Dielectric polarization and polarizability of 1-pentanol+n-octane mixtures from static dielectric constant and refractive index data at 0,25 and 45�C

1990

Static dielectric constants and refractive indices of 1-pentanol+n-octane mixtures were measured in the temperature range between 0 and 45°C. Data discussed in terms of Kirkwood correlation factor and Lorentz-Lorenz molar refractivity give information on the short range intermolecular interactions between the components. The role played by the nonpolar n-octane in the destruction of 1-pentanol oligomers is also pointed out.

Capsaicin desensitization in vivo is inhibited by ruthenium red.

1990

The effect of systemic administration of Ruthenium Red on the excitatory and desensitizing effect of capsaicin was investigated in rats. Ruthenium Red was injected s.c. 30 min before capsaicin was administered. The excitatory effect of capsaicin on corneal, perivascular and visceral afferents was not influenced by treatment with Ruthenium Red. However, determination of the neuropeptide content and evoked neuropeptide release in peripheral organs and dorsal spinal cord 48 h after treatment showed that Ruthenium Red attenuated the 'desensitizing' effect of capsaicin at peripheral, but not at central, endings of primary afferents. On the other hand, a capsaicin-elicited autonomic reflex mediat…

ESR of Nd3+ in BaTiO3

1990

Afin d'identifier les defauts responsables de l'effet photo-refractif dans BaTiO 3 , on etudie ces cristaux. Les echantillons contiennent generalement divers etats de charge et des associations de Fe, Cr, ainsi que des trous de O − induits par le rayonnement. On trouve un nouveau centre qui doit etre attribue a Nd 3+ . Dans la presente etude, l'echantillon utilise n'est pas dope, et on l'etudie dans la phase rhomboedrique a T∼77 K. Il apparait que Na est une impurete courante dans BaTiO 3 probablement incorporee avec le materiau de depart, BaCO 3

Inhibition of expression of human immunodeficiency virus-1 in vitro by antibody-targeted liposomes containing antisense RNA to the env region.

1990

Previous studies revealed that antisense oligodeoxynucleotides to specific regions of the human immunodeficiency virus-1 (HIV-1) are potent inhibitors of replication of HIV-1 in vitro (Zamecnik, P. C., Goodchild, J., Taguchi, Y., and Sarin, P. S. (1986) Proc. Natl. Acad. Sci. U. S. A. 83, 4143-4146). We now report that antisense RNA, synthesized in vitro using T7 and SP6 RNA polymerase, displayed an anti-HIV-1 effect in the HTLV-IIIB/H9 system in vitro. Treatment of HIV-1-infected H9 cells with viral env region antisense RNA encapsulated in liposomes targeted by antibodies specific for the T cell receptor molecule CD3 almost completely inhibited HIV-1 production. The viral env segment cover…

The photocycle and the structure of iron containing bacteriorhodopsin ?a kinetic and M�ssbauer spectroscopy investigation

1990

Bacteriorhodopsin (bR), converted by deionization to the blue form was reconstituted to the active purple membrane by the addition of Fe2+ or Fe3+ ions. 57Fe Mossbauer spectra of these samples were measured at different pH values (pH 3.9, pH 5.0 and pH 7.0) and at temperatures ranging from 4 K to 300 K. The hyperfine parameters reveal two iron environments with oxygen atoms in the neighbourhood of iron. Iron type 1 is in the 3+ high spin state. It is bound to acid side chains of the protein and/or the phosphate groups of the lipids. Iron type 2 is in the 2+ high spin state and is linked to carboxy groups of the protein in a rather unspecific way. Dynamics as measured by Mossbauer spectrosco…

Scanning electron microscopic evidence for neural differentiation in Ewing's sarcoma cell lines.

