Search results for "ATS"

showing 10 items of 6881 documents

Effects of Nandrolone Stimulation on Testosterone Biosynthesis in Leydig Cells

2016

Anabolic androgenic steroids (AAS) are among the drugs most used by athletes for improving physical performance, as well as for aesthetic purposes. A number of papers have showed the side effects of AAS in different organs and tissues. For example, AAS are known to suppress gonadotropin‐releasing hormone, luteinizing hormone, and follicle‐stimulating hormone. This study investigates the effects of nandrolone on testosterone biosynthesis in Leydig cells using various methods, including mass spectrometry, western blotting, confocal microscopy and quantitative real‐time PCR. The results obtained show that testosterone levels increase at a 3.9 μM concentration of nandrolone and return to the ba…

0301 basic medicineEnzymologicMalePhysiologyClinical BiochemistryAndrogenAnabolic Agents; Androgens; Animals; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Gene Expression Regulation Enzymologic; Leydig Cells; Male; Nandrolone; Phosphoproteins; Rats; Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase; Testosterone; Physiology; Clinical Biochemistry; Cell BiologyAnabolic AgentsOriginal Research ArticlesNandroloneTestosteroneOriginal Research ArticleTestosteroneAnabolic Agents; Androgens; Animals; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Gene Expression Regulation Enzymologic; Leydig Cells; Male; Nandrolone; Phosphoproteins; Rats; Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase; Testosterone; Clinical Biochemistry; Cell Biology; Physiology; Medicine (all)Steroidogenic acute regulatory proteinMedicine (all)Leydig CellsSteroid 17-alpha-HydroxylaseCYP17A1PhosphoproteinAndrogensDrugLuteinizing hormonemedicine.drugAnabolic Agents; Androgens; Animals; Cell Line; Cell Survival; Dose-Response Relationship Drug; Gene Expression Regulation Enzymologic; Leydig Cells; Male; Nandrolone; Phosphoproteins; Rats; Steroid 17-alpha-Hydroxylase; TestosteroneLeydig Cellendocrine systemmedicine.medical_specialtyCell SurvivalBiologyGene Expression Regulation EnzymologicCell LineDose-Response Relationship03 medical and health sciencesDownregulation and upregulationIn vivoInternal medicinemedicineAnimalsDose-Response Relationship DrugAnimalCell BiologyPhosphoproteinsRats030104 developmental biologyEndocrinologyGene Expression RegulationNandroloneAnabolic AgentRatHormone
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A TRAPPC6B splicing variant associates to restless legs syndrome

2016

Abstract INTRODUCTION: RLS is a common movement disorders with a strong genetic component in its pathophysiology, but, up to now, no causative mutation has been reported. METHODS: We re-evaluated the previously described RLS2 family by exome sequencing. RESULTS: We identified fifteen variations in the 14q critical region. The c.485G > A transition of the TRAPPC6B gene segregates with the RLS2 haplotype, is absent in 200 local controls and is extremely rare in 12988 exomes from the Exome Variant Server (EVS). This variant alters a splicing site and hampers the normal transcript processing by promoting exon 3-skipping as demonstrated by minigene transfection and by patient transcripts. CON…

0301 basic medicineExome sequencingMaleVesicular Transport ProteinsLocus (genetics)VariationGene mutationBiologySplicingTransfection03 medical and health sciencesExonGene FrequencyRLSRestless Legs SyndromeAnimalsHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseRNA MessengerRestless legs syndromeExomeExome sequencingMovement disorderCells CulturedGeneticsChromosomes Human Pair 14Family HealthSleep disorderHaplotypeExonsRats030104 developmental biologyAuthors report no disclosureNeurologyHaplotypesRNA splicingMutationFemaleNeurology (clinical)Geriatrics and GerontologyNeurological diseaseMinigene
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Low-energy extracorporeal shockwave therapy (ESWT) improves metaphyseal fracture healing in an osteoporotic rat model.

