Search results for "ALBI"
showing 10 items of 440 documents
Comparative genomics of yeast species: new insights into their biology
2003
The genomes of two hemiascomycetous yeasts (Saccharomyces cerevisiae and Candida albicans) and one archiascomycete (Schizosaccharomyces pombe) have been completely sequenced and the genes have been annotated. In addition, the genomes of 13 more Hemiascomycetes have been partially sequenced. The amount of data thus obtained provides information on the evolutionary relationships between yeast species. In addition, the differential genetic characteristics of the microorganisms explain a number of distinctive biological traits. Gene order conservation is observed between phylogenetically close species and is lost in distantly related species, probably due to rearrangements of short regions of D…
Dectin-1 mediatesin vitrophagocytosis ofCandida albicansyeast cells by retinal microglia: Figure 1
2011
We have investigated the expression of TLR2 and Dectin-1 in retinal microglia and their involvement in Candida albicans phagocytosis using a cytometric approach. The expression of both receptors has been demonstrated in CD11b+ retinal cells. Phagocytosis of pHrodo-labelled C. albicans yeasts by microglial CD11b+ cells of C57BL/6 mice was inhibited both by the Dectin-1 antagonist laminarin and anti-Dectin-1 antibodies, whereas phagocytosis of yeasts by retinal microglia of TLR2 KO mice was unaffected. These data indicate that phagocytosis of C. albicans yeasts by retinal microglia is mediated by Dectin-1, whereas TLR2 does not play a significant role in this process.
Efficacy of a genetically engineered Candida albicans tet-NRG1 strain as an experimental live attenuated vaccine against hematogenously disseminated …
2009
ABSTRACT We report on the efficacy of the genetically engineered Candida albicans tet-NRG1 strain as an experimental live, attenuated vaccine against disseminated candidiasis in both immunocompetent and immunodeficient mice mostly dependent on T-cell immunity. This experimental vaccination model may represent an important tool to unravel the mechanisms of protective immunity during candidiasis.
Characterization of the Differential Pathogenicity of Candida auris in a Galleria mellonella Infection Model
2021
ABSTRACT Candida auris is an emergent multidrug-resistant fungal pathogen considered a severe global threat due to its capacity to cause nosocomial outbreaks and deep-seated infections with high transmissibility and mortality. However, evidence on its pathogenicity and the complex host-pathogen interactions is still limited. This study used the in vivo invertebrate model in Galleria mellonella to assess its virulence, exploring the mortality kinetics, melanization response, and morphological changes after fungal infection compared to Candida albicans and Candida parapsilosis, with known high and low pathogenicity, respectively. All C. auris isolates presented less virulence than C. albicans…
Comparison of disc diffusion assay with the CLSI reference method (M27-A2) for testing in vitro posaconazole activity against common and uncommon yea…
2007
Objectives To evaluate the suitability of disc diffusion (DD) assay for testing posaconazole activity and to corroborate its activity against recently isolated yeasts by the CLSI reference microdilution M27-A2 method. Methods A total of 224 yeast isolates (7 species with 52 to 11 isolates each, and 15 species with 1 to 6 isolates) were evaluated, 125 were recent bloodstream isolates, 30 isolates from other sources and six ATCC isolates that included amphotericin B-resistant Candida albicans ATCC 200955, Candida lusitaniae (ATCC 200950, 200951, 200952 and 200953) and amphotericin B- and itraconazole-resistant Candida tropicalis ATCC 200956. MICs were determined at 24 and 48 h by following th…
LAAE-14, a new anti-inflammatory drug, increases the survival ofCandida albicans-inoculated mice
2003
LAAE-14, a lipidic acid-amido ether derivative, has been recently described as a new anti-inflammatory drug. We have studied the effect of treatment with this compound on the susceptibility of mice to in vivo experimental Candida albicans infection. ICR mice orally treated with LAAE-14 (25 mg kg(-1)) and experimentally intravenously infected showed a significantly increased survival as compared to control mice. In vitro, the compound did not inhibit the growth of C. albicans yeast cells or the yeast-to-hyphal transition. The in vitro production of prostaglandin E2 by peritoneal macrophages in response to the yeasts and hyphae of C. albicans was significantly decreased upon treatment with LA…
Comparison between Disk Diffusion and Microdilution Methods for Determining Susceptibility of Clinical Fungal Isolates to Caspofungin
2007
ABSTRACT We compared the caspofungin (CAS) susceptibility testing results generated by the disk diffusion (DD) assay with the results of the Clinical and Laboratory Standards Institute (CLSI) broth microdilution (BD) reference method for 106 yeast isolates. The isolates represented 11 different fungal species, including Candida albicans ( n = 50), C. parapsilosis ( n = 10), C. glabrata ( n = 10), C. tropicalis ( n = 10), C. guillermondii ( n = 6), C. rugosa ( n = 5), C. krusei ( n = 5), C. kefyr ( n = 2), C. pelliculosa ( n = 2), Saccharomyces cerevisiae ( n = 3), and Geotrichum candidum ( n = 3). The DD assay was performed in supplemented Mueller-Hinton agar with CAS, which was tested at c…
Value of morphotyping for the characterization of Candida albicans clinical isolates
2005
Until recently, morphotyping, a method evaluating fringe and surface characteristics of streak colonies grown on malt agar, has been recommended as a simple and unexpensive typing method for Candida albicans isolates. The discriminatory power and reproducibility of Hunter's modified scheme of Phongpaichit's morphotyping has been evaluated on 28 C. albicans isolates recovered from the oral cavity of asymptomatic human immunodeficiency virus-positive subjects, and compared to two molecular typing methods: randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) fingerprinting, and contour clamped homogeneous electric field (CHEF) electrophoretic karyotyping. Morphological features of streak colonies allowed…
TLR2: for or against Candida albicans?
2005
In a recent issue of Trends in Microbiology, Netea and coworkers presented their opinion that toll-like receptors (TLRs) are involved in escape from the defense mechanisms of the host [1]. In their article, the authors clearly identified three major TLR-mediated escape mechanisms that are used by microbial pathogens, such as Yersinia, Mycobacterium and Candida. Here, we wish to comment on the roll of TLR2 in Candida albicans infections. Netea's interesting hypothesis, that TLR2 expression might confer to mice an increased susceptibility to C.
About the role of TLR2 and TLR4 in cytokine secretion by murine macrophages in response to Candida albicans.
2006
Dear Editor, In a recent issue of FEMS Immunology and Medical Microbiology , Blasi (2005) studied the biological role of Toll-like receptor (TLR)2 and TLR4 in the effector and secretory responses of murine macrophages to the fungal species Candida albicans . In their article, the authors conclude that the secretory response to C. albicans appears to be TLR4- but not TLR2-dependent. In our opinion this statement is misleading as the results reported do not support this conclusion and, therefore, we wish to comment on this issue. There is evidence indicating that TLR2 is the main receptor involved in triggering cytokine production by murine macrophages in response to C. albicans . Phospholipo…