1990

A number of recent studies have suggested a relationship between Ewing's sarcoma (ES) and other small round cell tumours of childhood such as peripheral neuroepithelioma (PN). We report scanning electron microscopic studies on the character of induced neural differentiation in ES, neuroblastoma, PN, osteosarcoma and colon carcinoma. We found evidence of neural differentiation in both neural lines and in one of two Ewing's lines before treatment. After differentiation, both Ewing's and neural lines developed neuritic processes with varicosities and little arborization, except for the initially undifferentiated Ewing's line (A4573) which displayed extensive lateral sprouting from neuritic pro…

Piroxicam-induced photosensitivity and contact sensitivity to thiosalicylic acid

1990

A photocontact dermatitis developed in three patients after the application of gel containing 0.5% piroxicam. Patch tests were positive to thiomersal and thiosalicylic acid. Photopatch tests with piroxicam at several concentrations were positive in the three patients but negative in 62 normal volunteer subjects. Patch tests performed on 14 patients with proved systemic photosensitivity to piroxicam were positive for thiomersal and thiosalicylic acid. Nine of 12 patients previously sensitized to thiosalicylic acid and with no history of exposure to piroxicam showed positive photopatch test reactions to this chemical. These results support a relation between piroxicam-induced photosensitivity…

Alarm calling by individual willow tits, Parus montanus

1990

Abstract Alarm responses of wild-captured individual willow tits to model sparrowhawks, Accipiter nisus, flying over a test chamber were studied. Tits did not usually give alarm calls if the apparent predator was passing nearby (at a height of 10 m), while over half of the individuals responded by alarm calling for a more distant predator (40 m). This suggests that alarm calling involves a risk to the caller. Second, there was individual variation in the responses, with older males giving the call more frequently than females or young males. The greater responsiveness of adult males may indicate that different individuals in a flock gain different benefits by warning the others. The tendenc…

Effect of human granulocyte colony stimulating factor (G-CSF) and reduced glutathione (GSH) on drug-induced leukopenia in golden Syrian hamsters.

1990

Studies of short-lived fission products by means of the multistage solvent extraction system SISAK

1990

The multistage solvent extraction system SISAK is described. The system is used for online studies of nuclides with half-lives down to ∼1 s. Some of the chemical separation procedures are presented, and a survey is given on the results obtained so far. The possiblity to gain access to nuclides with even shorter half-lives is also discussed.

La comercialización de la seda valenciana a finales del Antiguo Régimen: el «contraste» de la ciudad de Valencia

1990

Como es bien conocido, el País Valenciano constituyó la principal área sericicultora en la España del siglo XVIII. Su desarrollo se había orientado, previamente, hacia el abastecimiento de los centros manufactureros castellanos y andaluces. Pero la progresiva decadencia que éstos experimentaron favoreció el surgimiento de una industria sedera autóctona que acabó absorbiendo la mayor parte de la materia prima producida por su agricultura. Ahora bien, uno de los rasgos más destacados de la sedería valenciana fue su casi absoluta concentración en la ciudad de Valencia. Es esta circunstancia la que confiere una excepcional importancia al análisis de las relaciones comerciales que en ella se est…

A Radiation Fog Model with a Detailed Treatment of the Interaction between Radiative Transfer and Fog Microphysics

1990

Abstract A one-dimensional radiation fog model is presented which includes a detailed description of the interaction between atmospheric radiative transfer and the microphysical structure of the fog. Aerosol particles and activated cloud droplets are treated using a two-dimensional joint size distribution whereby the activation process of aerosols is explicitly modeled. For this purpose a new positive definite semi-Lagrangian advection scheme is developed that produces only small numerical diffusion and is numerically very efficient. For the radiative calculations, time dependent attenuation parameters are determined from the actual particle size distributions. The diffusional growth of the…

On ∗-polynomial identities for n × n matrices

1990

What to do about science “misconceptions”

1990

Nigral influence on focal epilepsy.

1990

The substantia nigra (SN) has been proposed as a structure involved in epileptiform phenomena. Previous investigations demonstrated that SN is able to elicit hippocampal rhythmic slow activity (RSA) as well as to inhibit hippocampal interictal spikes induced by parenteral administration of penicillin. The present series of experiments was carried out in order to characterize the action of SN on a focal model of hippocampal epilepsy. Experiments were performed on encephale isole cats in which steady epileptiform activity was induced by locally applied penicillin. Electrical stimulation of SN pars reticulata (pr) caused a statistically significant decrease of hippocampal spike frequency and a…

