Search results for "Alcohol"

showing 10 items of 1798 documents

Effect Of Inflammatory Pain On Alcohol-Induced Dopamine Release In The Nucleus Accumbens: Behavioural Implications In Rat Models

2019

AbstractRecent studies have drawn the attention to the link between Alcohol Use Disorder (AUD) and the presence of pain. Indeed, the correct management of pain in patients with a previous history of AUD has been reported to decrease the risk of relapse in alcohol drinking, suggesting that in this prone population, pain may increase the vulnerability to relapse. Previous data in male rats revealed that inflammatory pain desensitizes mu opioid receptors (MORs) in the ventral tegmental area (VTA) and increases intake of high doses of heroine. Due to the relevant role of MORs in alcohol effects, we hypothesize that pain may also alter alcohol reinforcing properties and therefore affect alcohol …

Microdialysiseducation.field_of_studymedicine.medical_specialtybusiness.industryPopulationAlcohol use disorderNucleus accumbensmedicine.diseaseVentral tegmental areamedicine.anatomical_structureEndocrinologyNeurochemicalDopamineInternal medicineMedicineμ-opioid receptorbusinesseducationmedicine.drug
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Ellipsoid-shaped superparamagnetic nanoclusters through emulsion electrospinning.

2015

Ellipsoid-shaped nanoclusters composed of single superparamagnetic nanoparticles can be generated by emulsion electrospinning. Stretching and subsequent solvent evaporation of iron oxide loaded emulsion droplets during the emulsion electrospinning process enables the creation of such structures embedded in polymer nanofibers. Dissolution of the polymer fibers yields an aqueous dispersion of the inorganic clusters which are the first example of ellipsoid-shaped superparamagnetic nanoclusters with a high saturation magnetization (∼47 emu g(-1)).

Microscopy Electron Scanning TransmissionMaterials scienceNanotechnologyPolyvinyl alcoholFerric CompoundsCatalysisNanoclusterschemistry.chemical_compoundMaterials ChemistryDissolutionchemistry.chemical_classificationMagnetic PhenomenaMetals and AlloysGeneral ChemistryPolymerOctanesElectrospinningSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsNanostructuresChemical engineeringchemistryNanofiberPolyvinyl AlcoholEmulsionCeramics and CompositesMicroscopy Electron ScanningEmulsionsSuperparamagnetismChemical communications (Cambridge, England)
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Crystal structure of lactitol (4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucitol) dihydrate.

1992

Abstract Lactitol dihydrate, C 12 H 24 O 11 ·2H 2 O, is tetragonal, space group P 4 3 2 1 2 with cell dimensions a and b = 8.762(1), c = 45.500(3) A, and V = 3493.2(3) A 3 ; Z = 8, D x = 1.45 Mg.m −3 , λ(Cu- K α ) = 1.54056 A, μ = 1.108 mm −1 , F (000) = 1632, and T = 23°. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined by least-squares calculations to R = 0.054 for 2037 unique observed reflections. There are three intra- and twelve inter-molecular hydrogen bonds in the structure. Bond lengths and angles accord quite well with the mean values of related structures. The galactopyranosyl ring has a chair of conformation.

Models MolecularChemistryStereochemistryHydrogen bondOrganic ChemistryMolecular Sequence DataHydrogen BondingGeneral MedicineCrystal structureBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryBond lengthTetragonal crystal systemCrystallographyMolecular geometrySugar AlcoholsCarbohydrate SequenceX-Ray DiffractionX-ray crystallographyCarbohydrate ConformationMoleculeHydrateSoftwareCarbohydrate research
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Design, synthesis, and SAR analysis of cytotoxic sinapyl alcohol derivatives.

2005

Five series totalling 51 of sinapyl alcohol derivatives were designed and synthesized. Their cytotoxicity analyses were performed oil six human tumor cell lines Such as PC-3. CNE, KB, A549, BEL-7404, and HeLa. Certain sinapyl alcohol derivatives showed significant cytotoxic activities. Compound 14d exhibited especially potent cytotoxicity against the BEL-7404 cell line with an IC50 value of 0.7 mu M, which showed more cytotoxic activity than the positive control, cisplatin. The structure-cytotoxicity relationships were discussed and the CoMFA analysis was performed using the cytotoxic data against HeLa cells as a template. (c) 2005 Elsevier Ltd. All rights reserved.

