Search results for " diffraction"
showing 10 items of 896 documents
Photonic fractional Fourier transformer with a single dispersive device
2013
In this work we used the temporal analog of spatial Fresnel diffraction to design a temporal fractional Fourier transformer with a single dispersive device, in this way avoiding the use of quadratic phase modulators. We demonstrate that a single dispersive passive device inherently provides the fractional Fourier transform of an incident optical pulse. The relationships linking the fractional Fourier transform order and scaling factor with the dispersion parameters are derived. We first provide some numerical results in order to prove the validity of our proposal, using a fiber Bragg grating as the dispersive device. Next, we experimentally demonstrate the feasibility of this proposal by us…
Boron doping of silicon rich carbides: Electrical properties
2013
Boron doped multilayers based on silicon carbide/silicon rich carbide, aimed at the formation of silicon nanodots for photovoltaic applications, are studied. X-ray diffraction confirms the formation of crystallized Si and 3C-SiC nanodomains. Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy indicates the occurrence of remarkable interdiffusion between adjacent layers. However, the investigated material retains memory of the initial dopant distribution. Electrical measurements suggest the presence of an unintentional dopant impurity in the intrinsic SiC matrix. The overall volume concentration of nanodots is determined by optical simulation and is shown not to contribute to lateral conduction. Remarka…
Monolacunary Keggin polyoxometalates connected to ten 4d or 4f metal atoms.
2013
The rational self-assembly of mono-lacunary Keggin clusters with 4d and 4f metal salts via a conventional method has yielded two novel polyoxometalate-based 4d-4f heterometallic compounds containing lacunary Keggin anions connected to ten metal atoms: {[Ag{Ag2(H2O)4}{Ln(H2O)6}2H ⊂ {SiW11Ln(H2O)4O39}2]·nH2O (Ln = Ce and n = 7 for 1, Ln = Pr and n = 3 for 2). Their structures were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction analyses and further characterized by elemental analyses, IR spectra, and thermogravimetric (TG) analyses. A structural feature in 1 and 2 is that each [SiW11O39](8-) cluster (SiW11) is connected to ten metals (five Ag(+) and five Ln(3+) cations), representing the highe…
Bioprospective of Sorbus aucuparia leaf extract in development of silver and gold nanocolloids
2010
At the present time the bioprospective field is a dynamic area of research. The rapid biosynthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles without using toxic chemicals is reported here. Sorbus aucuparia is omnipresent in Europe. The aqueous leaves extract of the plant were used as reducing agent for the synthesis of silver and gold nanoparticles from their salt solutions. The synthesized nanoparticles were spherical, triangular and hexagonal in shape with an average size of 16 and 18nm for silver and gold, respectively. Different extract quantities, metal concentrations, temperatures and contact times were investigated to find their effect on nanoparticles synthesis. The resulting silver and gold…
Protocol for development of various plants leaves extract in single-pot synthesis of metal nanoparticles
2012
This article is aimed to extend a simple protocol for preparation of various plant leaves extract and their application to green synthesis of the metallic nanoparticles. Five plant leaves extract showed mild reduction and stabilization ability for silver and gold nanoparticles (AgNPs and AuNPs) at room temperature. The particle size range varied from 25 to 42 nm and 21 to 47 nm for AgNPs and AuNPs, respectively. Plant leaves extract-mediated nanoparticles were characterized to confirm the shape, size, crystallinity, and content using different spectroscopic investigations. Differences in stability of nanoparticles at different pH were also measured by zeta potential.
Isolated self-assembled InAs/InP(001) quantum wires obtained by controlling the growth front evolution
2007
6 páginas, 5 figuras. In this work we explore the first stages of quantum wire (QWR) formation studying the evolution of the growth front for InAs coverages below the critical thickness, θc, determined by reflection high energy electron diffraction (RHEED). Our results obtained by in situ measurement of the accumulated stress evolution during InAs growth on InP(001) show that the relaxation process starts at a certain InAs coverage θRθR this ensemble of isolated nanostructures progressively evolves towards QWRs that cover the whole surface for θ = θc. These results allow for a better understanding of the self-assembling process of QWRs and enable the study of the individual properties of In…
SAXS Study on Myoglobin Embedded in Amorphous Saccharide Matrices
2011
We report on Small Angle X-ray Scattering (SAXS) measurements performed on samples of carboxy-myoglobin and met-myoglobin embedded in low hydrated matrices of four different saccharides (trehalose, sucrose, maltose and lactose). Results confirm the already reported occurrence of inhomogeneities, which are not peculiar of trehalose samples, but appear also in maltose and lactose, and in some cases also sucrose, being dependent on the sample hydration and on the presence of sodium dithionite. This behaviour confirms our previous interpretation about the nature of the inhomogeneities, and prompt it as a possible general behaviour for highly concentrated sugar matrices.
The conversion from cellulose I to cellulose II in NaOH mercerization performed in alcohol–water systems: An X-ray powder diffraction study
2007
Abstract The slurry-mercerization (SM) processes in 2-propanol–water and 2-propanol–ethanol–water and wet-mass-mercerization (WMM) process in ethanol–water solvents are investigated. Based on X-ray diffraction measurements in the earlier reports, we have derived a mathematical method to evaluate more exactly the conversion of cellulose I (CI) to cellulose II (CII) and used it to survey the effects of different alkali treatments on cellulose crystals. This method is very useful when the crystal system changes in a certain set of experiments are compared with each other. The optimal alcohol concentration in SM processes was found to be 80–92 w/w-% in 2-propanol–water solution, 85–90 w/w-% in …
Series of Near-IR-Absorbing Transition Metal Complexes with Redox Active Ligands
2020
New soluble and intensely near-IR-absorbing transition metal (Ti, Zr, V, Ni) complexes were synthesized using a redox non-innocent N,N&rsquo
Crystalline nanorods as possible templates for the synthesis of amorphous biosilica during spicule formation in Demospongiae.
2009
In tandem: High-resolution TEM shows that during the initial stages of demosponge spicule formation, a primordial crystalline structure is formed within the axial filament. The recently developed electron diffraction tomography technique (ADT) reveals that the nanorods have a layered structure that matches smectitic phyllosilicates. These intracellular nanorods have been considered as precursors of mature spicules. High-resolution microscopy shows that, during the initial stages of demosponge spicule formation, a primordial crystalline structure is formed within the axial filament. The recently developed electron diffraction tomography technique reveals that the nanorods have a layered stru…