Search results for "Brain Neoplasms"
showing 10 items of 248 documents
CT-guided stereotactic biopsy aided by Doppler ultrasonic vascular monitoring
1992
The use of a 20 MHz pulsed Doppler technique during stereotactic brain tumour biopsies is described. By means of a miniaturized ultrasonic probe the tissue planned for biopsy was investigated for vessel signals. Out of 41 patients, with this technique a flow-pulse curve in front of the biopsy cannula was registered in 14 cases. In 9 cases one pulse curve was determined and in 5 cases two or more flow curves were found, indicating the presence of arterial vessels. The depth of the vessels signal could be localized and this area avoided for biopsy sampling. In a series of 41 stereotactic biopsies carried out in this way there was no intra-operative haemorrhage or postoperative haematoma.
The Intracranial Distribution of Gliomas in Relation to Exposure From Mobile Phones: Analyses From the INTERPHONE Study
2016
When investigating the association between brain tumors and use of mobile telephones, accurate data on tumor position are essential, due to the highly localized absorption of energy in the human brain from the radio-frequency fields emitted. We used a point process model to investigate this association using information that included tumor localization data from the INTERPHONE Study (Australia, Canada, Denmark, Finland, France, Germany, Israel, Italy, Japan, New Zealand, Norway, Sweden, and the United Kingdom). Our main analysis included 792 regular mobile phone users diagnosed with a glioma between 2000 and 2004. Similar to earlier results, we found a statistically significant association …
Location of Gliomas in Relation to Mobile Telephone Use: A Case-Case and Case-Specular Analysis
2011
The energy absorbed from the radio-frequency fields of mobile telephones depends strongly on distance from the source. The authors' objective in this study was to evaluate whether gliomas occur preferentially in the areas of the brain having the highest radio-frequency exposure. The authors used 2 approaches: In a case-case analysis, tumor locations were compared with varying exposure levels; in a case-specular analysis, a hypothetical reference location was assigned for each glioma, and the distances from the actual and specular locations to the handset were compared. The study included 888 gliomas from 7 European countries (2000-2004), with tumor midpoints defined on a 3-dimensional grid …
Etoposide Treatment in Recurrent Medulloblastoma
1994
Five consecutive patients with recurrent medulloblastoma received etoposide 120 mg/m2 for 5 to 7 days at 2 to 4-week intervals. Three patients with neuroaxis dissemination received additional intrathecal chemotherapy with methotrexate, cytosine arabinoside and prednisone. Toxicity consisted of alopecia and mild neutropenia. Complete response was registered in two patients, partial response in one. Median survival was 19 months with the 3 responders living 6, 30 and 60+ months. Etoposide seems to be an active agent in medulloblastoma.
Safety and Efficacy of Microporous Polysaccharide Hemospheres in Neurosurgery
2011
BACKGROUND: Effective hemostasis is mandatory for brain tumor surgery. Microporous polysaccharide hemosphere (MPH) powder, a white powder compounded from potato starch, was recently introduced for surgical and emergency application. OBJECTIVE: To evaluate the safety and efficacy of MPHs in brain tumor surgery. METHODS: Thirty-three patients (mean age, 58 years; range, 22-84 years) underwent microsurgical brain tumor resection. Final hemostasis was performed by topical application of MPHs, video recorded, and subsequently analyzed. Blood samples were taken before surgery, before application of hemospheres, and postoperatively. Volume measurements of the tumor, resection cavity, and postopera…
Hippocampal dose during Linac-based stereotactic radiotherapy for brain metastases: An observational study
2017
Abstract Introduction Aim of the present study is to evaluate homolateral and contralateral hippocampus (H-H, C-H, respectively) dose during Fractionated Stereotactic Radiotherapy (FSRT) or Radiosurgery (SRS) for brain metastases (BM). Materials & methods Patients with BM 3 months, were considered for SRS/FSRT (total dose 15–30 Gy, 1–5 fractions). For each BM, a Flattening Filter Free (FFF) Volumetric Modulated Arc Therapy (VMAT) plan was generated with one or two arcs. Hippocampi were not considered during optimizations phase and were contoured and evaluated retrospectively in terms of dose: the Dmedian, Dmean, D0.1cc and the V1Gy, V2Gy, V5Gy and V10Gy were analyzed. Results From April 2…
Role of Erythropoietin in Cerebral Glioma: An Innovative Target in Neuro-Oncology
2019
Background: Erythropoietin (EPO) is a cytokine primarily involved in the regulation of erythropoiesis. In response to hypoxia–ischemia, hypoxia-inducible factor 1 induces EPO production, which, in turn, inhibits apoptosis of erythroid progenitor cells. By the same mechanism and acting through other signaling pathways, EPO exerts neuroprotective effects. Increased resistance to hypoxia and decreased apoptosis are thought to be important mechanisms for tumor progression, including malignant glioma. Because recent studies have demonstrated that EPO and its receptor (EPOR) are expressed in several tumors and can promote tumor growth, in the present study, we investigated EPO and EPOR expression…
Ex vivo high resolution magic angle spinning metabolic profiles describe intratumoral histopathological tissue properties in adult human gliomas.
2010
In gliomas one can observe distinct histopathological tissue properties, such as viable tumor cells, necrotic tissue or regions where the tumor infiltrates normal brain. A first screening between the different intratumoral histopathological tissue properties would greatly assist in correctly diagnosing and prognosing gliomas. The potential of ex vivo high resolution magic angle spinning spectroscopy in characterizing these properties is analyzed and the biochemical differences between necrosis, high cellularity and border tumor regions in adult human gliomas are investigated. Statistical studies applied on sets of metabolite concentrations and metabolite ratios extracted from 52 high resolu…
Adhesive and invasive features in gliomas
2000
Summary This study aims at the in situ identification of factors mediating glioma cell invasion requiring adhesion, extracellular matrix degradation, and migration. Fortyfive gliomas (astrocytomas, glioblastomas, oligodendrogliomas, and mixed gliomas) were investigated for the immunohistochemical expression of the membrane protein CD44s, the basal lamina proteins laminin, collagen IV, and fibronectin, the lectin galectin-3 recognizing tenascin and N-CAM, as well as for the matrix-degrading enzymes metalloproteinases MMP-2, MMP-9, and cathepsin D. Besides vessels expressing basal lamina proteins, tenascin, MMP-2, MMP-9, and galectin-3, tumor cells revealed strong immunoreactivity for CD44s, …
The histology of brain tumors for 67 331 children and 671 085 adults diagnosed in 60 countries during 2000-2014: a global, population-based study (CO…
2021
Abstract Background Global variations in survival for brain tumors are very wide when all histological types are considered together. Appraisal of international differences should be informed by the distribution of histology, but little is known beyond Europe and North America. Methods The source for the analysis was the CONCORD database, a program of global surveillance of cancer survival trends, which includes the tumor records of individual patients from more than 300 population-based cancer registries. We considered all patients aged 0-99 years who were diagnosed with a primary brain tumor during 2000-2014, whether malignant or nonmalignant. We presented the histology distribution of th…