Search results for " silicon"

showing 10 items of 247 documents

Sub-gap defect density characterization of molybdenum oxide: An annealing study for solar cell applications

2020

AbstractThe application of molybdenum oxide in the photovoltaic field is gaining traction as this material can be deployed in doping-free heterojunction solar cells in the role of hole selective contact. For modeling-based optimization of such contact, knowledge of the molybdenum oxide defect density of states (DOS) is crucial. In this paper, we report a method to extract the defect density through nondestructive optical measures, including the contribution given by small polaron optical transitions. The presence of defects related to oxygen-vacancy and of polaron is supported by the results of our opto-electrical characterizations along with the evaluation of previous observations. As part…

Materials scienceAnnealing (metallurgy)Oxide02 engineering and technologyPolaronSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica01 natural scienceslaw.inventionmolybdenum oxidechemistry.chemical_compoundlaw0103 physical sciencesThermalSolar cellGeneral Materials Sciencepolaron theoryElectrical and Electronic Engineering010302 applied physicsbusiness.industrysilicon heterojunction solar cellHeterojunction021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticschemistrymolybdenum oxide density of states polaron theory silicon heterojunction solar celldensity of statesDensity of statesOptoelectronicsDensity functional theory0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Growth of polyaniline films on porous silicon layers

1993

Abstract The electrochemical deposition of electrically active polyaniline films (PANI) onto the surface of porous silicon (PS) layers formed at p- and n-type silicon wafers has been studied using cyclic voltammetry measurements and infrared spectroscopy. The process of PANI deposition is easier on the PS layers formed at n-Si wafers and essentially retarded at PS/p-Si samples, presumably due to a parallel reaction of oxygen evolution. The polymerization reaction starts at the pore bottoms and propagates towards the external surface of the PS layer. Electric conduction of PS/PANI composites is lower than of uncovered PS layers.

Materials scienceBiophysicsInfrared spectroscopyGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsPorous siliconBiochemistryAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryPolymerizationChemical engineeringPolyanilinePolymer chemistryWaferCyclic voltammetryLayer (electronics)Deposition (law)Journal of Luminescence
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Strain effects and phonon-plasmon coupled modes in Si-doped AlN

2009

The E 2h and A 1 (LO) phonon modes of AlN films grown on sapphire are analyzed by Raman scattering as a function of silicon doping for concentrations covering from 5.5 x 10 19 cm ―3 to 5.2 x 10 21 cm ―3 . For high doping levels the appearance of a mode around 520 cm ―1 indicates the precipitation of crystalline silicon in the samples and its inhomogeneous incorporation to the AlN layer. The frequency of this mode shifts to lower energies with doping, indicating that the silicon crystals are embedded in the AlN lattice and under tensile strain. On the other hand, the AlN phonon modes are blue-shifted due to the compressive strain as a result of the silicon incorporation. This strain is parti…

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsSiliconPhononDopingAnalytical chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementSurfaces and InterfacesCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBlueshiftsymbols.namesakechemistryMaterials ChemistrysymbolsSapphireCrystalline siliconElectrical and Electronic EngineeringRaman spectroscopyRaman scatteringphysica status solidi (a)
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Capacitance study of thin film SnO2:F/p-type a-Si:H heterojunctions

2011

Abstract We characterized SnO 2 :F/p-type a-Si:H heterojunctions by current-voltage (I-V) and capacitance-voltage (C-V) measurements at room temperature to determine the junction parameters. Samples with circular geometry and different diameters were characterized. The current scales with the junction area, and the current density J as a function of the voltage V is a slightly asymmetric curve with a super-linear behaviour (cubic law) for high voltages. Using a transmission line model valid for devices with circular geometry, we studied the effects of the SnO 2 :F resistivity on the measured capacitance when the SnO2:F layer works as an electrical contact. The measured C-V curve allows us t…

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsheterojunctionDopingcapacitanceAnalytical chemistryHeterojunctionamorphous siliconCapacitanceElectrical contactsSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaEnergy(all)TCOElectrical resistivity and conductivityThin filmCurrent densityVoltageSnO2:F
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Particle Detectors made of High Resistivity Czochralski Grown Silicon

2004

We describe the fabrication process of fullsize silicon microstrip detectors processed on silicon wafers grown by magnetic Czochralski method. Defect analysis by DLTS spectroscopy as well as minority carrier lifetime measurements by µPCD method are presented. The electrical and detection properties of the Czochralski silicon detectors are comparable to those of leading commercial detector manufacturers. The radiation hardness of the Czochralski silicon detectors was proved to be superior to the devices made of traditional Float Zone silicon material.

Materials scienceFabricationSiliconHybrid silicon laserbusiness.industrychemistry.chemical_elementCarrier lifetimeFloat-zone siliconCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsMonocrystalline siliconchemistryOptoelectronicsWaferbusinessRadiation hardeningMathematical PhysicsPhysica Scripta
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Detection of planar defects caused by ion irradiation in Si using molecular dynamics

2007

We have analyzed the evolution of defects caused by self-irradiation of crystalline silicon. A classical molecular dynamics simulation was followed by defect analysis using the Pixel Mapping (PM) method. The PM identified {311} planar defects and long-chain structures of the so-called interstitial chains following low energy (1 keV) ion impact. The areal density obtained from simulation of self-interstitial atoms was about two thirds of that of experiments reported in the literature [Jpn. J. Appl. Phys. 30 (1991) L639], while the atomic configuration on respective planes agreed exactly.