Structuring of polymer blends in simple shear flow

1990

A simplified model for the formation of steady state structure of discrete domains in polymer blends is established for simple shear flow. It is assumed that the domain size distribution, which results from an equilibrium between breakup processes and coalescence processes, may be divided in small and stable spherical domains and large and unstable ellipsoidal domains. Based on simplified rate balances and an expression for domain deformation rate the volume fraction of large domains and the large and small semiaxes of the ellipsoids are expressed as functions of volume fraction and shear rate/shear stress. The ability of the model to simulate actual behaviour is tested against quantitative…

Molecular volumes and surfaces of biomacromolecules via GEPOL: A fast and efficient algorithm

1990

A triangular tesselation approach to build up surfaces has been adapted to the study of biomolecules. By using a data-coded generic pentakisdodecahedron each atom is assigned a particular sphere whose radii are chosen according to any suitable property. Different types of surfaces have been adapted to this method: van der Waals, surface accessible, and Richard's molecular surface. A simple method is used to eliminate all triangles found at the intersection volume of the atomic spheres and a fast algorithm is employed to calculate the area of the envelope surface and the volume therein. The data about the surface are given by the coordinates of the center of each triangle, elementary surface…

Characterization of liver cytokeratin as a major target antigen of anti-SLA antibodies.

1990

Abstract Anti-SLA antibodies characterize a newly defined subgroup of patients with autoimmune chronic active hepatitis. The aim of the present study was the immunochemical characterization of the target antigen(s) of anti-SLA antibodies. Anti-SLA-positive sera were found to contain high titres of anti-cytokeratin antibodies. In immunoblotting analyses with 100 000 × g supernatants of human liver homogenates (S-100) these sera recognized various proteins with a molecular mass of 40–60 kDa. These proteins were also recognized by monoclonal anti-cytokeratin antibodies. Two-dimensional co-electrophoresis and immunoblotting analysis of S-100 and liver cytokeratins showed that anti-SLA antibodie…

Book Review: Inorganic Chemistry. By D. F. Shriver, P. W. Atkins and C. H. Langford

1990

M. Tracy: Government and Agriculture in Western Europe, 1880–1980, 3.a ed., Herfordshire, Harvester Wheatsheaf, 1989, 382 pp.

1990

In vivo stimulation of murine haematopoiesis by the antineoplastic agent bryostatin-1

1990

Colonization of adrenal glands and ovaries of mice by HSV-2 variants

1990

HSV-2 strain ER was shown to consist of variants with different pathogenic phenotype: Variant ER+ replicates to high titers in the adrenal glands and the ovaries but much less in the spleen; the testes were not colonized. ER+ migrates to the spinal ganglia and is highly neuroinvasive after i.p. inoculation. Variant ER- replicates 100-1,000 fold less in the adrenal glands and the ovaries, but proceeds to the spinal ganglia without invading the CNS. However, both variants are highly neuropathogenic after direct i.c. injection. We conclude that neuropathogenicity, neuroinvasiveness and the ability to replicate in the adrenal glands as well as ovaries are each determined by different sets of ge…

Sulphoevernan, a polyanionic polysaccharide, and the narcissus lectin potently inhibit human immunodeficiency virus infection by binding to viral env…

1990

Sulphoevernan is a sulphated alpha-1----3, 1----4 polyglucan (Mr 20,000) with a helical structure. This compound effectively inhibits both human immunodeficiency virus type 1 (HIV-1) and type 2 infection of cells in vitro at concentrations around 0.5 micrograms/ml. Moreover, the compound completely inhibits HIV-1-induced syncytium formation at a concentration of 1 microgram/ml. Competition experiments with 35S-labelled sulphoevernan revealed that the mannose-specific lectin from Narcissus pseudonarcissus prevented binding of sulphoevernan to HIV-1, whereas the antibody OKT4A did not reduce the amount of sulphoevernan bound to MT-2 cells. These data indicate that the non-cytotoxic polymer su…

Reddening map around ? Orionis

1990

uvbyβ photometry has been done for early-type stars in the surroundings of the shell star α Ori. The reddening maps show the presence of irregularly distributed absorbing material.

