Search results for "ALGORITHMS"

showing 10 items of 1716 documents

Field-induced slow relaxation of magnetisation in an anionic heterotetranuclear [ZnIIReIV3] system

2019

The compound (NBu4)4[ZnII{ReIVCl4(μ-ox)}3] (1) [NBu4+ = tetra-n-butylammonium cation and ox2− = oxalate dianion] is the first example of an oxalato-bridged ZnII system coordinated to a 5d metal ion that exhibits slow relaxation of magnetisation.

Materials scienceCondensed matter physicsField (physics)010405 organic chemistry010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesOxalate0104 chemical sciencesInorganic ChemistryMetalMagnetizationchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryTheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITYvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumRelaxation (physics)Dalton Transactions
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The Use of Atomic Force Microscopy in Determining the Stiffness and Adhesion Force of Human Dentin After Exposure to Bleaching Agents

2009

Introduction: Oxidant bleaching agents may induce several alterations on mineralized teeth tissues. Our aim is to study,at the ultrastructurallevel,mechanicalmodifications induced on dentin after exposure to different bleaching agents.Methods: Nanoindentation performed with atomic force microscopy was used to measure changes in dentin stiffness as well as the adhesion force between the tip and the tissue both in intertubular and peritubulardentin.Foreachspecimen,dentinlocalization, and bleaching agent, 100 independent nanoindentations were performed. Carbamide peroxide (30%) and hydrogenperoxide(35%) wereusedasbleaching agents. Results: A significant reduction of both stiffness and adhesion…

Materials scienceDentistryCarbamide PeroxideMicroscopy Atomic Forcechemistry.chemical_compoundstomatognathic systemHardnessElastic ModulusMaterials TestingImage Processing Computer-AssistedTooth BleachingmedicineDentinHumansUreaAdhesion forceHydrogen peroxideGeneral DentistryAtomic force microscopybusiness.industryStiffnessHydrogen PeroxideNanoindentationOxidantsPeroxidesDrug Combinationsmedicine.anatomical_structurechemistryIntertubular dentinDentinStress Mechanicalsense organsCarbamide peroxidemedicine.symptombusinessAlgorithmsBiomedical engineeringJournal of Endodontics
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Quantum-Chemical Insights into the Self-Assembly of Carbon-Based Supramolecular Complexes

2018

Understanding how molecular systems self-assemble to form well-organized superstructures governed by noncovalent interactions is essential in the field of supramolecular chemistry. In the nanoscience context, the self-assembly of different carbon-based nanoforms (fullerenes, carbon nanotubes and graphene) with, in general, electron-donor molecular systems, has received increasing attention as a means of generating potential candidates for technological applications. In these carbon-based systems, a deep characterization of the supramolecular organization is crucial to establish an intimate relation between supramolecular structure and functionality. Detailed structural information on the se…

Materials scienceFullereneNoncovalent interactionsSurface PropertiesSupramolecular chemistryPharmaceutical Sciencechemistry.chemical_elementNanotechnologyContext (language use)ReviewCarbon nanotube010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesPolymerizationAnalytical Chemistrylaw.inventionquantum chemistrylcsh:QD241-441noncovalent interactionslcsh:Organic chemistrylawDrug DiscoveryNon-covalent interactionsQuímica FísicaPhysical and Theoretical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_classificationNanotubes Carbon010405 organic chemistryGrapheneOrganic Chemistrycarbon-based supramolecular assemblies0104 chemical sciencesCharacterization (materials science)Models ChemicalchemistryChemistry (miscellaneous)Quantum TheoryMolecular MedicineFullerenesCarbonQuantum chemistryAlgorithmsCarbon-based supramolecular assemblies
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Simultaneous recording of skin blood pulsations at different vascular depths by multiwavelength photoplethysmography.

