Search results for " engineering"

showing 10 items of 38291 documents

Imidazolium Based Ionic Liquids: A Promising Green Solvent for Water Hyacinth Biomass Deconstruction.

2018

Water hyacinth (WH) is a troublesome aquatic weed of natural and artificial water bodies of India and other tropical countries and causing severe ecological problems. The WH biomass is low in lignin content and contains high amount of cellulose and hemicellulose, making it suitable material for conversion into liquid fuels for energy production. This study highlighted that, how different imidazolium based ionic liquids (ILs) [1-alkyl-3-methylimidazolium bromide, [Cnmim]Br (n = 2, 4, 6, 8, and 10)] with tunable properties can be employed for the degradation of WH biomass. Different characterizations techniques, such as XRD, FT-IR, SEM, and DSC are used to unravel the interplay between ILs an…

0106 biological sciences020209 energyLignocellulosic biomassBiomass02 engineering and technology01 natural scienceslcsh:Chemistryionic liquidschemistry.chemical_compoundHydrolysisBromide010608 biotechnology0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringLigninHemicelluloseCelluloselignocellulosic biomassOriginal ResearchGeneral Chemistrypretreatmentcrystallinity indexChemistrylcsh:QD1-999chemistryhydrolysisIonic liquidwater hyacinthNuclear chemistryFrontiers in chemistry
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Interaction Capabilities of a Robotic Receptionist

2017

A system aimed at facilitating the interaction between a human user and an humanoid robot is presented. The system is suited to answer questions about laboratories activities, people involved, projects, research themes and collaborations among employees. The task is accomplished by the HermiT reasoner invoked by a speech recognition module. The system is capable of navigating a specific ontology making inference on it. The presented system is part of a broader social robot framework whose goal is to give the user a fulfilling social interaction experience, driven by the perception of the robot internal state and involving intuitive and computational creativity capabilities.

0106 biological sciences0209 industrial biotechnologySocial robotComputational creativityComputer sciencechatbot02 engineering and technologySemantic reasonerOntology (information science)01 natural sciencesHuman–robot interactionTask (project management)020901 industrial engineering & automationHuman–computer interactionsocial roboticsRobotHumanoid robot010606 plant biology & botany
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Comment on “A simple way to incorporate uncertainty and risk into forest harvest scheduling”

2017

In a recent research article, Robinson et al. (2016) described a method of estimating uncertainty of harvesting outcomes by analyzing the historical yield to the associated prediction for a large number of harvest operations. We agree with this analysis, and consider it a useful tool to integrate estimates of uncertainty into the optimization process. The authors attempt to manage the risk using two different methods, based on deterministic integer linear programming. The first method focused on maximizing the 10th quantile of the distribution of predicted volume subject to area constraint, while the second method focused on minimizing the variation of total quantity of volume harvested sub…

0106 biological sciences021103 operations researchOperations researchComputer science0211 other engineering and technologiesDownside riskScheduling (production processes)Forestry02 engineering and technologyManagement Monitoring Policy and Lawepävarmuus01 natural sciencesStochastic programmingExpected shortfallstochastic programmingConditional Value at Riskta1181Research articleuncertaintyInteger programming010606 plant biology & botanyNature and Landscape ConservationQuantileriskForest Ecology and Management
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Towards European Dimensions of City Resilience

2016

International audience; Disaster resilience is becoming more important and raises the highest concerns worldwide, including in Europe. Cities have a vital role for resilience because a majority of the population resides in the cities. Despite the recognition of the importance of city resilience, there is no strong consensus what city resilience is and its dimensions, and how the resilience concept should be transferred into management practice in the cities. In this paper, we conduct a survey of EU sectorial approaches in terms of EU-funded projects related to climate change and critical infrastructure, where urban or city resilience are in focus. The goal is to obtain an overview of how th…

0106 biological sciences021110 strategic defence & security studieseducation.field_of_studyEuropean dimension of resiliencePopulation0211 other engineering and technologiesClimate changeContext (language use)02 engineering and technologyDisaster resilienceResilient dimensions01 natural sciencesCritical infrastructureCity resilience010601 ecology13. Climate actionPolitical science11. SustainabilityRegional science[INFO]Computer Science [cs]Dimension (data warehouse)Resilience (network)education
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Suppression of Phyllospheric Microbiota Alters Content of Pharmacologically Relevant Compounds of <i>S. nigra</i> Flowers