2017

Purpose As result of the current demographic changes, osteoporosis and osteoporotic fractures are becoming an increasing social and economic burden. In this experimental study, extracorporeal shock wave therapy (ESWT), was evaluated as a treatment option for the improvement of osteoporotic fracture healing. Methods A well-established fracture model in the metaphyseal tibia in the osteoporotic rat was used. 132 animals were divided into 11 groups, with 12 animals each, consisting of one sham-operated group and 10 ovariectomized (osteoporotic) groups, of which 9 received ESWT treatment. Different energy flux intensities (0.15 mJ/mm2, 0.35 mJ/mm2, or 0.55 mJ/mm2) as well as different numbers o…

0301 basic medicineExtracorporeal Shockwave TherapyCritical Care and Emergency Medicinemedicine.medical_treatmentOsteoporosisTest StatisticsDentistryGene Expressionlcsh:MedicineRats Sprague-Dawley0302 clinical medicineMathematical and Statistical TechniquesAnimal CellsMedicine and Health SciencesReproductive System ProceduresConnective Tissue Diseaseslcsh:ScienceMusculoskeletal SystemTrauma MedicineConnective Tissue CellsFracture Healing030222 orthopedicsMultidisciplinaryBiomechanicsBone FractureConnective TissueExtracorporeal shockwave therapyPhysical SciencesOvariectomized ratFemaleAnatomyCellular TypesTraumatic InjuryStatistics (Mathematics)Research ArticleOvariectomySurgical and Invasive Medical ProceduresBone healingResearch and Analysis Methods03 medical and health sciencesRheumatologymedicineGeneticsAnimalsTibiaStatistical MethodsSkeletonAnalysis of VarianceOsteoblastsSurgical ExcisionTibiabusiness.industrylcsh:RBiology and Life SciencesBone fractureCell Biologymedicine.diseaseRatsDisease Models Animal030104 developmental biologyBiological TissueAdjunctive treatmentOsteoporosislcsh:QbusinessOsteoporotic FracturesMathematicsPLoS ONE
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Fatty Acids of Microbial Origin in the Perirenal Fat of Rats (Rattus norvegicus domestica) and Guinea Pigs (Cavia porcellus) Fed Various Diets.

2020

Guinea pigs are assumed to practice caecotrophy to a higher degree than rats. Studies from leporids suggest that through the practice of caecotrophy, hindgut fermenting species could build up microbial fatty acids (FA) in body tissues. We hypothesized that microbial FA would be detectable in the body tissue of guinea pigs and rats, and this to a higher degree in guinea pigs. Twenty-four rats and guinea pigs were fed with four different pelleted diets (lucerne-, meat-, meat-bone-, insect-based) in groups of six animals for 8 weeks. Perirenal adipose tissue differed in FA composition between the species in spite of the common diets. FA typically associated with microbial activity (saturated F…

0301 basic medicineFA10253 Department of Small Animals1303 BiochemistryRodentGuinea PigsCaviaAdipose tissuePerirenal fatBiochemistryGuinea pig1307 Cell Biology03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundAnimal scienceSpecies SpecificityRuminantbiology.animalCoprophagiaIsoAnimals2. Zero hunger030109 nutrition & dieteticsbiology630 AgricultureCaecotrophyalpha-Linolenic acidMicrobiotaOrganic ChemistryFatty AcidsHindgutCell BiologyRat.biology.organism_classificationGuinea pigAnimal FeedDietRats030104 developmental biologychemistryAdipose TissueDocosahexaenoic acidMicrobial fatty acids570 Life sciences; biology1605 Organic ChemistryLipidsReferences
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Genome-Wide Association Study for Serum Omega-3 and Omega-6 Polyunsaturated Fatty Acids: Exploratory Analysis of the Sex-Specific Effects and Dietary…

2020

Many early studies presented beneficial effects of polyunsaturated fatty acids (PUFA) on cardiovascular risk factors and disease. However, results from recent meta-analyses indicate that this effect would be very low or nil. One of the factors that may contribute to the inconsistency of the results is that, in most studies, genetic factors have not been taken into consideration. It is known that fatty acid desaturase (FADS) gene cluster in chromosome 11 is a very important determinant of plasma PUFA, and that the prevalence of the single nucleotide polymorphisms (SNPs) varies greatly between populations and may constitute a bias in meta-analyses. Previous genome-wide association studies (GW…

