Search results for " Genetics"

showing 10 items of 4169 documents

Fractionated precipitation of acid macropolyanions by dialysis, a simple method for the estimation of DNA in complex biological samples.

1976

Abstract After efficient extraction by para-aminosalicylate, (hopping, grinding and eventual sonication, the macropolyanions are transformed into their cetyltrimethylammonium salts. These have differing solubilities, strongly depending on ionic strength. The cationic detergent-macropolyanionic salts are solubilized by high salt concentration. Salt is then dialysed out, rendering the polyanions highly insoluble in a sequential fashion. The insolubilized components are determined quantitatively by monitoring turbidity, which in case of DNA is strictly proportionate to its concentration. This relation is not affected by other components. This makes DNA determination possible even in crude aque…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAnionsChromatographyAqueous solutionPrecipitation (chemistry)TroutSonicationExtraction (chemistry)Osmolar ConcentrationSalt (chemistry)DNASaccharomyces cerevisiaeBiologyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologySoilActivated sludgechemistryIonic strengthCetrimonium CompoundsMethodsAnimalsChemical PrecipitationTurbidityDialysisZeitschrift fur Naturforschung. Section C, Biosciences
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Transport, stability, and biological activity of resveratrol

2011

Numerous studies have reported interesting properties of trans-resveratrol, a phytoalexin, as a preventive agent of several important pathologies: vascular diseases, cancers, viral infections, and neurodegenerative processes. These beneficial effects of resveratrol have been supported by observations at the cellular and molecular levels in both cellular and in vivo models, but the cellular fate of resveratrol remains unclear. We suggest here that resveratrol uptake, metabolism, and stability of the parent molecule could influence the biological effects of resveratrol. It appears that resveratrol stability involves redox reactions and biotransformation that influence its antioxidant properti…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAntioxidantendocrine system diseasesMembrane transport proteinorganic chemicalsGeneral NeurosciencePhytoalexinmedicine.medical_treatmentfood and beveragesBiological activityMetabolismBiologyResveratrolGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologychemistry.chemical_compoundHistory and Philosophy of SciencechemistryBiotransformationBiochemistryIn vivobiology.proteinmedicineskin and connective tissue diseaseshormones hormone substitutes and hormone antagonistsAnnals of the New York Academy of Sciences
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ERA-experiment “space biochemistry”

1995

Abstract The general goal of the experiment was to study the response of anhydrobiotic (metabolically dormant) microorganisms (spores of Bacillus subtilis, cells of Deinococcus radiodurans, conidia of Aspergillus species) and cellular constituents (plasmid DNA, proteins, purple membranes, amino acids, urea) to the extremely dehydrating conditions of open space, in some cases in combination with irradiation by solar UV-light. Methods of investigation included viability tests, analysis of DNA damages (strand breaks, DNA-protein cross-links) and analysis of chemical effects by spectroscopic, electrophoretic and chromatographic methods. The decrease in viability of the microorganisms was as exp…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAtmospheric SciencebiologyDNA damageChemistryMicroorganismFungal geneticsAerospace EngineeringAstronomy and AstrophysicsDeinococcus radioduransBacillus subtilisbiology.organism_classificationAmino acidchemistry.chemical_compoundGeophysicsBiochemistrySpace and Planetary ScienceUreaGeneral Earth and Planetary SciencesDNAAdvances in Space Research
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3'-Arylazido-beta-alanyl-2-azido ATP, a cross-linking photoaffinity label for F1ATPases.

1989

Abstract The synthesis of the 3′-arylazido-2-azido ATP derivative 3′-O-{3-[N-(4-azido-2-nitrophenyl)-amino]propionyl}2-azido-adenosine 5′-triphosphate (2,3′-DiN3ATP) is described. The bifunc­ tional photoreactive ATP analog is characterized spectroscopically. Photoaffinity labeling of F, ATPase from Micrococcus luteus by this analog results in the inactivation of the enzyme and in the formation of higher molecular weight cross-links,

chemistry.chemical_classificationAzidesPhotoaffinity labelingbiologyLightStereochemistryAffinity Labelsbiology.organism_classificationGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyMicrococcuschemistry.chemical_compoundKineticsProton-Translocating ATPasesEnzymeAdenosine TriphosphatechemistryIndicators and ReagentsBifunctionalBeta (finance)Micrococcus luteusDerivative (chemistry)Zeitschrift fur Naturforschung. C, Journal of biosciences
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On the Occurrence of Caffeoyltartronic Acid and Other Phenolics in Chondrilla juncea

1993

Abstract Caffeoyltartronic acid and other eleven phenolic com pounds were identified in the MeOH extract of Chondrilla juncea: the flavonoids luteolin, luteolin-7-glucoside, luteolin-7-galactosylglucuronide and quercetin-3-galactoside; the phenolic acids protocatechuic, caffeic, chlorogenic, isochlorogenic and isoferulic and the coumarins cichoriin and aesculetin. The taxonomic im plications of these com pounds have been discussed.

chemistry.chemical_classificationChondrilla junceabiologyFlavonoidAsteraceaebiology.organism_classificationIsolation (microbiology)General Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologychemistry.chemical_compoundBiochemistrychemistryChemotaxonomyBotanyPhenolsZeitschrift für Naturforschung C
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The determination of the DNA base composition in 19 species of adriatic sponges with high-pressure liquid cation-exchange chromatography.