2018

Accumulating scientific evidence suggests that medicinal plant-associated microbiota has a significant role in biosynthesis of pharmacologically relevant compounds. Suppression of S. nigra microbiota by an antibiotic treatment leads to a decreased emission of volatile terpenoids from S. nigra flowers and an altered metabolome of a host plant. However, it is not known if suppression of microbiota also affects an abundance of health promoting compounds and pharmacologically relevant properties of S. nigra. The present study reveals, that suppression of phyllospheric microbiota by an antibiotic treatment affects total phenolic content (TPC), anti-radical activity (ARA) and total flavonol conte…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicine03 medical and health sciences030104 developmental biologyMechanics of MaterialsChemistryMechanical EngineeringGeneral Materials ScienceFood science01 natural sciences010606 plant biology & botanyKey Engineering Materials
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Improvement of osteogenic differentiation of human mesenchymal stem cells on composite poly l-lactic acid/nano-hydroxyapatite scaffolds for bone defe…

2020

Tissue engineering offers new approaches to repair bone defects, which cannot be repaired physiologically, developing scaffolds that mimic bone tissue architecture. Furthermore, biomechanical stimulation induced by bioreactor, provides biomechanical cues that regulate a wide range of cellular events especially required for cellular differentiation and function. The improvement of human mesenchymal stem cells (hMSCs) colonization in poly-L-lactic-acid (PLLA)/nano- hydroxyapatite (nHA) composite scaffold was evaluated in terms of cell proliferation (dsDNA content), bone differen- tiation (gene expression and protein synthesis) and ultrastructural analysis by comparing static (s3D) and dynamic…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicine3D cultureScaffoldCellular differentiationBioreactorBioengineeringBone tissue01 natural sciencesApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyBone and BonesCell Line03 medical and health sciencesBioreactorsTissue engineeringPolylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid CopolymerPoly-L-lactic-acid/nano-hydroxyapatiteOsteogenesis010608 biotechnologyOsteogenic differentiation w/o growth factorsmedicineHumansBone regenerationCell ProliferationComposite scaffoldSettore ING-IND/24 - Principi Di Ingegneria ChimicaTissue EngineeringTissue ScaffoldsChemistryMesenchymal stem cell3D culture; Bioreactor; Composite scaffold; Osteogenic differentiation w/o growth factors; Poly-L-lactic-acid/nano-hydroxyapatite; Bioreactors; Bone and Bones; Cell Differentiation; Cell Line; Cell Proliferation; Durapatite; Humans; Mesenchymal Stem Cells; Osteogenesis; Polylactic Acid-Polyglycolic Acid Copolymer; Tissue Engineering; Tissue ScaffoldsSettore ING-IND/34 - Bioingegneria IndustrialeCell DifferentiationMesenchymal Stem CellsCell biologyRUNX2030104 developmental biologymedicine.anatomical_structureDurapatiteCell cultureBiotechnologyJournal of bioscience and bioengineering
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The targeted overexpression of SlCDF4 in the fruit enhances tomato size and yield involving gibberellin signalling

2020

AbstractTomato is one of the most widely cultivated vegetable crops and a model for studying fruit biology. Although several genes involved in the traits of fruit quality, development and size have been identified, little is known about the regulatory genes controlling its growth. In this study, we characterized the role of the tomato SlCDF4 gene in fruit development, a cycling DOF-type transcription factor highly expressed in fruits. The targeted overexpression of SlCDF4 gene in the fruit induced an increased yield based on a higher amount of both water and dry matter accumulated in the fruits. Accordingly, transcript levels of genes involved in water transport and cell division and expans…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineAgricultural geneticsCell divisionPlant molecular biologyMolecular biologyTranscriptional regulatory elementsPlant physiologyBiotecnologia agrícolalcsh:MedicineMolecular engineering in plantsPlantesBiology01 natural sciencesArticle03 medical and health sciencesSolanum lycopersicumPlant hormonesDry matterlcsh:ScienceGeneTranscription factorRegulator genePlant ProteinsMultidisciplinaryWater transportlcsh:RGenètica vegetalfood and beveragesGibberellinsUp-Regulation02.- Poner fin al hambre conseguir la seguridad alimentaria y una mejor nutrición y promover la agricultura sostenibleRepressor ProteinsHorticulturePlant BreedingGENETICA030104 developmental biologyFruitGibberellinlcsh:QPlant biotechnologyFISIOLOGIA VEGETALSink (computing)Plant sciences010606 plant biology & botanyBiotechnologySignal Transduction
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Anhydrobiosis in yeasts: Glutathione synthesis by yeast Ogataea (Hansenula) polymorpha cells after their dehydration-rehydration.

