Effects of phenols of extra virgin olive oil on HL60 cell lines sensitive and reristant to anthracyclines

Modulating activity of dietary flavonols and flavan-3ols on the enzymes xanthina oxidase (XO) and mitochondrial superoxide dismutase (Mn-SOD)

Different Behaviour of Plasma Antioxidant Status after Red Wine Consumption in Subjects of the Same Sex: A Preliminary Report

<p>Several studies report that the plasma antioxidant capacity (PAC) increases after a single ingestion of red wine. However, data on the different behaviour of PAC after food intake in subjects of the same sex are still lacking. On the basis of these observations some investigations were undertaken in order to evaluate the effects of red wine intake on PAC in a homogeneous groups of healthy female volunteers (n=18). Additionally, the possible correlation between increase of PAC values and increase in uric acid levels was also assessed. PAC and uric acid concentrations were determined before wine intake and 50, 120 and 240 minutes thereafter. The results obtained following these studi…

Cathepsin L in Normal and Pathological Bone Remodeling

Abstract Cathepsin L is a ubiquitous lysosomal cysteine endopeptidase that is mainly involved in the metabolic turnover of intracellular proteins. However, it is now well established that this enzyme may also be implicated in the regulation of other important biological processes includ- ing bone resorption. Therefore, altered expression levels of Cathepsin L may result in disturbances of bone homeo- stasis and, eventually, in the onset of pathological condi- tions associated with altered bone turnover. These observations support the concept that Cathepsin L may be regarded as an additional target for the development of novel therapeutic options for the treatment of patients with bone disea…

Effects of oleuropein on tumor cell growth and bone remodelling: Potential clinical implications for the prevention and treatment of malignant bone diseases

Oleuropein (Ole) is the main bioactive phenolic compound present in olive leaves, fruits and olive oil. This molecule has been shown to exert beneficial effects on several human pathological conditions. In particular, recent preclinical and observational studies have provided evidence that Ole exhibits chemo-preventive effects on different types of human tumors. Studies undertaken to elucidate the specific mechanisms underlying these effects have shown that this molecule may thwart several key steps of malignant progression, including tumor cell proliferation, survival, angiogenesis, invasion and metastasis, by modulating the expression and activity of several growth factors, cytokines, adh…

Effects of verapamil and N-acetylcysteine on doxorubicin or isoproterenol cardiotoxicity in mice

Effects of Zoledronic Acid on Cathepsin K circulating levels in patients with bone metastasis.

Cathepsin K serum levels were determinated in patients with bone metastases from breast cancer or prostate cancer in therapy with zoledronic acid or in patients or in patients with located breast or prostate cancer end in patients with non malignant diseases and in healthy blood. donors (control group). Cathepsin K serum levels were significantly more eleved in healthy subjects or in patients with peimary osteoporosis. Furthermore, the administration of Zoledronic acid to patients with metastatic bome disease from breast or prostate cancer, induced a marked increase of Cathepsin K serum levels.

Cytotoxic effects of a crude extract of extra virgin olive oil on human HL60 cell lines sensitive and resistant with MDR phenotype

Induction of differentiation by phenols crude extract of extravirgin olive oil on tumor cell lines sensitive and resistatnt to antitumor agents

Corrigendum to “Effects of Oleuropein on tumor cell growth and bone remodeling: Potential clinical implications for the prevention and treatment of malignant bone diseases” [Life Sci. 264 (2021) 118694]

Zoledronic acid-induced variations in MMP-2, MMP-9 and uPA plasma concentrations in patients with metastatic bone disease

Cathepsin D expression levels in nongynecological solid tumors: clinical and therapeutic implications.

Cathepsin D is a lysosomal acid proteinase which is involved in the malignant progression of breast cancer and other gynecological tumors. Clinical investigations have shown that in breast cancer patients cathepsin D overexpression was significantly correlated with a shorter free-time disease and overall survival, whereas in patients with ovarian or endometrial cancer this phenomenon was associated with tumor aggressiveness and a degree of chemoresistance to various antitumor drugs such as anthracyclines, cis-platinum and vinca alkaloids. Therefore, a lot of research has been undertaken to evaluate the role and the prognostic value of cathepsin D also in other solid neoplasms. However, conf…

Influence of flavonoids on the transmembrane electron transport:study ex-vivo

The oxidative stress results from a change in the physiological balancebetween oxidant and antioxidant species. This condition induces an chemical change in the redox state of cells.. The function of t-PMET is to cooperate with intracellular redox pairs, like piruvate and lactate, to maintain thecytoplasmatic NAD+/NADH balance. The t-PMET is correlated with the modulation of internal pH and redox homeostasis, as it is able to activate proton release. Thus, t-PMET causes external and internal pH modification, as well as development of an inside negative membrane potential. The aim of this work was evaluate the erythrocytes redox status in a group of health volunteers and then to study whethe…

Flavonols and flavan-3-ols as modulators of xanthine oxidase and manganese superoxide dismutase activity.

