Search results for " DIETA"

showing 10 items of 229 documents

Sex differences in food choices, adherence to dietary recommendations and plasma lipid profile in type 2 diabetes - The TOSCA.IT study

2016

Background and aims: Diabetic women have a more adverse plasma lipid profile than men. Sex differences in dietary habits may play a role, but are little investigated. The study evaluates the quality of diet, adherence to the nutritional recommendations of the Diabetes and Nutrition Study Group and their relation with plasma lipid in men and women with diabetes. Methods and results: We studied 2573 people, aged 50e75, enrolled in the TOSCA.IT study (clinicaltrials.gov; NCT00700856). Plasma lipids were measured centrally. Diet was assessed with a semi-quantitative food frequency questionnaire.Women had a more adverse plasma lipid profile than men.Women consumed significantly more legumes, veg…

MaleTime FactorsHealthy DietEndocrinology Diabetes and MetabolismSaturated fatMedicine (miscellaneous)Type 2 diabetesCardiovascular risk factors; Diabetes; Dietary habits; Men; Nutritional recommendations; Sex differences; Women; Medicine (miscellaneous); Nutrition and Dietetics; Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism; Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineDiabeteRecommended Dietary AllowancesChoice Behaviorchemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineEndocrinologyRisk FactorsCardiovascular risk factors; Diabetes; Dietary habits; Men; Nutritional recommendations; Sex differences; Women; Aged; Biomarkers; Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Female; Food Preferences; Humans; Italy; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Nutrition Assessment; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Choice Behavior; Feeding Behavior; Healthy Diet; Patient Compliance; Recommended Dietary Allowances; Medicine (miscellaneous); Endocrinology Diabetes and Metabolism; Nutrition and Dietetics; Cardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineSurveys and QuestionnairesFood choiceMedicine030212 general & internal medicineFood scienceCardiovascular risk factorsNutrition and DieteticsDietary habitsDiabetesMenMiddle AgedLipidsDiabetes and MetabolismTreatment OutcomeItalySaturated fatty acidFemaleDiet HealthyCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineType 2030209 endocrinology & metabolismAdded sugarDietary habit03 medical and health sciencesFood PreferencesSex FactorsDiabetes mellitusSex differencesDiabetes MellitusHumansWomenAgedCardiovascular risk factors; Diabetes; Dietary habits; Men; Nutritional recommendations; Sex differences; Women; Aged; Biomarkers; Diabetes Mellitus Type 2; Female; Food Preferences; Humans; Italy; Lipids; Male; Middle Aged; Nutrition Assessment; Risk Factors; Sex Factors; Surveys and Questionnaires; Time Factors; Treatment Outcome; Choice Behavior; Diet Healthy; Feeding Behavior; Patient Compliance; Recommended Dietary AllowancesHealthybusiness.industryUnsaturated fatNutritional recommendationFeeding BehaviorSex differencemedicine.diseaseDietNutrition AssessmentchemistryDiabetes Mellitus Type 2Patient ComplianceNutritional recommendationsGlycated hemoglobinbusinessBiomarkers
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Wheat Consumption Aggravates Colitis in Mice via Amylase Trypsin Inhibitor–mediated Dysbiosis

2020

Background & Aims Wheat has become the world's major staple and its consumption correlates with prevalence of noncommunicable disorders such as inflammatory bowel diseases. Amylase trypsin inhibitors (ATIs), a component of wheat, activate the intestine's innate immune response via toll-like receptor 4 (TLR4). We investigated the effects of wheat and ATIs on severity of colitis and fecal microbiota in mice. Methods C57BL/6 wild-type and Tlr4–/– mice were fed wheat- or ATI-containing diets or a wheat-free (control) diet and then given dextran sodium sulfate to induce colitis; we also studied Il10–/– mice, which develop spontaneous colitis. Changes in fecal bacteria were assessed by taxa-speci…