2007

A new technique for parallel recording of reflection photoplethysmography (PPG) signals in a broad spectral band (violet to near-infrared) has been developed, and its potential for assessment of blood microcirculation at various depths from the skin surface is discussed. PPG signals have been simultaneously detected at cw laser wavelength sets comprising 405, 532, 645, 807, and 1064 nm. Various signal baseline responses to breath holding and different shapes of the PPG pulses originated from the same heartbeat but recorded at different wavelengths have been observed, indicating a depth variety of the skin blood pulsation dynamics.

Materials scienceHeartbeatbusiness.industryMaterials Science (miscellaneous)Spectral bandsCw laserIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringMicrocirculationWavelengthOpticsHeart RateTemporal resolutionPhotoplethysmogramPulsatile FlowSkin Physiological PhenomenaSkin surfaceHumanssense organsBusiness and International ManagementbusinessPhotoplethysmographyAlgorithmsBlood Flow VelocitySkinApplied optics
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The effects of linearly increasing flip angles on 3D inflow MR angiography

1994

As recently demonstrated, spin saturation effects in 3D time-of-flight (TOF) MR angiography (MRA) can be reduced by using RF pulses with linearly increasing flip angles (ramp pulses) in the main direction of flow. We developed a model for calculating the signal distribution of proton flow within the excitation volume (slab) for different ramp slopes and compared the results with the measured distribution for the lower-leg arteries. The ramp pulses were generated using the Fourier transformation of the desired excitation profiles. With a bandwidth of 6 kHz and a pulse length of 2.56 ms satisfactory ramps with variable slopes were generated and applied in a standard flow-compensated 3D FISP s…

Materials scienceInflowsymbols.namesakeNuclear magnetic resonanceHumansPopliteal ArteryRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingSaturation (magnetic)Fourier AnalysisModels CardiovascularMr angiographyReproducibility of ResultsPulse durationRangingArteriesImage EnhancementMagnetic Resonance ImagingComputational physicsTibial ArteriesFourier transformFibulaRegional Blood FlowBlood CirculationsymbolsSlabBlood VesselsArtifactsAlgorithmsBlood Flow VelocityExcitationMagnetic Resonance in Medicine
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Geometric characterization and simulation of planar layered elastomeric fibrous biomaterials

2015

An important class of biomaterials is composed of layered networks of elastomeric fibers. While there is a growing interest in modeling and simulation of the mechanical response of these biomaterials, a theoretical foundation for such simulations has yet to be firmly established. The present work addresses this issue in two ways. First, using methods of geometric probability we develop theoretical estimates for the linear and areal fiber intersection densities for two-dimensional fibrous networks. These are expressed in terms of the fiber density and orientation distribution function, both of which are relatively easy to measure properties. Secondly, we develop a random walk algorithm for g…

Materials scienceMatching (graph theory)Geometric probabilityBiomedical EngineeringBiocompatible MaterialsscaffoldBiochemistryArticleModeling and simulationfibrous biomaterialBiomaterialsIntersectionMolecular BiologyOrientation (computer vision)Fiber (mathematics)business.industrytissue engineering.General MedicineStructural engineeringRandom walkCharacterization (materials science)ElastomersGeometric characterizationMicroscopy Electron ScanningbusinessAlgorithmAlgorithmsBiotechnologyActa Biomaterialia
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Subtractive imaging in confocal scanning microscopy using a CCD camera as a detector

2012

[EN] We report a scheme for the detector system of confocal microscopes in which the pinhole and a large-area detector are substituted by a CCD camera. The numerical integration of the intensities acquired by the active pixels emulates the signal passing through the pinhole. We demonstrate the imaging capability and the optical sectioning of the system. Subtractive-imaging confocal microscopy can be implemented in a simple manner, providing superresolution and improving optical sectioning. (C) 2012 Optical Society of America

Materials scienceOptical sectioningConfocalConfocal scanning microscopylaw.inventionOpticsConfocal microscopylawOnionsMicroscopyImage Processing Computer-AssistedMicroscopyMicroscopy Confocalbusiness.industryScanning microscopyScanning confocal electron microscopyEquipment DesignAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsConfocal microscopyFISICA APLICADASubtraction TechniqueLight sheet fluorescence microscopyPinhole (optics)businessAlgorithmsOptics Letters
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A monte carlo study of dose rate distribution around the specially asymmetric CSM3-a 137Cs source.