Models MolecularClinical BiochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceQuantitative Structure-Activity RelationshipAntineoplastic AgentsBiochemistryChemical synthesisHeLachemistry.chemical_compoundInhibitory Concentration 50Cell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryElectrochemistryCytotoxic T cellHumansCytotoxicityMolecular BiologyIC50biologyPhenylpropionatesOrganic Chemistrybiology.organism_classificationIn vitroSinapyl alcoholchemistryBiochemistryCell cultureDrug DesignMolecular MedicineDrug Screening Assays AntitumorHeLa CellsBioorganicmedicinal chemistry
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Crystal structure of lactitol (4-O-beta-D-galactopyranosyl-D-glucitol).

1992

Abstract Lacitol, C 12 H 24 O 11 , is monoclinic, space group P 2 1 with cell dimensions a = 7.614(1), b = 10.757(1), c = 9.370(1) A, β = 108.19(1)°, and V = 729.0(1) A 3 ; Z = 2, D x = 1.57 Mg.m −3 , λ(Cu- K α ) = 1.5406 A, μ = 1.166 mm −1 , F (000) = 368, and T = 23°. The structure was solved by direct methods and refined by least-squares calculations to R = 0.048 for 1510 unique observed reflections. There are one intra- and eight inter-molecular hydrogen bonds in the structure. Bond lengths and angles accord well with the mean values of related structures. The galactopyranosyl ring has a chair conformation.

Models MolecularLactitolHydrogen bondStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryCyclohexane conformationMolecular Sequence DataHydrogen BondingGeneral MedicineCrystal structureRing (chemistry)BiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryBond lengthchemistry.chemical_compoundCrystallographySugar AlcoholschemistryCarbohydrate SequenceX-Ray DiffractionD-glucitolCarbohydrate ConformationSoftwareMonoclinic crystal systemCarbohydrate research
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New antitumoral acetogenin ‘Guanacone type’ derivatives: Isolation and bioactivity. Molecular dynamics simulation of diacetyl-guanacone

2007

We describe herein the isolation and semisynthesis of four acetogenin derivatives (1-4) as well as their ability to inhibit the mitochondrial respiratory chain and several tumor cell lines. In addition, four nanoseconds (ns) of MD simulation of compound 4, in a fully hydrated POPC bilayer, is reported.

Models MolecularMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyAcetogeninsStereochemistryLipid BilayersClinical BiochemistryMolecular ConformationRespiratory chainPharmaceutical ScienceBiochemistryChemical synthesisAnnonaElectron TransportLactoneschemistry.chemical_compoundPolyketideCell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryHumansComputer SimulationFuransMolecular BiologyPOPCBilayerOrganic ChemistryHydrogen BondingAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicSemisynthesisMitochondrial respiratory chainchemistrySeedsAcetogeninPhosphatidylcholinesMolecular MedicineIndicators and ReagentsFatty AlcoholsBioorganic & Medicinal Chemistry
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Active surfaces engineered by immobilizing protein-polymer nanoreactors for selectively detecting sugar alcohols.

2016

We introduce active surfaces generated by immobilizing protein-polymer nanoreactors on a solid support for sensitive sugar alcohols detection. First, such selective nanoreactors were engineered in solution by simultaneous encapsulation of specific enzymes in copolymer polymersomes, and insertion of membrane proteins for selective conduct of sugar alcohols. Despite the artificial surroundings, and the thickness of the copolymer membrane, functionality of reconstituted Escherichia coli glycerol facilitator (GlpF) was preserved, and allowed selective diffusion of sugar alcohols to the inner cavity of the polymersome, where encapsulated ribitol dehydrogenase (RDH) enzymes served as biosensing e…

