6533b827fe1ef96bd128720b

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Component-Resolved Diagnosis of American Cockroach (Periplaneta americana) Allergy in Patients From Different Geographical Areas

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Background:Manifestation of respiratory allergy to American cockroach (Periplaneta americana) is prominent in the subtropical and tropical areas. However, co-existing perennial indoor inhalant allergies frequently compromise clinical diagnosis of cockroach allergy, and the analysis of sensitization pattern is limited by the lack ofPeriplanetaallergens widely available for component-resolved diagnostics (CRD).Objective:To evaluate a collection of previously described recombinantPeriplanetaallergens for CRD in cockroach allergy.Methods:A panel of nine recombinantPeriplaneta allergens (Per a 1–5, 7–10) was generated, purified, and subjected to physicochemical characterization by applying circular dichroism (CD) spectroscopy, dynamic light scattering (DLS), amino acid (AA) analysis, and mass spectrometry (MS). Patients (n= 117) from India, Korea, Venezuela, and Iran, reporting perennial respiratory indoor allergies with IgE sensitization to cockroach (P. americana and/or Blattella germanica), were included. The sensitization profile was monitored by the experimental ImmunoCAP testing.Results:ImmunoCAP testing confirmed IgE sensitization toPeriplanetaand/orBlattellaextract in 98 of 117 patients (r= 0.95). Five out of 117 patients were sensitized to only one of the two cockroach species. Within the whole study group, the prevalence of sensitization to individual allergens varied from 4% (Per a 2) to 50% (Per a 9), with the highest IgE values to Per a 9. Patients from four countries displayed different sensitization profiles at which Per a 3 and Per a 9 were identified as major allergens in India and Korea.Periplaneta-derived lipocalin and myosin light chain were characterized as new minor allergens, designated as Per a 4 and Per a 8.Periplanetaextract showed higher diagnostic sensitivity than all individual components combined, suggesting the existence of allergens yet to be discovered.Conclusion:Utilization of a panel of purifiedPeriplanetaallergens revealed highly heterogeneous sensitization patterns and allowed the classification of lipocalin and myosin light chain fromPeriplanetaas new minor allergens.