MaleTrypsin inhibitorPlant Proteins DietarySeverity of Illness IndexInflammatory bowel diseaseMicrobiologyFecesMicemedicineAnimalsHumansAmylaseColitisTriticumFecesMice KnockoutHepatologybiologyDextran SulfateGastroenterologyfood and beveragesFecal Microbiota TransplantationColitisInflammatory Bowel Diseasesmedicine.diseaseAnimal FeedImmunity InnateGastrointestinal MicrobiomeToll-Like Receptor 4TransplantationDisease Models Animalbiology.proteinTLR4DysbiosisTrypsin InhibitorsDysbiosisSignal TransductionGastroenterology
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Fatty liver in familial hypobetalipoproteinemia: triglyceride assembly into VLDL particles is affected by the extent of hepatic steatosis

2003

Familial hypobetalipoproteinemia (FHBL) subjects may develop fatty liver. Liver fat was assessed in 21 FHBL with six different apolipoprotein B (apoB) truncations (apoB-4 to apoB-89) and 14 controls by magnetic resonance spectroscopy (MRS). Liver fat percentages were 16.7 +/- 11.5 and 3.3 +/- 2.9 (mean +/- SD) (P = 0.001). Liver fat percentage was positively correlated with body mass index, waist circumference, and areas under the insulin curves of 2 h glucose tolerance tests, suggesting that obesity may affect the severity of liver fat accumulation in both groups. Despite 5-fold differences in liver fat percentage, mean values for obesity and insulin indexes were similar. Thus, for similar…

MaleVery low-density lipoproteinSettore MED/09 - Medicina InternaApolipoprotein Bmedicine.medical_treatmentPalmitic AcidLipoproteins VLDLSeverity of Illness IndexTriglyceridevery low density lipoprotein assemblyBiochemistryBody Mass IndexMagnetic resonence spectroscopy; Nonalcoholic fatty liver; Nonesterified fatty acids; Very low density lipoprotein assembly; Adult; Body Mass Index; Dietary Fats; Fatty Liver; Female; Glucose Tolerance Test; Humans; Hypobetalipoproteinemias; Insulin Resistance; Lipoproteins VLDL; Liver Diseases; Male; Middle Aged; Obesity; Palmitic Acids; Severity of Illness Index; Triglycerides; EndocrinologyHypobetalipoproteinemiaschemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyDietary FatGlucose tolerance testmedicine.diagnostic_testbiologyChemistryLiver DiseasesLiver DiseaseFatty liverMiddle AgedFemalemagnetic resonence spectroscopyHumanAdultmedicine.medical_specialtyPalmitic Acidsnonesterified fatty acidsQD415-436Internal medicinemedicinenonalcoholic fatty liverHumansObesityTriglyceridesTriglycerideInsulinNonesterified fatty acidCell BiologyGlucose Tolerance Testmedicine.diseaseDietary FatsFatty LiverEndocrinologybiology.proteinHypobetalipoproteinemiaInsulin ResistanceSteatosisHypobetalipoproteinemiaJournal of Lipid Research
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Mercury exposure and risk of cardiovascular disease: a nested case-control study in the PREDIMED (PREvention with MEDiterranean Diet) study

2017

Background: Substantial evidence suggests that consuming 1-2 servings of fish per week, particularly oily fish (e.g., salmon, herring, sardines) is beneficial for cardiovascular health due to its high n-3 polyunsaturated fatty acid content. However, there is some concern that the mercury content in fish may increase cardiovascular disease risk, but this relationship remains unclear. Methods: The PREDIMED trial included 7477 participants who were at high risk for cardiovascular disease at baseline. In this study, we evaluated associations between mercury exposure, fish consumption and cardiovascular disease. We randomly selected 147 of the 288 cases diagnosed with cardiovascular disease duri…