0301 basic medicineFatty Acid DesaturasesMaleSíndrome metabòlicaDiet MediterraneanMediterranean populationchemistry.chemical_compoundDelta-5 Fatty Acid DesaturaseÀcids grassos saturatsRisk Factorsgeneticschemistry.chemical_classificationMetabolic Syndromeeducation.field_of_studyClinical Trials as TopicNutrition and DieteticsbiologyMiddle AgedPhenotypeTreatment OutcomeFemaleomega-3mediterranean populationlcsh:Nutrition. Foods and food supplypolyunsaturated fatty acidsPolyunsaturated fatty acidmedicine.medical_specialtyomega-6FADS1Fatty Acid ElongasesLinoleic acidPopulationlcsh:TX341-641Single-nucleotide polymorphismGenetic polymorphismsPolymorphism Single NucleotideArticlemetabolic syndrome03 medical and health sciencesSex FactorsInternal medicineFatty Acids Omega-6Fatty Acids Omega-3medicinesexHumansGenetic Predisposition to DiseaseSaturated fatty acidseducationAgedgenome-wide association study030109 nutrition & dieteticsPolimorfisme genèticFatty acidmedicine.disease030104 developmental biologyFatty acid desaturaseEndocrinologyCross-Sectional StudieschemistrySpainbiology.proteinGene-Environment InteractionheterogeneityMetabolic syndromepolymorphismsFood ScienceGenome-Wide Association Study
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Enhancement in Phospholipase D Activity as a New Proposed Molecular Mechanism of Haloperidol-Induced Neurotoxicity

2020

Membrane phospholipase D (PLD) is associated with numerous neuronal functions, such as axonal growth, synaptogenesis, formation of secretory vesicles, neurodegeneration, and apoptosis. PLD acts mainly on phosphatidylcholine, from which phosphatidic acid (PA) and choline are formed. In turn, PA is a key element of the PLD-dependent secondary messenger system. Changes in PLD activity are associated with the mechanism of action of olanzapine, an atypical antipsychotic. The aim of the present study was to assess the effect of short-term administration of the first-generation antipsychotic drugs haloperidol, chlorpromazine, and fluphenazine on membrane PLD activity in the rat brain. Animals were…

0301 basic medicineFluphenazineolanzapinePhospholipasePharmacologyCatalysishaloperidollcsh:ChemistryInorganic Chemistry03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineneurotoxicityHaloperidolmedicineAnimalsphospholipase DPhospholipase D activityPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryChlorpromazinechlorpromazinelcsh:QH301-705.5Molecular BiologySpectroscopy030102 biochemistry & molecular biologyPhospholipase DCommunicationOrganic ChemistryGeneral MedicinePhosphatidic acidfluphenazineRatsComputer Science ApplicationsEnzyme Activationenzymes and coenzymes (carbohydrates)lcsh:Biology (General)lcsh:QD1-999chemistryMechanism of actionneuroprotectionlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)medicine.symptom030217 neurology & neurosurgerymedicine.drugInternational Journal of Molecular Sciences
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Ancient goat genomes reveal mosaic domestication in the Fertile Crescent

2018

How humans got their goatsLittle is known regarding the location and mode of the early domestication of animals such as goats for husbandry. To investigate the history of the goat, Dalyet al.sequenced mitochondrial and nuclear sequences from ancient specimens ranging from hundreds to thousands of years in age. Multiple wild populations contributed to the origin of modern goats during the Neolithic. Over time, one mitochondrial type spread and became dominant worldwide. However, at the whole-genome level, modern goat populations are a mix of goats from different sources and provide evidence for a multilocus process of domestication in the Near East. Furthermore, the patterns described suppor…

0301 basic medicineFollistatinMESH: DomesticationAGRICULTURE1103CATTLEMESH: FollistatinMESH: AfricaGenome[SHS]Humanities and Social SciencesDomestication0601 history and archaeologyMESH: AnimalsMESH: Genetic VariationMESH: PhylogenyPhylogenyZAGROSmedia_common2. Zero hunger[SDV.EE]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Ecology environmentGenome1311MultidisciplinaryMiddle East060102 archaeologyMosaicismMESH: AsiaGoats06 humanities and the artsEuropeAnimals DomesticMESH: MosaicismReproductionTRAITSAsia[SHS.ARCHEO]Humanities and Social Sciences/Archaeology and Prehistorymedia_common.quotation_subject1204BiologyDNA MitochondrialMESH: GoatsMosaic03 medical and health sciencesPhylogeneticsGenetic variationAnimalsMESH: GenomeMESH: Animals DomesticDNA AncientDietary change[SDV.BBM.BC]Life Sciences [q-bio]/Biochemistry Molecular Biology/Biochemistry [q-bio.BM]Domestication[SDV.GEN]Life Sciences [q-bio]/GeneticsNEAR-EASTMESH: DNA MitochondrialGenetic VariationMESH: DNA AncientGENEMODEL030104 developmental biologySHEEPEvolutionary biologyORIGINSAfricaMESH: EuropeScience
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Taste of Fat: A Sixth Taste Modality?

