showing 36 of ~574560 from 574555 documents
Repeatability and Reliability of the Rheumatoid Arthritis Foot Disease Activity Index in Spanish Patients: A Transcultural Adaptation
2021
Simple Summary The Rheumatoid Arthritis Foot Disease Activity Index (RADAI-F5) is the first questionnaire designed to check the level of involvement in the feet of patients with rheumatoid arthritis. It is a validated and reliable five-question questionnaire in English. It is also considered suitable for clinical use. We aim was to translate and validate the Spanish version. The findings of this research suggest that is a valid, strong and trustworthy clinimetric tool that appropriately applies to the Spanish community and can be managed as a whole or in terms of its respective dimensions, such as arthritis activity in the foot, joint tenderness and swelling, and foot arthritis pain sub-sca…
The Role of Religion in Young Muslims’ and Christians’ Self-presentation on Social Media
2021
This article examines how young Muslims and Christians with ethnic minority backgrounds in Oslo reflect on their use of social media as a way to present themselves and their religiosity. The study draws upon Arlie Hochschild’s concepts of feeling rules and emotional labour and Erving Goffman’s typology of frontstage and backstage behaviour to analyse how young Muslims and Christian informants present themselves on social media. For minority groups, these strategies can be used to negotiate religion and create a different image. This study shows that both Christian and Muslim youth with minority backgrounds use different strategies to present their religiosity. Even though all the informant…
Pathogenetic Mechanisms of Hypertension-Brain-Induced Complications: Focus on Molecular Mediators.
2021
There is growing evidence that hypertension is the most important vascular risk factor for the development and progression of cardiovascular and cerebrovascular diseases. The brain is an early target of hypertension-induced organ damage and may manifest as stroke, subclinical cerebrovascular abnormalities and cognitive decline. The pathophysiological mechanisms of these harmful effects remain to be completely clarified. Hypertension is well known to alter the structure and function of cerebral blood vessels not only through its haemodynamics effects but also for its relationships with endothelial dysfunction, oxidative stress and inflammation. In the last several years, new possible mechani…
TRAIL Triggers CRAC-Dependent Calcium Influx and Apoptosis through the Recruitment of Autophagy Proteins to Death-Inducing Signaling Complex
2021
Tumor necrosis factor-related apoptosis-inducing ligand (TRAIL) selectively kills various cancer cell types, but also leads to the activation of signaling pathways that favor resistance to cell death. Here, we investigated the as yet unknown roles of calcium signaling and autophagy regulatory proteins during TRAIL-induced cell death in leukemia cells. Taking advantage of the Gene Expression Profiling Interactive Analysis (GEPIA) project, we first found that leukemia patients present a unique TRAIL receptor gene expression pattern that may reflect their resistance to TRAIL. The exposure of NB4 acute promyelocytic leukemia cells to TRAIL induces intracellular Ca2+ influx through a calcium rel…
How Does the pH of Tree Bark Change with the Presence of the Epiphytic Bryophytes from the Family Orthotrichaceae in the Interaction with Trunk Incli…
2021
The pH of tree bark is affected by many factors, amongst them epiphytic bryophytes changing in their active state environment. Thus, we hypothesized that bryophytes can change bark acidity, dependently of the inclination of the branches, as inclination affect the water regime and particle deposition. We measured the pH under bryophyte cushions and compared it to nearby naked bark. Additionally, we compared results with experimental bark covering with neutral cover. We found that the pH of naked bark declines with decreasing inclination of trunks. Although bryophyte cover did not generally change the pH of the bark, there was a significant interaction with inclination: with higher inclinatio…
Effectiveness of sodium acetate treatment on the mechanical properties and morphology of natural fiber-reinforced composites
2021
This paper aims to investigate the ability of an eco-friendly and cheap treatment based on sodium acetate solutions to improve the mechanical properties of flax fiber-reinforced composites. Flax fibers were treated for 5 days (i.e., 120 h) at 25 °C with mildly alkaline solutions at 5%, 10% and 20% weight content of the sodium salt. Quasi-static tensile and flexural tests, Charpy impact tests and dynamical mechanical thermal (DMTA) tests were carried out to evaluate the mechanical properties of the resulting composites. Fourier transform infrared analysis (FTIR) was used to evaluate the chemical modification on the fibers surface due to the proposed treatment, whereas scanning electron micro…