Malecompuestos de metilmercurioTime Factorsmodelos logísticosMediterranean diethumanos030204 cardiovascular system & hematologyDiet MediterraneanRecommended Dietary AllowancesDieta mediterrània1471-22610302 clinical medicineRisk Factorsestudios prospectivosevaluación de riesgosOdds RatioOily fishWater Pollutants030212 general & internal medicineProspective StudiesToenail biomarkeruñasmediana edadCiències de la salutAged 80 and overeducation.field_of_studyBioquímica y tecnologíaanciano:Ciencias de la Salud::Salud pública [Materias Investigacion]dietaMALALTIES CARDIOVASCULARSMethylmercury CompoundsMiddle Agedcontaminantes del aguaCardiovascular diseaseCiencias de la saludcociente de probabilidades relativasBiochemistry and technologyCardiovascular DiseasesBody BurdenFemaleCardiology and Cardiovascular Medicinecantidad dietética recomendadaResearch ArticlePREDIMEDmedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationestudios de casos y controlesenfermedades cardiovasculareschemistry.chemical_elementFood ContaminationSistema cardiovascular malaltiesBioquímica i biotecnologiaRisk Assessment03 medical and health sciencesalimentos del marfactores de tiempoEnvironmental healthMediterranean dietmedicineHumansfactores de riesgoMercuri -- Toxicologiaanálisis multifactorialeducationCardivascular diseaseAgedbusiness.industryCase-control studyHealth sciencesOdds ratioMercuryProtective FactorsSurgeryMercury (element)DietLogistic ModelsFishchemistrySeafoodNailsSpainRelative riskCase-Control StudiesNested case-control studyMultivariate AnalysisbusinessWater Pollutants Chemicalcarga corporal
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Dietary Quality Changes According to the Preceding Maximum Weight: A Longitudinal Analysis in the PREDIMED-Plus Randomized Trial

2020

One-year dietary quality change according to the preceding maximum weight in a lifestyle intervention program (PREDIMED-Plus trial, 55–75-year-old overweight or obese adults; n = 5695) was assessed. A validated food frequency questionnaire was used to assess dietary intake. A total of 3 groups were made according to the difference between baseline measured weight and lifetime maximum reported weight: (a) participants entering the study at their maximum weight, (b) moderate weight loss maintainers (WLM), and (c) large WLM. Data were analyzed by General Linear Model. All participants improved average lifestyle. Participants entering the study at their maximum weight were the most susceptible …

Malecumplimiento del pacienteMediterranean diethumanosOverweightDiet Mediterraneanlaw.inventionencuestas sobre dietasClinical trials0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled trialBehavior TherapyWeight losslawestudios prospectivosWeight managementMedicineLongitudinal StudiesProspective Studies030212 general & internal medicineskin and connective tissue diseasesmediana edadancianoNutrition and Dieteticssobrepesodietaresultado del tratamientoMaximum weightmodelos linealesMiddle AgedWeight Reduction ProgramsTreatment OutcomeBody imageDiet qualityCardiovascular Diseasesestilo de vidaprogramas de reducción de pesoFemaleDietaterapia conductistadietary patternDiet Healthypérdida de pesomedicine.symptommaximum weightlcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supplybody imageenfermedades cardiovascularesPes corporalDietary patternlcsh:TX341-641030209 endocrinology & metabolismDiet SurveysArticle03 medical and health sciencesMediterranean dietWeight LossHumansObesityLife StyleobesidadAgedGeneral linear modelbusiness.industryPREDIMED-PlusBody weightOverweightPredimedDietLinear ModelsPatient Complianceestudios longitudinalesBody-Weight Trajectorysense organsbusinessAssaigs clínicsFood ScienceDemography
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Hydrolyzed infant formula and early β-cell autoimmunity: a randomized clinical trial.