2015

International audience; An attraction for palatable foods rich in lipids is shared by rodents and humans. Over the last decade, the mechanisms responsible for this specific eating behavior have been actively studied, and compelling evidence implicates a taste component in the orosensory detection of dietary lipids [i.e., long-chain fatty acids (LCFA)], in addition to textural, olfactory, and postingestive cues. The interactions between LCFA and specific receptors in taste bud cells (TBC) elicit physiological changes that affect both food intake and digestive functions. After a short overview of the gustatory pathway, this review brings together the key findings consistent with the existence…

0301 basic medicineFood intakeTastePhysiologyLong-Chain FattyAcid Transporter FatGlucagon-Like Peptide-1ReviewBiologyReceptors G-Protein-CoupledFood Preferences03 medical and health sciencesBud CellsRisk Factors2-Bottle Choice TestPhysiology (medical)Obesity-Resistant RatsAnimalsHumansGastric Bypass-SurgeryObesityGustatory pathwayTaste Bud CellsMolecular BiologyModality (semiotics)[ SDV.MHEP.PHY ] Life Sciences [q-bio]/Human health and pathology/Tissues and Organs [q-bio.TO]Fatty AcidsTaste PerceptionFeeding BehaviorGeneral MedicineTaste BudsDietary FatsSweet TasteVasoactive-Intestinal-Peptide030104 developmental biologyOverconsumptionBiochemistryTasteEating behaviorlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)Digestive functionsReceptor-CellsNeuroscienceSignal Transduction
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Old meets new: Comparative examination of conventional and innovative RNA-based methods for body fluid identification of laundered seminal fluid stai…

2018

Abstract The knowledge about the type of the body fluid/tissue that contributed to a trace can provide contextual insight into crime scene reconstruction and connect a suspect or a victim to a crime scene. Especially in sexual assault cases, it is important to verify the presence of spermatozoa. Victims often tend to clean their underwear/bedding after a sexual assault. If they later decide to report the crime to the police, in our experience, investigators usually do not send laundered items for DNA examination, since they believe that analysis after washing is no longer promising. As not only the individualization of traces on laundered items could be important in court, but also the type…

0301 basic medicineForensic GeneticsMaleComputer scienceSemenStainPolymerase Chain ReactionFluorescencePathology and Forensic Medicine03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineSemenBiological propertyGeneticsCrime sceneHumans030216 legal & forensic medicineRNA MessengerFluorescent DyesLaunderingBody fluidbusiness.industryTextilesRNAPattern recognitionDNADNA FingerprintingSpermatozoaIdentification (information)MicroRNAs030104 developmental biologychemistryArtificial intelligencebusinessDNAMicrosatellite RepeatsForensic science international. Genetics
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Protecting group-free radical decarboxylation of bile acids: Synthesis of novel steroidal substituted maleic anhydrides and maleimides and evaluation…

2017

Abstract We report the first Barton radical decarboxylation of unprotected bile acids via in situ irradiation of their thiohydroxamic esters in the presence of citraconic anhydride and citracoimide, leading to the synthesis a series of steroidal maleic anhydrides and maleimides as novel hybrid bile acids. The cytotoxic activities were evaluated on C6 rat glioma cells.

0301 basic medicineFree RadicalsDecarboxylationClinical BiochemistryAntineoplastic AgentsChemistry Techniques SyntheticBiochemistryDecarboxylationBile Acids and SaltsMaleimides03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyGliomaCell Line TumormedicineOrganic chemistryAnimalsProtecting groupCytotoxicityMolecular BiologyMaleic AnhydridesPharmacologyChemistryOrganic ChemistryMaleic anhydrideGliomamedicine.diseaseRats030104 developmental biologyBarton decarboxylationDrug Screening Assays AntitumorSteroids
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