A new design problem in the formulation of a special moment resisting connection device for preventing local buckling
2021
In the present paper an improved formulation devoted to the optimal design problem of a special moment resisting connection device for steel frames is proposed. This innovative device is called a Limited Resistance Plastic Device (LRPD) and it has been recently proposed and patented by some of the authors. It is thought to be preferably located at the extremes of the beam, connecting the beam end cross section with the relevant column. The typical device is a steel element characterized by symmetry with respect to three orthogonal barycentric planes and constituted by a sequence of three portions with abrupt cross section changes. The main novelty of the present proposal is related to the d…
Child-researcher relationships in child protection research : an integrative review
2021
In research with children, particularly those in contact with social and health services, researchers face ethical challenges and have stringent ethical obligations. One obligation regards the need for researchers to adopt a reflexive approach to considering how children’s perspectives and experiences are represented. In this paper, the nature of child-researcher relationships and researchers’ positions are examined to further understanding of how to account for the impact of contexts on meaning making in research with children. An integrative literature review of articles concerned with child protection identified a paucity of researcher accounts of reflexivity. The review articles contain…
Editorial: Seismicity in Volcanic Areas
2021
International audience
Associations Between Student‐Athletes’ Self‐Esteem and Career Adaptability Across the High School Years
2021
The key challenges in sustainable elite sports concern young athletes´ holistic development. Consequently, preparation for dual careers has been recommended to enhance athletes’ well-being and equip them for life after sports. The aim of this study was to examine the developmental associations between self-esteem and career adaptability among adolescent athletes across the high school years and investigate the role of gender in these developmental trajectories. A total of 391 student-athletes were followed up four times from the beginning of high school (T1) to its end (T4) using the Dual Career Form of the Career Adapt-Abilities Scale and the Self-Esteem Questionnaire. The results indicate…
Palabras tejidas: método y uso de un tesauro multilingüe de la seda
2021
El patrimonio europeo de la seda es un patrimonio integral que abarca tanto bienes materiales (telares, tejidos, hilos, etc.) como un importante patrimonio inmaterial lingüístico. Su importancia como patrimonio es indudable, pero aunque la seda ha tejido Europa y se sigue utilizando en numerosos contextos, la tejeduría tradicional está en riesgo por la pérdida gradual de artesanos que salvaguarden el conocimiento ancestral. Además, la seda sigue siendo relevante para las personas que experimentan conexiones vivas, personales y sociales con este patrimonio, el cual está vinculado a tantas historias de vida y relatos colectivos que ha generado numerosos vocablos propios. El modo en que se han…
Stieltjes Differential Inclusions with Periodic Boundary Conditions without Upper Semicontinuity
2021
We are studying first order differential inclusions with periodic boundary conditions where the Stieltjes derivative with respect to a left-continuous non-decreasing function replaces the classical derivative. The involved set-valued mapping is not assumed to have compact and convex values, nor to be upper semicontinuous concerning the second argument everywhere, as in other related works. A condition involving the contingent derivative relative to the non-decreasing function (recently introduced and applied to initial value problems by R.L. Pouso, I.M. Marquez Albes, and J. Rodriguez-Lopez) is imposed on the set where the upper semicontinuity and the assumption to have compact convex value…
Determination of Glyphosate and AMPA in Food Samples Using Membrane Extraction Technique for Analytes Preconcentration
2021
The method for determining glyphosate (NPG) and its metabolite AMPA (aminomethyl phosphonic acid) in solid food samples using UAE-SLM-HPLC–PDA technique was developed. Firstly, ultrasonic-assisted solvent extraction (UAE) and protein precipitation step were used for the analyte isolation. Then, the supernatant was evaporated to dryness and redissolved in distilled water (100 mL). The obtained solution was alkalized to pH 11 (with 1 M NaOH) and used directly as donor phase in SLM (supported liquid membrane) extraction. The SLM extraction was performed using 2 M NaCl (5 mL) as an acceptor phase. The flow rate of both phases (donor and acceptor) was set at 0.2 mL/min. The membrane extraction t…
Safety of Dietary Guanidinoacetic Acid: A Villain of a Good Guy?