Beta decay energies and nuclear masses of148Ba,148La and151Pr

1990

Theβ-decay energy of the neutron-rich isotopes148Ba,148La and151Pr has been measured at the Institute Laue-Langevin (ILL). The148Ba- and148La-nuclei were produced using a high-temperature ion source at the OSTIS separator of this institute, whereas samples of151Pr were obtained from the thermal fission of239Pu, used as a target in the mass separator LOHENGRIN. At both instruments,βγ-coincidences were measured with a plastic scintillator telescope and a Ge(I)-detector, together withβ-singles andγ-singles spectra. Theβ-spectra emitted in coincidence with 44γ-lines in the decay of these nuclei have been evaluated. From their endpoint energies, the followingQβ-values have been obtained:Qβ(148Ba…

Increased susceptibility of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase to proteolytic degradation caused by oxidative treatments

1990

The susceptibility of the chloroplastic enzyme ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase to proteolysis by trypsin, chymotrypsin, proteinase K, and papain is enhanced by oxidative treatments including spontaneous oxidation of cysteines. Proteinases exhibit a high specificity for the oxidized inactive form of the carboxylase, cleaving its large subunit. Treatment of the inactive enzyme with dithiothreitol results in partial recovery of both carboxylase activity and resistance to proteolysis. This behavior may explain the specific degradation of ribulose-1,5-bisphosphate carboxylase/oxygenase that occurs in vivo during leaf senescence.

Crystal and molecular structure of the (1 : 1) clathrate between a calix[4]arene containing onep-nitrophenol unit and toluene

1990

p-(Methyl,tert-butyl, nitro,tert-butyl) calix[4]arene: toluene, C37H41NO6. C7H8,Mr = 687.87, triclinic,\(P\bar 1\),a = 13.668(2),b = 12.187(2),c = 13.231(1) A,α = 106.78(8),β = 77.88(1),γ = 114.00(1)°,V = 1916.8(8) A3,Z = 2,Dx = 1.19 g cm−3,λ (CuKα) = 1.54178 A,μ = 5.90 cm−1,F(000) = 736,T = 293 K, finalR = 0.068 for 6309 observed reflections. This macrocycle, having different substituents at the positionspara to the hydroxyl groups, is the first one of its type to be studied. The general conformation of this calix[4]arene is compared to similar symmetrical ones. Thetert-butyl groups are not disordered as is usual and toluene is retained between the macrocycles. Two calixarene molecules are…

Thousandfold improvement in the measured antiproton mass

1990

Comparisons of antiproton and proton cyclotron frequencies yield the ratio of inertial masses M(p¯)/M(p)=0.999 999 977 ±0.000 000 042. The fractional uncertainty of 4×10−8 is 1000 times more accurate than previous measurements of this ratio using exotic atoms and is the most precise test of CPT invariance with baryons. Independent comparisons to electrons yield the mass ratios M(p¯)/M(e−)=1836.152 660±0.000 083 and M(p)/M(e−) =1836.152 680±0.000 088. Cryogenic antiprotons (near 4 K) stored in a Penning trap for 2 months establish directly a lifetime greater than 3.4 months.

17O NMR and molecular mechanical studies of arylmethylenemalonaldehydes

1990

The 17O NMR spectra of six different arylmethylenemalonaldehydes were measured for various solvents and temperatures. The 17O NMR chemical shifts and line widths of the carbonyl oxygens of the malonaldehyde fragment show a clear variation in the series of monoaryl compounds studied. The differences between the 17O NMR chemical shifts of the formyl oxygens correlate well with two conformationally dependent 1H–1H and 1H–13C coupling constants for the same compounds. Molecular mechanical calculations were also performed in order to relate the present data with the conformational preferences of the malonaldehyde fragment of the arylmethylenemalonaldehydes.

The validity of animal models of depression in the identification of antidepressant drugs

1990

Study of interacting bands of silane: Analysis of infrared and Raman spectra

1990

Abstract The ν 1 ν 3 interacting bands of natural silane have been studied by Fourier transform spectroscopy and stimulated Raman spectroscopy, respectively, in the regions 2040–2320 and 2180–2187 cm−1. These data combined with available microwave observations have been analyzed using a reduced effective Hamiltonian developed through the fifth order for 28SiH4 and through the fourth order for 29SiH4 and 30SiH4. The observed infrared and Raman transitions have been very well reproduced with a standard deviation of about 0.0004 cm−1 for 28SiH4. Some anomalies in the Hamiltonian expansion have been found, but they did not perturb the analysis.