Materials scienceIon beamPixel mappingSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral ChemistryCondensed Matter PhysicsSurfaces Coatings and FilmsIonMolecular dynamicsPlanarMaterials ChemistryIrradiationCrystalline siliconArea densityAtomic physicsSurface and Coatings Technology
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Hydrodynamical aspects of the floating zone silicon crystal growth process

2014

Abstract 3D numerical modeling of dopant transport in the melt is carried out for the 100 mm floating zone silicon single crystal growth process. The axis-symmetric shape of the molten zone is calculated with the program FZone considering the coil and the high frequency (HF) electromagnetic (EM) field in 3D. Time dependent melt flow, temperature and dopant concentration fields are modeled using a specialized solver based on the open source code library OpenFOAM ® . The influence of the Marangoni coefficient in the boundary conditions on the melt velocity field is analyzed. The obtained shapes of the crystallization interface and resistivity profiles in the grown crystal are compared with ex…

Materials scienceMarangoni effectSiliconDopantchemistry.chemical_elementMechanicsCondensed Matter Physicslaw.inventionInorganic ChemistryMonocrystalline siliconCrystalchemistryElectrical resistivity and conductivitylawCondensed Matter::SuperconductivityMaterials ChemistryCrystallizationMelt flow indexJournal of Crystal Growth
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Programmable Supercontinuum Laser Spectrum Generator Based on a Liquid-Crystal on Silicon Spatial Light Modulator

2021

Supercontinuum (SC) lasers combine a broadband light spectrum with the unique properties of single-mode lasers. In this work we present an optical system to spectrally filter a SC laser source using liquid-crystal on silicon (LCoS) spatial light modulators (SLM). The proposed optical system disperses the input laser and the spectrally separated components are projected onto the LCoS-SLM, where the state of polarization of each wavelength is separately modulated. Finally, recombining the modulated spectral components results in an output laser source where the spectrum can be controlled dynamically from a computer. The system incorporates two branches to independently control the visible (VI…

Materials scienceMaterials Science (miscellaneous)BiophysicsPhysics::OpticsGeneral Physics and Astronomybroadband light sources02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesSpectral linelaw.invention010309 opticsbiological applicationslaw0103 physical sciencesliquid crystal on siliconPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMathematical PhysicsSpatial light modulatorbusiness.industryNear-infrared spectroscopy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyLaserPolarization (waves)lcsh:QC1-999SupercontinuumLiquid crystal on siliconWavelengthsupercontinuum lasermicroscopyOptoelectronicsspatial light modulators0210 nano-technologybusinesslcsh:PhysicsFrontiers in Physics
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Modeling and parameter identification of crystalline silicon photovoltaic devices

2011

This paper tests the standard single-exponential model of the electrical characteristics of crystalline-Si photovoltaic devices, focusing on the (apparent) shunt current. Measured characteristics of illuminated polycrystalline-Si photovoltaic modules are modeled, and the apparent shunt current is analyzed. It is shown that an Ohmic-like behavior only takes place at voltages well below the maximum-power point. At higher voltages, the apparent shunt current quickly drops to negligible values. Modeling a crystalline-Si PV device with a fixed shunt resistance may therefore lead to underestimation of the maximum power exceeding 10% at certain irradiance levels.

Materials scienceMaximum power principleSiliconbusiness.industryPhotovoltaic systemElectrical engineeringIrradianceSemiconductor device modelingchemistry.chemical_elementchemistryOptoelectronicsCrystalline siliconbusinessShunt (electrical)Voltage2011 International Conference on Clean Electrical Power (ICCEP)
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The role of impurities in the irradiation induced densification of amorphous SiO(2).

2011

In a recent work (Buscarino et al 2009 Phys. Rev. B 80 094202), by studying the properties of the (29)Si hyperfine structure of the E'(γ) point defect, we have proposed a model able to describe quantitatively the densification process taking place upon electron irradiation in amorphous SiO(2) (a-SiO(2)). In particular, we have shown that it proceeds heterogeneously, through the nucleation of confined densified regions statistically dispersed into the whole volume of the material. In the present experimental investigation, by using a similar approach on a wider set of materials, we explore how this process is influenced by impurities, such as OH and Cl, typically involved in relevant concent…

Materials scienceNucleationCondensed Matter PhysicsCrystallographic defectAmorphous solidlaw.inventionChemical engineeringImpuritylawamorphous silicon dioxide sio2 irradiation effects electron irradiation point defects electron paramagnetic resonance densityElectron beam processingGeneral Materials ScienceIrradiationElectron paramagnetic resonanceHyperfine structureJournal of physics. Condensed matter : an Institute of Physics journal
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