEMINTENSIVA

encefalopatia neonatale, infezione

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MIASTENIA GRAVIS ED ESOFAGITE EOSINOFILA IN ADOLESCENTE CON LES

Il Lupus Eritematoso Sistemico (LES) è una malattia autoimmune caratterizzata dalla presenza di autoanticorpi circolanti e flogosi sistemica. Il LES può insorgere a qualsiasi età, ma la più alta incidenza si ha nelle donne in età fertile. L’esordio può essere acuto, con coinvolgimento di più organi ed apparati come cute, articolazioni, reni, SNC e midollo osseo; o insidioso con sintomi aspecifici come febbre, astenia, esantemi, artrite e pleurite. Gli autoanticorpi associati sono gli anticorpi antinucleo e anti DNA doppio filamento. La diagnosi si basa sul riscontro di criteri clinici e laboratoristici secondo il sistema di classificazione dell’ACR. La presentazione, il decorso e gli esiti …

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Oriental facial features, growth impairment, mental retardation, hypotonia, severe scoliosis, and precocious thelarche in females.

Kabuki's syndrome (KS), or Niikawa -Kuroki's syndrome, is a sporadic multiple congenital anomaly/mental retardation syndrome of unknown etiology. The clinical findings include a peculiar facial dysmorphism (oriental look), developmental delay, growth impairment, hypotonia, scoliosis, persistent fetal fingertip pads, overweight or obesity, hypodontia, heart defects, cleft palate and a variety of other structural defects. KS can present with a wide phenotypical and clinical spectrum that often makes diagnosis difficult.

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RHEUMATHOLOGIC DISEASES IN ADOLESCENCE: PSYCHOLOGICAL PROFILE OF A DIFFICULT AGE

Background: Chronic disease significantly interfere with the quality of life at every age, expecially in a period of life characterized by the need to assume a role in the society and the research of a specific identity. The personal image is often destroyed by the disease, the long term sequelae of pharmacological treatment. Adolescents are frequently obligated to quit many possibilities of experience with peers. Objectives: We realized a plurispecialistic approach to adolescents with rheumatologic diseases, with the figures of neuropsychiatric, psychologists, rheumatologists, endocrinologists, to give an answer to the complex requests of these patients. Methods: We evaluated 20 patients w…

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Sorveglianza della mortalità infantile nella Provincia di Palermo

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X-LINKED INTELLECTUAL DISABILITY

The intellectual disability is found in approximately 2-3% of the population in a mild-to-moderate form and 0.5-1% in a moderate-to-severe form. The mutations on the chromosome X are responsible for both syndromic and non-syndromic intellectual disability. In the syndromic forms behavioral disorders, autism and/or seizures are frequent.

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Spider bite mimicking pyoderma gangrenosum in sJIA: a case report

Introduction: Several paediatric patients manifest conditions commonly misdiagnosed as spider bites, which however, can include other arthropods bites; bacterial, viral, and mycotic infections; vasculitis; dermatological diseases; miscellaneous conditions as drug reactions, chemical injuries. Objectives: In Italy, spiders which are likely to be associated with severe toxin mediated tissue damage are uncommon, especially in urban zones. However, a minor trauma may be a precipitating factor for pyoderma gangrenosum particularly over the legs, in association with inflammatory bowel disease, haematologic diseases and Juvenile Idiopathic Arthritis (JIA).

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UNA MALATTIA DI KAWASAKI AD ESORDIO MOLTO PRECOCE

Presentiamo il caso di Nicolas, un lattante di 3 mesi giunto alla nostra osservazione per febbre elevata da 3 giorni poco responsiva al paracetamolo. Secondogenito, nato da gravidanza normodecorsa, genitori non consanguinei. In anamnesi un precedente ricovero all’età di un mese di vita per bronchiolite; ha eseguito la prima dose di vaccino esavalente. All’ingresso in reparto Nicolas si presentava particolarmente irritabile, con congiuntivite bilaterale, rinorrea sierosa, cheilite, adenite latero-cervicale con un esantema polimorfo maculo-papulare al volto e al tronco. Nel sospetto di malattia di Kawasaki è stato effettuato un ecocardiogramma-color-doppler che mostrava una lieve dilatazione …

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An interesting question of Pompe disease. A case report

Glycogenosis type II or Pompe disease is an inherited autosomal recessive disorder known in 3 different clinical forms (infantile, juvenile and adult). We report on a case diagnosed as a classic infantile form with the worst outcome of all 3 described, if we had followed and executed a correct and complete diagnostic pathway. A 7 months old female child was admitted for fever and dyspnoea. At chest auscultation weepings and weezings were found; on the cardiac apex a murmur due to mitralic failure was retrieved. The thorax X-ray showed a greatly increased heart shadow with a cardiothoracic index of 0.75. ECG showed high voltages and signs of bilateral ventricular hypertrophy. Cardiac ultraso…

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A new mutation in EDA gene in X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia associated with keratoconus

Hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (HED) was first described in 1848 by Thurnam. HED belongs to ectodermal dysplasias (EDs), which are developmental impairments of ectodermal-derived tissues. X-linked hypohidrotic ectodermal dysplasia (XLHED) is the most common form of the EDs and consists in abnormal development of teeth, hair, and eccrine sweat glands. XLHED is determined by mutations in the ED1 gene, which is responsible for the coding of ectodysplasin-A(EDA-A), a protein that regulates ectodermal appendage formation. In the present study we found both in our proband and in the mother the same missense mutation in exon 9 (c.957 CA), which resulted in an aminoacid change at position 319 (S…

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Congenital diaphragmatic hernia and esophageal atresia: The importance of respiratory follow-up in congenital thoracic malformations

Esophageal atresia, congenital diaphragmatic hernia, pulmonary function test, respiratory morbidity, Long-term follow-up

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Children with special health care needs attending emergency department in Italy: analysis of 3479 cases

Abstract Background Although children with special health care needs (CSHCN) represent a minority of the population, they go through more hospitalizations, more admissions to the Emergency Department (ED), and receive a major number of medical prescriptions, in comparison to general pediatric population. Objectives of the study were to determine the reasons for admission to the ED in Italian CSHCN, and to describe the association between patient’s demographic data, clinical history, and health services requirements. Methods Ad hoc web site was created to collect retrospective data of 3479 visits of CSHCN to the ED in 58 Italian Hospitals. Results Seventy-two percent of patients admitted to …

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The 2014 lifetime immunization schedule approved by the Italian scientific societies. Italian Society of Hygiene, Preventive Medicine, and Public Health. Italian Society of Pediatrics. Italian Federation of Pediatric Physicians. Italian Federation of General Medical Physicians. Arezzo Service of Legal Medicine,Il calendario vaccinale per la vita 2014 predisposto dalle società scientifiche italiane

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SINDROME DA ATTIVAZIONE MACROFAGICA SECONDARIA AD IMMUNODEFICIT

Introduzione: la sindrome da attivazione macrofagica (SAM) è una condizione clinica rara, di cui esistono forme primitive (es. deficit di perforine) e secondarie ad infezioni, farmaci, immunodeficit; nel 10% dei casi rappresenta una complicanza dell'artrite idiopatica giovanile sistemica (AIG). Criteri diagnostici: febbre, epatosplenomegalia, citopenia bilineare, aumento di ferritina, transaminasi, ipertrigliceridemia ed ipofibrinogenemia con segni di emofagocitosi all'aspirato midollare. Terapia: metilprednisolone a 30 mg/Kg/die ev e terapia della patologia di base; nei no-responders trova impiego l'uso dei farmaci immunosoppressori come ciclosporina, Anakinra per forme secondarie ad AIG, …

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Array CGH identifies a 823 kb Microduplication at 22q 11.22 encompassing the Rab36 gene in a Child with Autism Spectrum Disorder and Mild Dysmorphism

aCGH, microduplication, autism

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MVK E DEFICIT ACCRESCITIVO IN BAMBINA NATA SGA

I pazienti in età evolutiva affetti da Deficit di Mevalonato kinasi (MVK), caratterizzato nelle forme clinicamente più gravi da alterazioni neurologiche, ritardo psicomotorio, mancanza di coordinazione dei movimenti, disturbi visivi, possono sviluppare un deficit accrescitivo severo, secondario allo stato infiammatorio. Nei pazienti con S. da iper IgD (HIDS) la crescita è, in genere, garantita e, in caso di bassa statura, vanno escluse altre cause. I pazienti con HIDS, per la parzialità del deficit enzimatico, hanno una clinica più sfumata (febbre ricorrente, linfoadenopatia, dolori addominali, vomito, diarrea, artralgie, cefalea, rash cutanei, ulcere della bocca ed epatosplenomegalia). Des…

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MALATTIA DI KAWASAKI E MAS INDOTTA DA INFEZIONE DA EBV IN PAZIENTE CON LINFOISTIOCITOSI EMOFAGOCITICA DI TIPO 2

L’HLH, rara patologia da alterata risposta infiammatoria sistemica, presenta elevata mortalità, se non diagnosticata e trattata tempestivamente. Il quadro clinico è caratterizzato da febbre elevata persistente, epatosplenomegalia, citopenia di almeno due linee cellulari, linfoadenopatia generalizzata, rash, iperferritinemia, ipertrigliceridemia, ipofibrinogenemia, ipertransaminasemia e alterazioni della coagulazione. La HLH è divisa in primaria o familiare (autosomica recessiva) e secondaria (S. Autoinfiammatorie, infezioni, trapianti, ecc). La terapia si basa su chemioterapia (protocollo HLH94 e HLH2004) e, per le HLH familiari, e trapianto di midollo osseo. Fra le forme familiari, il tipo…

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Type and counter-type from specific chromosomal regions