Experiments were performed to assess the dose-dependent effects of quercetin, kaempferol, (+) catechin, and (-) epicatechin on superoxide radical production through the modulation of manganese superoxide dismutase and xanthine oxidase activities. The experiments were carried out at flavanoid concentrations ranging from 1 µM to 100 µM. This investigation highlighted that flavonols induced opposite effects on superoxide radical production at different doses, i.e. pro-oxidant at the highest concentration (100 µM) and anti-oxidant at the lowest concentration (1 µM). Similar behaviors were observed for xanthine oxidase with flavan-3ols. The diastereoisomer (the catechin) acted as a stronger radi…

On the role of cystatin C in cancer progression

Cystatin C (Cyst C) is an endogenous inhibitor of lysosomal cysteine proteinases, which has been shown to play a role in several normal and pathological processes. Interestingly, a growing number of experimental and clinical studies suggest that this inhibitor also appears to be implicated in the malignant progression of various human tumors. However, the role of Cyst C in malignant diseases is still controversial as these studies have highlighted that this protein may function either as tumor suppressor or tumor promoter. The specific mechanisms underlying these opposing effects at present remain murky and are the subject of many current investigations. On the other hand, a complete knowle…

Vitamin D in cancer chemoprevention

Context: There is increasing evidence that Vitamin D (Vit D) and its metabolites, besides their well-known calcium-related functions, may also exert antiproliferative, pro-differentiating, and immune modulatory effects on tumor cells in vitro and may also delay tumor growth in vivo. Objective: The aim of this review is to provide fresh insight into the most recent advances on the role of Vit D and its analogues as chemopreventive drugs in cancer therapy. Methods: A systematic review of experimental and clinical studies on Vit D and cancer was undertaken by using the major electronic health database including ISI Web of Science, Medline, PubMed, Scopus and Google Scholar. Results and conclus…

The Role of Vitamin K in Bone Remodeling and Osteoporosis

Vitamin K is an essential fat soluble vitamin involved in the regulation of normal coagulation. However, growing evidence highlights that this molecule appears to be also implicated in the regulation of other important biological functions such as bone mineralization, calcium homeostasis, apoptosis, cell growth and signal transduction. In particular, many studies have focused their attention on the protective effects of vitamin K on bone tissue in the outlook of its use in the prevention and treatment of osteoporosis in post-menopausal women. The objective of the present paper is to review data of the literature regarding the metabolic effects of Vitamin K in bone tissue and its clinical ro…

Induction of differentiation by phenols crude extract of extavirgin olive oil on tumor cell lines sensitive and resistant to anticancer drugs

Circulating cathepsin K and cystatin C in patients with cancer related bone disease: clinical and therapeutic implications.

Abstract The clinical significance of serum cathepsin K and cystatin C was assessed in patients with breast cancer (BCa) or prostate cancer (PCa) with confined disease (M0) or bone metastasis (BM). Cathepsin K and cystatin C circulating levels were determined by ELISAs in 63 cancer patients, in 35 patients with nonmalignant diseases and in 42 healthy blood donors (control group). In BCa patients, cathepsin K serum levels were significantly lower than in sex matched control group (HS; p  = 0.0008) or in patients with primary osteoporosis (OP; p  = 0.0009). On the contrary, cystatin C levels were significantly higher in BCa patients than in HS ( p  = 0.0001) or OP ( p  = 0.017). In PCa patien…

The role of histamine in doxorubicin and teniposide-induced cardiotoxicity in dog and mouse.

In previous studies we reported that teniposide (VM26) induced acute cardiac effects in dogs seem to be related to a release of histamine and that a prior treatment with chlorpheniramine, an H, histamine blocker, prevents the onset of this phenomenon. Since histamine and other vasoactive substances also seem to be involved in doxorubicin (DXR)-induced acute cardiac effects, experiments were undertaken in the aim to prevent, as in the case of VM26, the onset of this phenomenon by administering chlorpheniramine. Since DXR-induced chronic cardiomyopathy also seems to be related to the same mechanisms involved in the onset of acute cardiac effects induced by this drug, additional studies were …

Activin A and matrix metalloproteinase -2 and -9 blood levels as gauges of bone metastatic spread

Serum follistatin in patients with prostate cancer metastatic to the bone

The clinical significance of circulating fol- listatin (FLST), an inhibitor of the multifunctional cytokine activin A (Act A), was investigated in patients with prostate cancer (PCa). The serum concentrations of this molecule were determined by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay (ELISA) in PCa patients with (M?) or without (M0) bone metastases, in patients with benign prostate hyperplasia (BPH) and in healthy sub- jects (HS). The effectiveness of FLST in detecting PCa patients with skeletal metastases was determined by the receiver operating characteristic (ROC) curve analysis. Serum FLST was significantly higher in PCa patients than in BPH patients (P = 0.001) or HS (P = 0.011). Converse…

Cytotoxic effects of polyphenols from waste-water of extra virgin olive oil on human HL60 and K562 cell lines.

