Consensus guidelines for the detection of immunogenic cell death

6533b82bfe1ef96bd128e353

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Consensus guidelines for the detection of immunogenic cell death

O. Kepp L. Senovilla I. Vitale E. Vacchelli S. Adjemian P. Agostinis L. Apetoh F. Aranda V. Barnaba N. Bloy L. Bracci K. Breckpot D. Brough A. Buqué Mg Castro M. Cirone Mi Colombo I. Cremer S. Demaria L. Dini A. Eliopoulos A. Faggioni Sc Formenti J. Fu??íková L. Gabriele Us Gaipl J. Galon A. Garg F. Ghiringhelli Na Giese Zs Guo A. Hemminki M. Herrmann Jw Hodge S. Holdenrieder J. Honeychurch Hu Hm X. Huang Tm Illidge K. Kono M. Korbelik Dv Krysko S. Loi Pr Lowenstein E. Lugli Y. Ma F. Madeo Aa Manfredi I. Martins P. Matzinger D. Mavilio L. Menger N. Merendino M. Michaud G. Mignot Kl Mossman G. Multhoff R. Oehler F. Palombo T. Panaretakis J. Pol E. Proietti Je Ricci Chiara Riganti P. Rovere Querini A. Rubartelli A. Sistigu Mj Smyth J. Sonnemann R. Spisek J. Stagg Aq Sukkurwala E. Tartour A. Thorburn Sh Thorne P. Vandenabeele F. Velotti Sr Workenhe H. Yang Wx Zong L. Zitvogel G. Kroemer L. Galluzzi

subject

HSV-1 herpes simplex virus type I Δψm mitochondrial transmembrane potential medicine.medical_treatment DAMP damage-associated molecular pattern detection FLT3LG fms-related tyrosine kinase 3 ligand Review member 3 calreticulin Eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A RFP red fluorescent protein 0302 clinical medicine MOMP mitochondrial outer membrane permeabilization Immunology and Allergy GFP green fluorescent protein HMGB1 0303 health sciences education.field_of_study Toll-like receptor BAK1 BCL2-antagonist/killer 1 H2B histone 2B endoplasmic reticulum stre 3. Good health BAX BCL2-associated X protein XBP1 X-box binding protein 1 cell death Oncology PDIA3 protein disulfide isomerase family A 030220 oncology & carcinogenesis endoplasmic reticulum stress Immunogenic cell death HSP heat shock protein immunotherapy TLR Toll-like receptor autophagy ATF6 activating transcription factor 6 Immunology ICD immunogenic cell death EIF2A eukaryotic translation initiation factor 2A Guidelines Biology BCL2 B-cell CLL/lymphoma 2 protein ER endoplasmic reticulum PI propidium iodide ATP release 03 medical and health sciences Immune system immunogenic medicine IFN interferon Antigen-presenting cell education 030304 developmental biology CALR calreticulin Damage-associated molecular pattern Immunotherapy CTL cytotoxic T lymphocyte HMGB1 high mobility group box 1 IL interleukin G3BP1 GTPase activating protein (SH3 domain) binding protein 1 APC antigen-presenting cell Cancer cell Immunology DiOC6(3) 3 3′-dihexyloxacarbocyanine iodide DAPI 4′6-diamidino-2-phenylindole

description

Apoptotic cells have long been considered as intrinsically tolerogenic or unable to elicit immune responses specific for dead cell-associated antigens. However, multiple stimuli can trigger a functionally peculiar type of apoptotic demise that does not go unnoticed by the adaptive arm of the immune system, which we named "immunogenic cell death" (ICD). ICD is preceded or accompanied by the emission of a series of immunostimulatory damage-associated molecular patterns (DAMPs) in a precise spatiotemporal configuration. Several anticancer agents that have been successfully employed in the clinic for decades, including various chemotherapeutics and radiotherapy, can elicit ICD. Moreover, defects in the components that underlie the capacity of the immune system to perceive cell death as immunogenic negatively influence disease outcome among cancer patients treated with ICD inducers. Thus, ICD has profound clinical and therapeutic implications. Unfortunately, the gold-standard approach to detect ICD relies on vaccination experiments involving immunocompetent murine models and syngeneic cancer cells, an approach that is incompatible with large screening campaigns. Here, we outline strategies conceived to detect surrogate markers of ICD in vitro and to screen large chemical libraries for putative ICD inducers, based on a high-content, high-throughput platform that we recently developed. Such a platform allows for the detection of multiple DAMPs, like cell surface-exposed calreticulin, extracellular ATP and high mobility group box 1 (HMGB1), and/or the processes that underlie their emission, such as endoplasmic reticulum stress, autophagy and necrotic plasma membrane permeabilization. We surmise that this technology will facilitate the development of next-generation anticancer regimens, which kill malignant cells and simultaneously convert them into a cancer-specific therapeutic vaccine. peerreview_statement: The publishing and review policy for this title is described in its Aims & Scope. aims_and_scope_url: http://www.tandfonline.com/action/journalInformation?show=aimsScope&journalCode=koni20 ispartof: OncoImmunology vol:3 issue:9 pages:12472-124508 ispartof: location:United States status: published

year	journal	country	edition	language
2014-01-01	OncoImmunology

https://doi.org/10.4161/21624011.2014.955691