Models MolecularMaterials scienceMembrane permeabilityPolymersSurface PropertiesBiophysicsBioengineering02 engineering and technologyNanoreactorBiosensing Techniques010402 general chemistryRibitolAquaporins01 natural sciencesPermeabilityBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundSugar AlcoholsEscherichia coliOrganic chemistrySugar alcoholRibitolchemistry.chemical_classificationEscherichia coli Proteins021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesNanostructuresMembraneImmobilized ProteinschemistryMechanics of MaterialsPolymersomeCeramics and Composites0210 nano-technologyBiosensorSugar Alcohol DehydrogenasesSugar Alcohol DehydrogenasesBiomaterials
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Cytochrome c in a Dry Trehalose Matrix: Structural and Dynamical Effects Probed by X-Ray Absorption Spectroscopy

2007

AbstractWe report on the structure and dynamics of the Fe ligand cluster of reduced horse heart cytochrome c in solution, in a dried polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) film, and in two trehalose matrices characterized by different contents of residual water. The effect of the solvent/matrix environment was studied at room temperature using Fe K-edge x-ray absorption fine structure (XAFS) spectroscopy. XAFS data were analyzed by combining ab initio simulations and multi-parameter fitting in an attempt to disentangle structural from disorder parameters. Essentially the same structural and disorder parameters account adequately for the XAFS spectra measured in solution, both in the absence and in the pre…

Models MolecularProtein ConformationIronAb initioBiophysicsHemechemistry.chemical_compoundProtein structureImidazoleAnimalsHistidineHorsesSpectroscopyX-ray absorption spectroscopyMyocardiumSpectrum AnalysisX-RaysProteinsCytochromes cTrehaloseTrehaloseX-ray absorption fine structureSolutionsCrystallographychemistryPolyvinyl AlcoholAbsorption (chemistry)Biophysical Journal
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Syntheses and structural study of bile acid amidoalcohols.

2008

Preparation, structural and thermoanalytical characterization of fourteen N-hydroxyalkyl 5beta-cholan-24-amides have been performed in this study. The utilized techniques include liquid state and CP-MAS 13C NMR spectroscopy, thermogravimetry, differential scanning calorimetry, and also powder and single crystal X-ray crystallography. The results were discussed and compared to each other and also to previous findings on similar compounds. One pure hydrate form was obtained. Six new single crystal structures were determined, including one hydrated chloroform solvate. Decomposition temperatures were found to correlate with the side chain length, and the number of the hydroxyl groups. The spati…

Models MolecularSpectrometry Mass Electrospray IonizationMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyClinical BiochemistryCalorimetryCrystallography X-RayBiochemistryBile Acids and Saltschemistry.chemical_compoundEndocrinologyDifferential scanning calorimetrySide chainMolecular BiologyPharmacologyChloroformCalorimetry Differential ScanningMolecular StructureChemistryOrganic ChemistryNuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyAmidesThermogravimetryCrystallographyAlcoholsHydrateSingle crystalSteroids
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Ligand structures of synthetic deoxa-pyranosylamines with raucaffricine and strictosidine glucosidases provide structural insights into their binding…

2014

Insight into the structure and inhibition mechanism of O-β-d-glucosidases by deoxa-pyranosylamine type inhibitors is provided by X-ray analysis of complexes between raucaffricine and strictosidine glucosidases and N-(cyclohexylmethyl)-, N-(cyclohexyl)- and N-(bromobenzyl)-β-d-gluco-1,5-deoxa-pyranosylamine. All inhibitors anchored exclusively in the catalytic active site by competition with appropriate enzyme substrates. Thus facilitated prospective elucidation of the binding networks with residues located at <3.9 A distance will enable the development of potent inhibitors suitable for the production of valuable alkaloid glucosides, raucaffricine and strictosidine, by means of synthesis in …

Models MolecularStereochemistryCyclopentanesLigandsRauwolfiaStructure-Activity RelationshipSugar AlcoholsRauvolfia serpentinaDrug DiscoveryHydrolasePharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationBinding SitesDose-Response Relationship DrugMolecular StructurebiologyAlkaloidActive siteGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationLigand (biochemistry)EnzymeBiochemistrychemistryStrictosidinebiology.proteinGlucosidasesGlucosidasesJournal of Enzyme Inhibition and Medicinal Chemistry
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