Dissimilar effects of doxorubicin and isoproterenol on morphology, H2O2 content and catalase activity in mouse heart

Activin A circulating levels in patients with bone metastasis from breast or prostate cancer

Recent studies have highlighted that Activin A, a member of the transforming growth factor-beta (TGF-beta) superfamily, may be involved in the regulation of osteoblastic activity and in osteoclast differentiation. Therefore, we have investigated the clinical significance of its circulating levels in patients with bone metastasis. Activin A serum concentrations were determined, by a commercially available enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay kit, in 72 patients with breast cancer (BC) or prostatic cancer (PC) with (BM+) or without (BM-) bone metastases, in 15 female patients with age-related osteoporosis (OP), in 20 patients with benign prostatic hypertrophy (BPH) and in 48 registered healthy b…

New potential circulating markers for the therapeutic monitoring of metastatic bone disease.

Clinical Impact of Cystatin C/Cathepsin L and Follistatin/Activin A Systems in Breast Cancer Progression: A Preliminary Report.

This study was directed to assess the clinical impact of the circulating cathepsin L, cystatin C, activin A, and follistatin in breast cancer patients. The serum concentrations of these molecules were determined by immunoenzymatic assays, and their association with some clinico-pathological parameters of breast cancer progression was evaluated. Our results identified cystatin C and activin A as predictive markers for the presence of breast cancer and bone metastasis, respectively. Therefore, these proteins may have a clinical role as circulating biomarkers in the diagnosis and therapeutic monitoring of breast cancer patients.

Effect of extra virgin olive oli phenols on HL60 cell lines sensitive and resistant to anthracyclines

Follistatin as potential therapeutic target in prostate cancer

Follistatin is a single-chain glycosylated protein whose primary function consists in binding and neutralizing some members of the transforming growth factor-β superfamily such as activin and bone morphogenic proteins. Emerging evidence indicates that this molecule may also play a role in the malignant progression of several human tumors including prostate cancer. In particular, recent findings suggest that, in this tumor, follistatin may also contribute to the formation of bone metastasis through multiple mechanisms, some of which are not related to its specific activin or bone morphogenic proteins' inhibitory activity. This review provides insight into the most recent advances in understa…

Cathepsin L in metastatic bone disease: therapeutic implications

AbstractCathepsin L is a lysosomal cysteine proteinase primarily devoted to the metabolic turnover of intracellular proteins. However, accumulating evidence suggests that this endopeptidase might also be implicated in the regulation of other important biological functions, including bone resorption in normal and pathological conditions. These findings support the concept that cathepsin L, in concert with other proteolytic enzymes involved in bone remodeling processes, could contribute to facilitate bone metastasis formation. In support of this hypothesis, recent studies indicate that cathepsin L can foster this process by triggering multiple mechanisms which, in part, differ from those of t…

Effects of eztra virgin olive oil phenols on HL60 cell line sensitive and resistant to anthracycline.

Effects of extra virgin olive oil phenols on HL60 cell lines sensitive and resistant to anthracyclines

The aim of our study was to evaluate the capability of a crude extract of phenols from extra virgin olive oil of Moraiolo cultivar to induce apoptosis and/or differentiation in sensitive and resistant HL60 cell lines to anticancer drugs (Typical Multidrug Resistance). Our data highlight that the crude extract is able to induce apoptosis on both sensitive and resistant cells, whereas the exposure to a number of anticancer drugs does not induce apoptosis in resistant cells. In differentiation experiments we investigated the capability of crude extract of phenols to induce the expression of CD11 granulocytic or CD14 monocytic cell surface antigen in sensitive and resistant HL60 cell lines. At …

ERYTHROCYTE CATALASE ACTIVITY IN EVER-SMOKERS AND NO-SMOKERS HEALTHY SUBJECTS: INFLUENCE OF FLAVONOIDS (QUERCETIN AND LUTEOLIN)

ERYTHROCYTE CATALASE ACTIVITY IN EVER-SMOKERS AND NO-SMOKERS HEALTHY SUBJECTS: INFLUENCE OF FLAVONOIDS(QUERCETIN AND LUTEOLIN) Background. Oxygen free radicals are highly reactive species that can cause cell damage including lipid peroxidation, enzyme inactivation and DNA damage. Inactivation and removal of highly reactive species depend by the antioxidant defence systems. The catalase (CAT) belongs to the primary antioxidant defence system of the cell which catalyses the decomposition of hydrogen peroxide to water and molecular oxygen. Flavonoids are a group of polyphenolic compounds with different chemical structure and properties. They are widely distributed in fruits, vegetables, nuts, …

Effects of Oleuropein on colon cancer progression in vitro. A preliminary report

Introduction. Accumulating evidence highlights that Oleuropein (OLE), one of the main bioactive phenolic compound present in olives, olive oil and olive leaves, appears to exert chemo-preventive effects against several human malignancies including gastrointestinal tumors. As the cellular mechanisms underlying this phenomenon are still not fully elucidated, we have undertaken some in vitro studies to examine the effects of OLE on the growth, adhesion and invasion of HTC116 and SW480 human colon cancer cells and the influence of this molecule on the production of certain proteins that appear to be relevant to cancer progression namely, matrix metalloproteinase-2 (MMP-2), matrix metalloprotein…