Prognostisch relevante Faktoren beim follikul�ren Schilddr�senkarzinom

1990

Die Therapie beim follikularen Schilddrusenkarzinom wird teilweise kontrovers diskutiert. Zur Uberprufung der fur die Prognose relevanten Faktoren wurde das Krankengut der Klinik und Poliklinik fur Allgemein- und Abdominalchirurgie der Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz vom 1. 1. 1964 bis zum 31. 12. 1987 retrospektiv analysiert. In diesem Zeitraum wurden 76 Patienten mit einem follikularen Schilddrusenkarzinom behandelt. Von prognostischer Relevanz waren: 1. ein multifokales Tumorwachstum, 2. die pT-Einteilung, 3. eine Gefasinvasion, 4. das Tumorstadium, 5. der Differenzierungsgrad, 6. Fernmetastasen. Aufgrund der prognostischen Relevanz eines multifokalen Tumorwachstums sowie eines tend…

Monte Carlo study of the ising model phase transition in terms of the percolation transition of “physical clusters”

1990

Finite squareL×L Ising lattices with ferromagnetic nearest neighbor interaction are simulated using the Swendsen-Wang cluster algorithm. Both thermal properties (internal energyU, specific heatC, magnetization 〈|M|〉, susceptibilityχ) and percolation cluster properties relating to the “physical clusters,” namely the Fortuin-Kasteleyn clusters (percolation probability 〈P∞〉, percolation susceptibilityχp, cluster size distributionnl) are evaluated, paying particular attention to finite-size effects. It is shown that thermal properties can be expressed entirely in terms of cluster properties, 〈P∞〉 being identical to 〈|M|〉 in the thermodynamic limit, while finite-size corrections differ. In contr…

Wertigkeit der pr�operativen Diagnostik beim Mesenterialgef��verschlu�

1990

In einer prospektiven Studie wurde die Wertigkeit der praoperativen Diagnostik beim Mesenterialgefasverschlus am Krankengut der Chirurgischen Klinik der Johannes Gutenberg-Universitat Mainz uberpruft. Vom 1.9. 1985 bis zum 31. 8. 1989 wurden 46 Patienten (24 Manner, 22 Frauen) mit einem Durchschnittsalter von 67,2 Jahren wegen eines Mesenterialgefasverschlusses behandelt. In je 17 Fallen lag eine arterielle oder venose Thrombose, bei 10 Patienten eine Embolie und in 2 Fallen ein non-okklusiver Mesenterialgefasverschlus vor. 26 Patienten (26,5%) sind postoperativ verstorben. Aufgrund der klinischen Symptomatik wurde in 19 von 29 Fallen (65,5%) Verdacht auf einen Mesenterialgefasverschlus gea…

In vitro activity of the new semi-synthetic polypeptide cilofungin (LY121019) against Aspergillus and Candida species.

1990

The in vitro activity of cilofungin (LY121019), a new semi-synthetic antifungal agent was evaluated. Potent activity was seen against Candida albicans and Candida tropicalis, with almost identical MIC and MFC results, whereas no activity was seen against any isolates of Candida parapsilosis or three Aspergillus spp. However, MICs were dependent on medium and test conditions chosen. It is concluded that cilofungin has good activity against some medically important yeasts in vitro, and that its in vitro activity depends on the method used.

Cellular cytotoxicity against autologous hepatocytes in children with different forms of chronic hepatitis B.

1990

Cell-mediated immune reactions play the most important role in the pathogenesis of chronic viral and auto-immune hepatitis. Cellular cytotoxicity (CC) of peripheral blood lymphocytes against autologous hepatocytes isolated from liver biopsies was studied in 29 children with different types of hepatitis B surface antigen (HBsAg)-positive hepatitis. Children with chronic hepatitis B showed higher cytotoxicity than control patients. However, a correlation of cytotoxicity to serum amino-transferases, HBeAg-/Anti-HBe-status, and hepatitis B virus DNA in serum could not be found. Children with a higher percentage of hepatitis B core antigen (HBcAg) expression in their liver tissue presented lower…