Several studies have shown the importance of segmental deletions/duplications in the field of chromosome pathologies. Non allelic homologous recombination, NAHR, between chromosomes or sister chromatids, mediated by segmental duplications, is the foundation of frequent mechanisms for structural chromosome mutations such as micro-deletions, micro-duplications, translocations, inversions, and marker chromosomes. We analyzed three distinct genomic regions (22q11.2, 17p11.2, 16p11.2) and we discussed how the same chromosome region can be affected by deletion or by reciprocal duplication, respectively responsible for a syndrome or for a reciprocal counter-syndrome, with different phenotypic mani…

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MALATTIA DI KAWASAKI ATIPICA

A.L. 9 anni ricoverato presso altro PO per febbre da 4 giorni, cefalea, artralgie diffuse, vomito, diarrea ed iperemia congiuntivale bilaterale. Per rigidità nucale esegue puntura lombare (negativa) ed inizia terapia con Ceftriaxone e teicoplanina.In 6° giornata di febbre comparsa di rash (tronco e arti superiori) e dolore addominale con quota fluida nello scavo pelvico all’ETG addome. Viene trasferito presso la nostra UO per competenze. All’ingresso: febbre da 8 giorni, edemi agli arti inferiori, epatosplenomegalia e riduzione del MV alle basi, alvo chiuso a feci, non ai gas. Esami radiologici: versamento addominale periepatico, fra le anse intestinali e nello scavo pelvico e colecistite, …

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VARIABILITA’ INTRA-FAMILIARE FENOTIPICA E SULLA STATURA DEFINITIVA NELL’APLOINSUFFICIENZA DEL GENE SHOX

Base genetica di alcuni casi di bassa statura disarmonica, l’aploinsufficienza del gene SHOX (SHOX-D) causa differente espressione fenotipica anche in pazienti con eguale genotipo, con verosimile influenza di fattori epigenetici in grado di condizionare anche la risposta alla terapia con GH e la statura definitiva.Descriviamo il caso di un nucleo familiare (due sorelle e la madre) con SHOX-D. la statura target è 146.8 cm (-2.6SDS); madre: 146.5 cm; padre: 160 cm).ZM è stata studiata all’età di 6,8 aa per bassa statura disarmonica: statura: 103.5 cm (-3SDS); SPAN: 99 cm; (BA: 6 aa). E’ stata documentata la mutazione missenso del gene SHOX (c414G>C: p.Glu138Asp dell’esone 3) ed iniziata te…

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ASFISSIA PERINATALE:VALUTAZIONE CLINICO-EPIDEMIOLOGICA IN UN CAMPIONE DI NEONATI DI ≥ 34 SEG

Asfissia, late preterm, a termine

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DELEZIONE CROMOSOMICA CRIPTICA 1p31.1: EFFICACIA DELLA TERAPIA COMBINATA CON L-TIROXINA, GH ED LHRHa PER MIGLIORARE LA PROGNOSI STATURALE

Le anomalie cromosomiche criptiche, non evidenziabili con la citogenetica tradizionale sono associate a un quadro clinico suggestivo di anomalia, pur in presenza di cariotipo normale, che richiede tecniche diagnostiche come l’ibridazione in situ. Descriviamo il caso di una ragazza che ha raggiunto la statura definitiva, con quadro polimalformativo già alla nascita e riscontro di cariotipo 46, XX con inversione pericentrica di un cromosoma 1. L’ indagine FISH del cromosoma 1 mette in evidenza i seguenti punti di rottura: 1p32 e 1q25. Si pone diagnosi di sindrome da delezione cromosomica criptica (del 1p31.1). Si tratta di una sindrome polimalformativa caratterizzata da ritardo dello sviluppo…

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Copy number variations in the etiology of epilepsy

Epilepsy is one of the most common neurological disorders in humans with a prevalence of 1% and a lifetime incidence of 3%. Idiopathic epilepsies occur in the absence of identifiable causal factors, but recent evidences show the role of genetic factors in the developing of these disorders. In particular, several studies focused their attention on the role of copy number variations (CNVs) in the etiology of epilepsy. In recent years, many CNVs have been identified, like 15q11.2, 15q13.3 and 16p13.11 microdeletions, 22q11.2 microduplication and many others. Possible candidate genes included in these regions were also studied and they seem to be involved in neuronal transmission and ion transp…

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Primary repair in esophageal atresia: The results of long term follow-up

The aim of this study was to assess the impact of postoperative morbidity during a long-term follow-up (6-12 years) in children with esophageal atresia treated at birth by primary anastomosis.Fifteen children with esophageal atresia and tracheoesophageal fistula were surgically treated at birth and their follow-up was extended to at least 6 up to 12 years. Data included clinical examination, evaluation of nutritional habit, continuous video recording of barium esophagogram, esophageal manometry, 24-h esophageal pH-monitoring and esophageal endoscopy.All the 15 patients completed the clinical evaluation and the set of tests. In the first 6 years, mild dysphagia and gastroesophageal reflux (G…

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