2001

The CSM3 137Cs type stainless-steel encapsulated source is widely used in manually afterloaded low dose rate brachytherapy. A specially asymmetric source, CSM3-a, has been designed by CIS Bio International (France) substituting the eyelet side seed with an inactive material in the CSM3 source. This modification has been done in order to allow a uniform dose level over the upper vaginal surface when this `linear' source is inserted at the top of the dome vaginal applicators. In this study the Monte Carlo GEANT3 simulation code, incorporating the source geometry in detail, was used to investigate the dosimetric characteristics of this special CSM3-a 137Cs brachytherapy source. The absolute do…

Materials scienceRadiological and Ultrasound Technologybusiness.industryRadioactive sourceRadiotherapy Planning Computer-AssistedMonte Carlo methodBrachytherapyDose levelSievert integralLow-Dose Rate BrachytherapyComputational physicsDistribution (mathematics)Cesium RadioisotopesNeoplasmsVaginaDosimetryHumansRadiology Nuclear Medicine and imagingFemaleDose rateNuclear medicinebusinessRadiometryMonte Carlo MethodAlgorithmsPhysics in medicine and biology
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ELECTRON-PHONON COUPLING IN HEAVILY DOPED SILICON

2001

The coupling constant in electron-phonon interaction is a very important issue in nanoscale applications. We have measured this constant in heavily doped silicon. Electron-phonon interaction is proportional to T6 and the coupling constant is found to be 1.5 × 108 W/K5m³, which is about one tenth of the value in normal metals.

Materials scienceSiliconchemistrybusiness.industryTheoryofComputation_ANALYSISOFALGORITHMSANDPROBLEMCOMPLEXITYDopingHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSchemistry.chemical_elementOptoelectronicsRefrigerationElectron phonon couplingbusinessPhysics, Chemistry and Application of Nanostructures
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Investigation of the hemodynamic flow conditions and blood-induced stresses inside an abdominal aortic aneurysm by means of a SPH numerical model.

2019

The estimation of blood flow-induced loads occurring on the artery wall is affected by uncertainties hidden in the complex interaction of the pulsatile flow, the mechanical parameters of the artery, and the external support conditions. To circumvent these difficulties, a specific tool is developed by combining the aorta displacements measured by an electrocardiogram-gated-computed tomography angiography, with the blood velocity field computed by a smoothed particle hydrodynamics (SPH) numerical model. In the present work, the SPH model has been specifically adapted to the solution of the 3D Navier-Stokes equations inside a domain with boundaries of prescribed motion. Images of the abdominal…

Materials scienceTime FactorsQuantitative Biology::Tissues and OrgansPhysics::Medical PhysicsBiomedical EngineeringPulsatile flowHemodynamicsSettore ICAR/01 - IdraulicaPhysics::Fluid DynamicsAneurysmDiastolemedicine.arterymedicineShear stressPressureHumansComputer SimulationMolecular BiologyAortamedicine.diagnostic_testCardiac cycleApplied MathematicsHemodynamicsModels CardiovascularMechanicsmedicine.diseaseAbdominal aortic aneurysmBiomechanical PhenomenaComputational Theory and MathematicsModeling and SimulationAngiographycardiovascular systemHydrodynamicsStress MechanicalInfrarenal abdominal aorta aneurysm shear stresses arterial wall SPH moving boundarySoftwareAlgorithmsBlood Flow VelocityAortic Aneurysm AbdominalInternational journal for numerical methods in biomedical engineeringREFERENCES
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