2014

Importance The disease process leading to clinical type 1 diabetes often starts during the first years of life. Early exposure to complex dietary proteins may increase the risk of β-cell autoimmunity in children at genetic risk for type 1 diabetes. Extensively hydrolyzed formulas do not contain intact proteins. Objective To test the hypothesis that weaning to an extensively hydrolyzed formula decreases the cumulative incidence of diabetes-associated autoantibodies in young children. Design, Setting, and Participants A double-blind randomized clinical trial of 2159 infants with HLA-conferred disease susceptibility and a first-degree relative with type 1 diabetes recruited from May 2002 to Ja…

Maleinsulin-Secreting CellsautoantibodiesAutoimmunity2700 General MedicineGastroenterologylaw.invention0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled trialnewbornlawCaseindouble-blind methodCumulative incidence030212 general & internal medicinehumans: Multidisciplinary general & others [D99] [Human health sciences]childHazard ratioGeneral Medicinefollow-up studiesInfant Formulaanimalscaseinstype 1femaleMilkbreast feedinghydrolysisdiabetes mellitusRiskmedicine.medical_specialty: Multidisciplinaire généralités & autres [D99] [Sciences de la santé humaine]β-cell autoimmunity610 Medicine & health030209 endocrinology & metabolismWeaningArticlehydrolyzed infant formula03 medical and health sciencesInternal medicineDiabetes mellitusHydrolyzed infant formula and early β-cell autoimmunitymedicineanimals; autoantibodies; breast feeding; caseins; child; diabetes mellitus; type 1; dietary proteins; double-blind method; female; follow-up studies; humans; hydrolysis; incidence; infant; newborn; insulin-Secreting Cells; Male; Milk; Risk; Weaning; Autoimmunity; Infant FormulaType 1 diabetesbusiness.industrydietary proteinsta1183Infant Newbornmedicine.diseaseta3123infantDiabetes Mellitus Type 1EndocrinologyInfant formula10036 Medical ClinicincidencebusinessBreast feeding
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A cross-sectional survey of urinary iodine status in Latvia

2014

Background and objective: A nationwide survey of schoolchildren was conducted to detect regional differences in urinary iodine excretion in Latvia and to compare the results with data from the newborn thyroid-stimulating hormone (TSH) screening database as well with the results of a similar study performed in Latvia 10 years ago. Materials and methods: We conducted a cross-sectional school-based cluster survey of 915 children aged 9–12 years in 46 randomly selected schools in all regions of Latvia. Urine samples, questionnaires on the consumption of iodized salt and information on socioeconomic status were collected. TSH levels in newborns were also measured. Results: The median creatinine-…

Malemedicine.medical_specialty:MEDICINE [Research Subject Categories]Cross-sectional studyThyrotropinchemistry.chemical_elementUrineDisease clusterIodineLodized saltIodine; Deficiency; Iodized salt; Thyroid stimulating hormoneEnvironmental healthThyroid stimulating hormonePrevalenceHumansMedicineSodium Chloride DietaryChildSocioeconomic statusMedicine(all)Gynecologylcsh:R5-920business.industryInfant Newbornmedicine.diseaseLatviaIodine deficiencyIodised saltCross-Sectional StudieschemistryCreatinineAutomotive EngineeringIodized saltDeficiencyFemaleSelf ReportLodineUrinary iodinebusinesslcsh:Medicine (General)IodineMedicina
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Preliminary Findings: 25(OH)D Levels and PTH Are Indicators of Rapid Bone Accrual in Pubertal Children

2007

The objective of this study was to evaluate the role of serum levels of 25(OH)D and PTH on the accumulation of whole body bone mass in a cohort of children.This was a longitudinal study (1.98 +/- 0.07 y) of sixty-nine children (89% Caucasian, 44% male) enrolled in a calcium supplementation trial. Bone area, bone mineral content (BMC) and density (BMD) of the whole body and radius were assessed using a QDR 2000 (Hologic, Inc) dual energy x-ray absorptiometer. Serum PTH and 25(OH)D were measured using radioimmunoassays.Vitamin D stores were inversely related gain in bone area (p0.002), BMC (p0.002) BMD (p0.027), as well as to PTH levels (p0.0001). Compared to those with adequate vitamin D sto…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentBone accrualAcid PhosphataseRadioimmunoassayMedicine (miscellaneous)Parathyroid hormonechemistry.chemical_elementCalciumBone and BonesCohort StudiesAbsorptiometry PhotonBone DensityInternal medicineVitamin D and neurologymedicineHumansLongitudinal StudiesVitamin DChildDual-energy X-ray absorptiometryNutrition and DieteticsBone Density Conservation Agentsmedicine.diagnostic_testChemistryPubertyCalcium DietaryEndocrinologySocial ClassParathyroid HormoneDietary SupplementsCohortReceptors CalcitriolFemaleChild Nutritional Physiological PhenomenaBiomarkersCohort studyBone massJournal of the American College of Nutrition
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THE RELATIONSHIP BETWEEN THE DIETARY INFLAMMATORY INDEX AND INCIDENT FRAILTY: A LONGITUDINAL COHORT STUDY