2021
Guanidinoacetic acid (GAA) is a natural amino acid derivative that is well-recognized for its central role in the biosynthesis of creatine, an essential compound involved in cellular energy metabolism. GAA (also known as glycocyamine or betacyamine) has been investigated as an energy-boosting dietary supplement in humans for more than 70 years. GAA is suggested to effectively increase low levels of tissue creatine and improve clinical features of cardiometabolic and neurological diseases, with GAA often outcompeting traditional bioenergetics agents in maintaining ATP status during stress. This perhaps happens due to a favorable delivery of GAA through specific membrane transporters (such as…
Oxidative Stress Markers in Hypertrophic Cardiomyopathy
2021
Background and Objectives: Hypertrophic cardiomyopathy (HCM) depends on the primary impairment of sarcomeres, but it can also be associated with secondary alterations in the heart related to oxidative stress. The present study aimed to examine oxidative-antioxidant disturbances in patients with HCM compared with control individuals. Materials and Methods: We enrolled 52 consecutive HCM patients and 97 controls without HCM. The groups were matched for age, body mass index, and sex. Peripheral blood was collected from all patients to determine the total antioxidant capacity (TAC), total oxidant status (TOS), lipid hydroperoxide (LPH), and malondialdehyde (MDA). The oxidative stress index (OSI…
First-principles modelling for time-resolved ARPES under different pump-probe conditions
2021
First-principles methods for time-resolved angular resolved photoelectron spectroscopy play a pivotal role in providing interpretation and microscopic understanding of the complex experimental data and in exploring novel observables or observation conditions that may be achieved in future experiments. Here we describe an efficient, reliable and scalable first-principles method for tr-ARPES based on time-dependent density functional theory including propagation and surface effects usually discarded in the widely used many-body techniques based on computing the non-equilibrium spectral function and discuss its application to a variety of pump–probe conditions. We identify four conditions, dep…
On Unsupervised Methods for Medical Image Segmentation: Investigating Classic Approaches in Breast Cancer DCE-MRI
2021
Unsupervised segmentation techniques, which do not require labeled data for training and can be more easily integrated into the clinical routine, represent a valid solution especially from a clinical feasibility perspective. Indeed, large-scale annotated datasets are not always available, undermining their immediate implementation and use in the clinic. Breast cancer is the most common cause of cancer death in women worldwide. In this study, breast lesion delineation in Dynamic Contrast Enhanced MRI (DCE-MRI) series was addressed by means of four popular unsupervised segmentation approaches: Split-and-Merge combined with Region Growing (SMRG), k-means, Fuzzy C-Means (FCM), and spatial FCM (…
Mechanistic Origins of the pH Dependency in Au-Catalyzed Glycerol Electro-oxidation: Insight from First-Principles Calculations
2021
Electrocatalytic oxidation of glycerol (EOG) is an attractive approach to convert surplus glycerol to value-added products. Experiments have shown that EOG activity and selectivity depend not only on the electrocatalyst but also on the electrode potential, the pH, and the electrolyte. For broadly employed gold (Au) electrocatalysts, experiments have demonstrated high EOG activity under alkaline conditions with glyceric acid as a primary product, whereas under acidic and neutral conditions Au is almost inactive producing only small amounts of dihydroxyacetone. In the present computational work, we have performed an extensive mechanistic study to understand the pH and potential dependency of …
Platelets accumulate in lung lesions of tuberculosis patients and inhibit T-cell responses and Mycobacterium tuberculosis replication in macrophages
2021
