Search results for " Forensic"
showing 10 items of 1486 documents
Rabdomiosarcoma alveolar. Dos casos negativos para la fusión PAX3-FOXO1 y PAX7-FOXO1
2022
Resumen Los rabdomiosarcomas son los tumores de partes blandas mas frecuentes en la edad pediatrica y en adultos jovenes. Morfologicamente se distinguen dos subtipos principales: el rabdomiosarcoma alveolar y el rabdomiosarcoma embrionario. El subtipo alveolar se asocia generalmente con un peor pronostico y presenta una fusion genica caracteristica que clasicamente se ha utilizado para confirmar el diagnostico: PAX3/7-FOXO1. Presentamos dos casos que fueron remitidos a nuestro centro. Ambos mostraron morfologia alveolar clasica y diferenciacion muscular basada en la inmunohistoquimica; no obstante, carecian de la fusion caracteristica PAX3/7-FOXO1. El objetivo de este articulo es resaltar l…
Tumor de Wilms: estudio morfológico, inmunohistoquímico y genético de un caso de nefroblastoma con diferenciación rabdomioblástica
2016
Resumen El tumor de Wilms es el tumor renal primario mas frecuente en la infancia, y afecta a uno de cada 10.000 ninos en Estados Unidos. Tipicamente se muestra como un tumor trifasico con componente epitelial, blastemal y estromal, pudiendo presentar areas de anaplasia y diferenciaciones hacia otros tejidos. En cuanto a su genetica, se han descrito varios genes relacionados en su desarrollo. En el presente trabajo se realizo un estudio anatomopatologico, ademas de uno pangenomico mediante el chip de single nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) HumanCytoSNP-12. En el caso que se presenta se observo un tumor trifasico con diferenciacion rabdomioblastica solo visible mediante tinciones inmunohistoqui…
Actualización de la recomendación para la determinación de biomarcadores en el carcinoma colorrectal. Consenso Nacional de la Sociedad Española de On…
2021
Resumen En esta actualizacion del consenso de la Sociedad Espanola de Oncologia Medica (SEOM) y la Sociedad Espanola de Anatomia Patologica (SEAP) se revisan los avances producidos en el analisis de biomarcadores en cancer colorrectal (CCR) avanzado, asi como en los marcadores de susceptibilidad del CCR hereditario y los biomarcadores moleculares del CCR localizado. Tambien se evaluan la informacion publicada recientemente sobre la determinacion imprescindible de las mutaciones de KRAS, NRAS y BRAF y la conveniencia de determinar la amplificacion del receptor del factor de crecimiento epidermico 2 (HER2), la expresion de las proteinas de la via reparadora de ADN y el estudio de las fusiones…
Intelligence artificielle : quel avenir en anatomie pathologique ?
2019
Resume Les techniques d’intelligence artificielle et en particulier les reseaux de neurones profonds (Deep Learning) sont en pleine emergence dans le domaine biomedical. Les reseaux de neurones s’inspirent du modele biologique, ils sont interconnectes entre eux et suivent des modeles mathematiques. Lors de l’utilisation des reseaux de neurones artificiels, deux phases sont necessaires : une phase d’apprentissage et une phase d’exploitation. Les deux principales applications sont la classification et la regression. Des outils informatiques comme les processeurs graphiques accelerateurs de calcul ou des bibliotheques de developpement specifiques ont donne un nouveau souffle a ces techniques. …
Una visión integral del cáncer (III). Evaluación de nuevos biomarcadores y posibilidades de intervención
2020
We propose a comprehensive approach to oncological disease, based on a systemic consideration of biology, health and disease. Our two previous review articles focused on tumour microenvironment and the discovery of new biomarkers; here we discuss the practical application of these principles to pathology, through the identification, evaluation and quantitative analysis of new prognostic and predictive factors (Immunoscore, TIME). We also consider the clinical use of promising, better tolerated treatments, such as immunotherapy. The integrative pathologist now has access to the latest improved oncology stratification tools designed to identify effective treatment strategies, based on the nat…
Evaluation of serum CA 125 levels in patients with pelvic pain related to endometriosis.
2007
The aim of the study was to investigate the clinical value of the serum CA 125 level for diagnosing and determining the severity of endometriosis and pelvic pain associated with endometriosis. Eighty-six women who underwent operative laparoscopy were enrolled. Sixty-nine women with endometriosis and 17 without endometriosis participated in this study. In all of the patients, endometriosis was diagnosed and classified into stages according to the Revised American Fertility Society (R-AFS) classification. The mean serum CA 125 levels were determined in each patient. We also investigated the relationship between serum CA 125 concentration and the intensity of dysmenorrhea and dyspareunia in t…
Proinflammatory cytokines as serum biomarker in oral carcinoma-A prospective multi-biomarker approach.
2017
BACKGROUND Inflammation and cell-mediated immunity have a key role in different stages of carcinogenesis. The aim of this prospective study was to assess serum levels of proinflammatory cytokines interleukin-6 (IL-6), interleukin-8 (IL-8), soluble interleukin-2 receptor (sIL-2R), tumor necrosis factor alpha (TNF-α), and MHC class I polypeptide-related sequence B (MICB) in patients with oral premalignant lesion (OPL), oral squamous cell carcinoma (OSCC), and healthy controls in a multi-biomarker approach as a potential diagnostic and prognostic tool for OSCC. MATERIAL AND METHODS A total of 205 patients (81 with OSCC, 75 with OPL, and 49 healthy controls) were included in this prospective st…
Malignant granular cell tumor of soft tissues: a study of two new cases.
2001
We describe 2 cases of malignant granular cell tumor. A marked discrepancy exists concerning the criteria of malignancy of this rare entity, which was diagnosed in male patients aged 41 and 52 years, respectively. They presented with tumors measuring more then 3.5 cm; one arose in the dermis and subcutaneous tissue in the region of the scapula, whereas the other was situated in deeper soft tissue in the pelvis. One case, with previous diagnosis of benign granular cell tumor, presented local recurrence 2 years after the initial diagnosis. The other case presented a fascicular pattern of growth invading adjacent muscular tissue. Both neoplasms were composed of polygonal and spindle cells, sho…
Improving tumour budding evaluation in colon cancer by extending the assessment area in colectomy specimens.
2019
AIMS It is recommended that tumour budding in colon cancer be counted on haematoxylin and eosin-stained sections in a hotspot area of 0.785 mm2 with a ×20 microscope objective. However, tumour buds may be difficult to visualise on haematoxylin and eosin-stained sections, and counting in such a limited area may result in overestimation in cases with focal budding. The aim of this study was to assess the contributions of various factors to improving tumour budding risk stratification: increasing the number of fields counted, using cytokeratin immunostaining, and recording proliferation, the apoptotic index and the emperipoletic index in tumour buds. METHODS AND RESULTS We created an explorato…
The Amount of Melanin Influences p16 Loss in Spitzoid Melanocytic Lesions: Correlation With CDKN2A Status by FISH and MLPA.
2019
AIMS The risk assessment of spitzoid lesions is one of the most difficult challenges in dermatopathology practice. In this regard, the loss of p16 expression and the homozygous deletion of CDKN2A, have been pointed in the literature as reliable indicators of high risk. However, these findings are poorly reproducible, and the molecular bases underlying the loss of p16 expression remain unclear. We aimed to identify the underlying events causing loss of CDKN2A/p16 in spitzoid tumors. MATERIALS AND METHODS We evaluated the immunohistochemical expression of p16, and the presence of CDKN2A genetic alterations detected through fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) and multiplex ligation-depen…