2017

Objective:\ud \ud Inflammation is key risk factor for several conditions in the elderly. However, the relationship between inflammation and frailty is still unclear. We investigated whether higher dietary inflammatory index (DII) scores were associated with higher incidence of frailty in a cohort of North Americans.\ud \ud Design:\ud \ud Longitudinal, with a follow-up of 8 years.\ud \ud Setting:\ud \ud Osteoarthritis Initiative.\ud \ud Participants:\ud \ud A total of 4421 participants with, or at high risk of, knee osteoarthritis.\ud \ud Measurements:\ud \ud DII scores were calculated using the validated Block Brief 2000 Food-Frequency Questionnaire and categorized into sex-specific quartil…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyAged; dietary inflammatory index; frailty; inflammationFrail Elderly030209 endocrinology & metabolismfrailtyRisk AssessmentArticleCohort Studies03 medical and health sciencesSex Factors0302 clinical medicineWeight lossInternal medicinemedicineHumans030212 general & internal medicineLongitudinal StudiesRisk factorGeriatric AssessmentGeneral NursingProportional Hazards ModelsAgedAged 80 and overFrailtybusiness.industryIncidenceHealth PolicyIncidence (epidemiology)Hazard ratioConfoundingAge FactorsGeneral MedicineOsteoarthritis KneePrognosisConfidence intervalDietQuartileinflammationNorth AmericaCohortPhysical therapydietary inflammatory indexFemaleIndependent LivingGeriatrics and Gerontologymedicine.symptombusinessOsteoporotic Fractures
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Iridoid extracts from Ajuga iva increase the antioxidant enzyme activities in red blood cells of rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet.

2010

The lyophilized aqueous extract of Ajuga iva (Ai) is able to reduce oxidative stress, which may prevent lipid peroxidation in hypercholesterolemic rats. Iridoids (I) were isolated from Ai. We hypothesized that the antioxidant defense status in red blood cells (RBC) and tissues in rats fed a cholesterol-rich diet and treated with Ai may be correlated to these compounds. Male Wistar rats (n = 32) weighing 120 +/- 5 g were fed a diet containing 1% cholesterol for 15 days. After this phase, hypercholesterolemic (HC) rats were divided into groups, fed the same diet, and received either the same or different doses (5, 10, or 15 mg/kg body weight by intraperitoneal injection) of I for 15 days. Com…

Malemedicine.medical_specialtyAntioxidantErythrocytesEndocrinology Diabetes and Metabolismmedicine.medical_treatmentGlutathione reductaseHypercholesterolemiaAjugamedicine.disease_causeThiobarbituric Acid Reactive SubstancesAntioxidantsLipid peroxidationSuperoxide dismutaseCholesterol Dietarychemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyInternal medicinemedicineTBARSAnimalsIridoidsRats Wistarchemistry.chemical_classificationNutrition and DieteticsbiologyDose-Response Relationship DrugPlant ExtractsGlutathione peroxidaseAnticholesteremic AgentsMusclesMyocardiumGlutathioneRatsOxidative StressEndocrinologychemistryLiverbiology.proteinOxidative stressPhytotherapyNutrition research (New York, N.Y.)
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