: Platelets regulate human inflammatory responses that lead to disease. However, the role of platelets in tuberculosis (TB) pathogenesis is still unclear. Here, we show that patients with active TB have a high number of platelets in peripheral blood and a low number of lymphocytes leading to a high platelets to lymphocytes ratio (PL ratio). Moreover, the serum concentration of different mediators promoting platelet differentiation or associated with platelet activation is increased in active TB. Immunohistochemistry analysis shows that platelets localise around the lung granuloma lesions in close contact with T lymphocytes and macrophages. Transcriptomic analysis of caseous tissue of human …
The Mental Health of Caregivers and Their Patients With Dementia During the COVID-19 Pandemic: A Systematic Review
2021
Background: Coronavirus Disease 2019 (COVID-19) is a worldwide public health concern. It continues to spread rapidly throughout the world causing multiple physical and psychological consequences in the population. Especially, people affected by severe psychiatric or neurological diseases are highly susceptible to serious health complications not only due to the direct effect of the infection but also to the indirect effect of COVID-19 following social distancing during lockdowns and its general social consequences. Indeed, lockdown and difficulties in using the care services produced psychological consequences in caregivers such as depression, anxiety, and worsening of the quality of life w…
Sulfonamide moiety as "molecular chimera" in the design of new drugs.
2021
Background: The -SO2NH- group is of great significance in modern pharmaceutical use since, in sulfa-drugs, it is possible to introduce easily chemical modifications, and even small changes may lead to an improved version of an already existing drug. Objective: This paper aims to describe updated information in the sulfonamide field with a particular focus on new mechanisms of action, especially if discovered by employing computational approaches. Methods: Research articles that focused on the use of the sulfonamide moiety for the design, synthesis, and in vitro/in vivo tests of various diseases were collected from various search engines like PubMed, Science Direct, Google Scholar, and Scop…
Incompatibilismo humanista: Una contrapropuesta del neuroabolicionismo penal
2021
El incompatibilismo humanista sostiene que el libre albedrío es un concepto incompatible con las verdades deterministas e indeterministas de la ciencia, pero plantea la dignidad humana como límite a cualquier desarrollo de la ciencia y la justicia. El presente artículo realiza un recorrido histórico y conceptual alrededor del determinismo, indeterminismo, compatibilismo e incompatibilismo. Posteriormente, introduce al problema que la neurociencia provoca para la teoría del delito y la culpabilidad penal. Más adelante, presenta algunas críticas al compatibilismo humanista y postula al incompatibilismo humanista como una contrapropuesta abolicionista del derecho penal. El artículo finaliza co…
Forskning på bredden av vetenskapsområdet
2021
De flesta skolämnen har på universitetsnivån en moderdisciplin som värnar om forskningen i ämnets substansfrågor. Slöjd är ett skolämne som saknar en motsvarande moderdisciplin. Till exempel i Finland är slöjd ett eget vetenskapsområde, men placerat inom de pedagogiska vetenskaperna. Slöjd är dock ett mångfasetterat fenomen som behöver studeras i hela sin bredd för att utvecklas, inte enbart som ett skolämne. Syftet med denna artikel är att diskutera behovet av och utmaningar med forskning på bredden, d.v.s. forskning som tar fasta på både slöjdens kärna, den skapande processen och andra slöjdperspektiv. I artikeln diskuteras problematiken på ett teoretiskt allmänt plan. Den teoretiska dis…
Los bienes comunes en el pensamiento de Stefano Rodotà
2021
El trabajo se ha desarrollado en el marco del proyecto de investigación BICOM. Bienes comunes: articulación cívica y jurídica (CAMUAM, SI/PJI/2019- 00474), codirigido por Ricardo Cueva y Luis Lloredo. También se ha participado con el proyecto Vulnus (INV-IGU159- 2021).