2019

The possibility of using active dry microbial preparations in biotechnological processes is essential for the development of new modern industrial technologies. In this study, we show the possibility of obtaining such preparations of the genetically engineered yeast strain Ogataea (Hansenula) polymorpha with glutathione overproduction. Special pre-treatment involving the gradual rehydration of dry cells in water vapour led to the restoration/reactivation of almost 100% of dehydrated cells. Furthermore, dry cells do not lose their viability during storage at room temperatures. Application of dry cells as the inoculum provides the same levels of glutathione synthesis as that of a native yeast…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineBioengineeringGlutathione synthesis01 natural sciencesApplied Microbiology and BiotechnologyGlutathione Synthase03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound010608 biotechnologymedicineDehydrationDesiccationOverproductionCryptobiosisMicrobial ViabilityChemistryGeneral MedicineGlutathionemedicine.diseaseGlutathioneYeast030104 developmental biologyDehydration rehydrationBasic-Leucine Zipper Transcription FactorsBiochemistrySaccharomycetalesFluid TherapyGenetic EngineeringHansenula polymorphaBiotechnologyJournal of biotechnology
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Loop Mediated Isothermal Amplification: Principles and Applications in Plant Virology

2020

In the last decades, the evolution of molecular diagnosis methods has generated different advanced tools, like loop-mediated isothermal amplification (LAMP). Currently, it is a well-established technique, applied in different fields, such as the medicine, agriculture, and food industries, owing to its simplicity, specificity, rapidity, and low-cost efforts. LAMP is a nucleic acid amplification under isothermal conditions, which is highly compatible with point-of-care (POC) analysis and has the potential to improve the diagnosis in plant protection. The great advantages of LAMP have led to several upgrades in order to implement the technique. In this review, the authors provide an overview r…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineBst DNA polymeraseComputer scienceLoop-mediated isothermal amplificationSettore BIO/05 - ZoologiaviroidsPlant VirologyPlant ScienceReviewvirus01 natural sciences03 medical and health sciencesLAMPplant virologyprimersEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsEcologyviroid<i>Bst</i> DNA polymeraseBotanySettore AGR/12 - Patologia Vegetalereal-time monitoringeye diseasesDiagnosis methodsVisualizationprimer030104 developmental biologyQK1-989viruBiochemical engineeringloop-mediated isothermal amplification010606 plant biology & botanyPlants
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Nest-mediated parental care in a marine fish: Are large-scale nesting habitats selected and do these habitats respond to small-scale requirements?

2018

Fishes have evolved various reproductive strategies including mechanisms that involve parental care and demersal eggs laid into nests. Symphodus ocellatus has a seasonal reproduction period during which large, dominant males become territorial and build nests with fragments of algae, where they attract females to spawn and provide care to the developing eggs. Based on the hypothesis that the S. ocellatus males choose the reproductive habitat based on some characteristics of the substrate, here we assessed whether, on a coastal area scale, the distribution of this species changes during the reproductive period because of the selection of some suitable sites or substrates, and whether the nes…

0106 biological sciences0301 basic medicineCanopyEnvironmental EngineeringNest-buildinghabitat selectionhabitat requirementAquatic ScienceOceanography010603 evolutionary biology01 natural sciencesDemersal zone03 medical and health sciencesNestAlgaeLabridaeSymphodus ocellatus.Ecology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsSymphodus ocellatusbiologyEcologybiology.organism_classificationSpawn (biology)030104 developmental biologyHabitatPaternal careMediterranean Marine Science
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