1976

Abstract The (adenine + thymine)/(guanine + cytosine) base ratios of 19 species of adriatic sponges have been determined by high-pressure liquid cation-exchange chromatography. The base ratios vary from 1.49 (Mycale massa) to 0.63 (Hippospongia communis) according to an (A+T) content of 59.7 and 38.6 mol%, respectively. The DNAs of sponges of the order Keratosa showed marked differences in their (A +T) contents (39.5 to 58.8 mol%) whereas those of Tetractinellida and Halichondrina were nearly identical (39.3 to 40.8 and 49.5 to 49.8 mol%, respectively). The 5-methylcytosine (5MC) content was determined in 8 sponge DNAs by a semiquantitative method. The values differed from 0.8 to 2.2 mol% o…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChromatographyBase (chemistry)GuanineIon chromatographyDeoxyribonucleosidesDNABiologybiology.organism_classificationChromatography Ion ExchangeHigh-performance liquid chromatographyGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyThyminePoriferachemistry.chemical_compoundSpongechemistryAnimalsComposition (visual arts)CytosineChromatography High Pressure LiquidZeitschrift fur Naturforschung. Section C, Biosciences
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Application of Imprinted Synthetic Polymers in Binding Assay Development

2000

The first part of the review describes a method for the synthesis of molecularly imprinted polymers for use in binding assays. The method considers the many factors involved that affect the recognition properties of the materials and describes an approach to screening and optimization of these factors. The second part describes the development of binding assays using such polymers. This includes the use of different labels, the effect of solvent and buffer, the scale of the assay (amount of solid polymer), and how these influence the quality of the assay in terms of sensitivity, selectivity, and speed of analysis.

chemistry.chemical_classificationChromatographyChromatographyPolymersLigand binding assayDrug Evaluation PreclinicalMolecular ConformationMolecularly imprinted polymerPolymerBuffersLigandsSensitivity and SpecificityGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyPharmaceutical PreparationschemistrySolventsAdsorptionSelectivityMolecular BiologyMethods
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Isolierung und Charakterisierung einer Acetylester-Hydrolase aus Aspergillus rtiger / Isolation and Characterization of an Acetylester-Hydrolase from…

1980

Abstract The characteristic features of an acetic acid esters hydrolyzing enzyme (acetylesterase, EC 3.1.1.16) are described. The pH- and temperature optimum were 7.0 and 40 °C respectively. The stability of the enzyme regarding different pH- and temperature conditions was investigated. The molecular weight of the acetylesterase could be determined to 160000. A small acetic ester hydrolyzing activity was found too with a molecular weight of about 25000. The activity was not inhibited by addition of di-isopropylphosphorofluoridate (DFP) or physostigmine. The KM-value for glyceryl triacetate was about 90 mM. Concentration of the enzyme was done by ultrafiltration and column-chromatography. Th…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChromatographybiologyChemistryAspergillus nigerUltrafiltrationSubstrate (chemistry)Acetylesterasebiology.organism_classificationGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyEnzymeHydrolaseAcetic Acid EstersGlyceryl triacetateZeitschrift für Naturforschung C
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Isolation and characterization of a chlorogenic acid esterase from Aspergillus niger.

1980

Abstract The isolation and characterization of a specific chlorogenic acid esterase is described. The enzyme activity is measured by determination of the hydrolysis product caffeic acid. The enzyme had been concentrated by means of ultrafiltration and column-chromatography. The pH- and temperature optimum were 6.5 and 45 °C respectively. Divalent cations were not required for the enzyme activity. As other esterases, this enzyme is inhibited by di-isopropyl-phosphorofluoridate. The Km-value is 0.70 mᴍ chlorogenic acid, the molecular weight 240000. The described enzyme is specific for chlorogenic acid. On the other hand a typical unspecific esterase like the pig liver esterases does not split…

chemistry.chemical_classificationChromatographybiologyIsoelectric focusingSwineAspergillus nigerbiology.organism_classificationEsteraseGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular BiologyEnzyme assayIsoenzymesMolecular Weightchemistry.chemical_compoundHydrolysisKineticsEnzymeChlorogenic acidchemistryLiverCaffeic acidbiology.proteinAnimalsAspergillus nigerCarboxylic Ester HydrolasesZeitschrift fur Naturforschung. Section C, Biosciences
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Chemical Constituents of Urospermum picroides

1992

Seven phenolic compounds were isolated from the aerial parts of U. picroides. They were identified by UV spectra, TLC and HPLC-DAD as luteolin, luteolin-7-glucoside, quercetin, quercetin-3-galactoside, kaempferol-3-galactoside, chlorogenic and isochlorogenic acids. Other phenolics were characterized by HPLC-DAD analysis: gallic, protocatechuic, caffeic, ferulic and isoferulic acids, quercetin-3-glucoside and luteolin-4′-glucoside.

chemistry.chemical_classificationChromatographybiologyStereochemistryFlavonoidbiology.organism_classificationGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biologychemistry.chemical_compoundUv spectrachemistryChemotaxonomyChemical constituentsPhenolsUrospermum picroidesQuercetinLuteolinZeitschrift für Naturforschung C
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