The role of the results of functional tests and psychological factors on prediction of injuries in adolescent female football players
2021
Football is a popular sport among adolescent females. Given the rate of injuries in female footballers, identifying factors that can predict injuries are important. These injuries are often caused by complex reasons. The aim of this study was to investigate if the combination of demographic (age, number of training and match play hours/week), psychosocial (perceived stress, adaptive coping strategies) and physiological factors (functional performance) can predict a traumatic injury in adolescent female footballers. A cohort consisting of 419 female football players aged 13–16 years was established. Baseline questionnaires covered potential risk factors for sport injuries, and measurem…
El derecho de la globalización neoliberal como marco limitador de la promoción de los comunes. Un análisis desde el derecho público
2021
Este artículo plantea que la ampliación del ámbito de los comunes va a requerir su institucionalización jurídica o, al menos, su promoción por el ordenamiento jurídico. Ello con independencia de la concepción que se mantenga del término comunes. Un término que se concibe de muy diferentes maneras. Se analizan los principales cambios producidos en el derecho público como consecuencia de la globalización neoliberal. Distinguiendo aquellas transformaciones que están más vinculadas al neoliberalismo y aquellas que están más relacionadas con la globalización. Estos cambios delimitan un marco jurídico general que restringe las posibilidades de desarrollo político y/o jurídico de los comunes. This…
Plasmonic Resonant Nanoantennas Induce Changes in the Shape and the Intensity of Infrared Spectra of Phospholipids.
2021
Surface enhanced infrared absorption spectroscopic studies (SEIRAS) as a technique to study biological molecules in extremely low concentrations is greatly evolving. In order to use the technique for identification of the structure and interactions of such biological molecules, it is necessary to identify the effects of the plasmonic electric-field enhancement on the spectral signature. In this study the spectral properties of 1,2-Dipalmitoyl-sn-glycero-3 phosphothioethanol (DPPTE) phospholipid immobilized on gold nanoantennas, specifically designed to enhance the vibrational fingerprints of lipid molecules were studied. An AFM study demonstrates an organization of the DPPTE phospholipid in…
TALPID3/KIAA0586 Regulates Multiple Aspects of Neuromuscular Patterning During Gastrointestinal Development in Animal Models and Human
2021
TALPID3/KIAA0586 is an evolutionary conserved protein, which plays an essential role in protein trafficking. Its role during gastrointestinal (GI) and enteric nervous system (ENS) development has not been studied previously. Here, we analyzed chicken, mouse and human embryonic GI tissues with TALPID3 mutations. The GI tract of TALPID3 chicken embryos was shortened and malformed. Histologically, the gut smooth muscle was mispatterned and enteric neural crest cells were scattered throughout the gut wall. Analysis of the Hedgehog pathway and gut extracellular matrix provided causative reasons for these defects. Interestingly, chicken intra-species grafting experiments and a conditional knockou…
Más allá de lo constituido. Lo común como hipótesis jurídico-constitucional
2021
En la tarea de ir más allá de lo instituido/constituido, el debate y las prácticas sobre los (bienes) comunes están alcanzando un claro protagonismo. El punto de partida, especialmente por lo que respecta a la reflexión constitucional, se hallaría en la contrastada insuficiencia del discurso de los derechos ante la capacidad de acaparamiento privado (y también público) de los recursos y servicios colectivos. Frente a ello, el presente texto trata de mostrar la dimensión constitucional del debate sobre lo común, a través de su engarce con la institucionalidad público-estatal y su capacidad destituyente/constituyente. A partir de ahí, se proponen elementos para pensar un Derecho del Común y u…
Synthesis of Hybrid Tripeptide Peptidomimetics Containing Dehydroamino Acid and Aminophosphonic Acid in the Chain and Evaluation of Their Activity to…
2021
Synthesis of a new group of hybrid phosphonodehydropeptides composed of glycyl-(Z)-dehydrophenylalanine and structurally variable aminophosphonates alongside with investigations of their activity towards cathepsin C are presented. Obtained results suggest that the introduction of (Z)- dehydrophenylalanine residue into the short phosphonopeptide chain does induce the ordered conformation. Investigated peptides appeared to act as weak or moderate inhibitors of cathepsin C.
Litterært engasjement og innlevelse i bildebokapper
2021
I denne artikkelen settes søkelyset på den litterære opplevelsen når barn leser bildebokapper i små grupper i barnehagen. Vi ser på hvordan det Rosenblatt (1994) kaller estetisk lesemåte kan komme til uttrykk i lesernes engasjement og innlevelse. Vi har gjort et strategisk utvalg av eksempler fra et empirisk materiale med totalt 24 filmer av applesing i barnehager, der barna enkeltvis og som gruppe viser et stort engasjement. Analysen søker å svare på spørsmålet: Hva er det som skaper dette engasjementet blant barna? Og hvordan blir engasjementet ivaretatt i samspill med barnehagelæreren som leder lesingen? I analysen utdyper vi den estetiske lesemåten ved hjelp av Marie-Laure Ryans (2015, …
METHOD FOR MANUFACTURING A UV-RADIATION DETECTOR DEVICE BASED ON SIC, AND UV-RADIATION DETECTOR DEVICE BASED ON SIC
2021
Decisioni sul termine della vita e donazione degli organi. Spunti comparatistici per una futura disciplina
2021
The essay focuses on organ donation as a possible choice for those patients seeking euthanasia or assisted suicide whose informed and free consent has to be carefully preserved. In that case, indeed, concern for the welfare of others, on the one hand, and dying for having relief from illness, on the other hand, could confusedly converge in the will of a vulnerable person receiving medical treatments. The Dutch and the Belgian statutory frameworks governing organ donation after euthanasia can shed light on this such ethical theme involving human dignity that should be ignored by the Italian legislator anymore.
Los bienes comunes como aproximación materialista al problema del bien común: una réplica a Ermanno Vitale
2021
Este artículo pretende ser una réplica a alguno de los planteamientos críticos que ha desarrollado Ermanno Vitale contra las teorías de los bienes comunes, especialmente contra las teorías benecomunistas que han florecido en el debate político y académico italiano. En particular, pretende responder a una conferencia pronunciada por el filósofo italiano en diciembre de 2020 –cuyo texto se reproduce en este mismo número de la revista–, en la que propuso rechazar las doctrinas de los comunes, en favor de la clásica noción del bien común. Aquí se sostendrá que, en realidad, las teorías de los comunes constituyen la única estrategia interesante para replantear el concepto de bien común en la act…
Measuring the Developmental Function of Peer Review: A Multi-Dimensional, Cross-Disciplinary Analysis of Peer Review Reports from 740 Academic Journa…
2021
Reviewers do not only help editors to screen manuscripts for publication in academic journals; they also serve to increase the rigor and value of manuscripts by constructive feedback. However, measuring this developmental function of peer review is difficult as it requires fine-grained data on reports and journals without any optimal benchmark. To fill this gap, we adapted a recently proposed quality assessment tool and tested it on a sample of 1.3 million reports submitted to 740 Elsevier journals in 2018–2020. Results showed that the developmental standards of peer review are shared across areas of research, yet with remarkable differences. Reports submitted to social science and economic…
Creating the Socio-technical Context Needed to Derive Benefits from Big Data Initiatives in Healthcare
2021
The application of big data in healthcare typifies a complex socio-technical sys- tem. However, although research and practice have advanced the technical aspects of big data, comparable advancements in the social aspects (i.e., human and structural aspects) are lagging. Literature, especially on socio-technical theory, suggests that organizations may only derive benefits from big data initiatives when technical initiatives are adequate- ly complemented by social interventions. Thus, seeing that big data is receiving consider- able attention in healthcare, researchers have called for further research into the social aspects of the application of big data in healthcare. Adopting a socio-tech…