Search results for "CAMEROON"

showing 10 items of 30 documents

Cytotoxicity of 18 Cameroonian medicinal plants against drug sensitive and multi-factorial drug resistant cancer cells

2018

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Cameroonian medicinal plants are traditionally used to treat many ailments, including cancer and related diseases. Cancer is characterized as a condition with complex signs and symptoms. It has been recommended that ethnopharmacological usages such as immune and skin disorders, inflammatory, infectious, parasitic and viral diseases should be taken into account when selecting plants for anticancer screenings, since these reflect disease states bearing relevance to cancer or cancer-like symptoms. Aim of the study The present study aims at investigating 20 methanol extracts from 15 Cameroonian medicinal plants on a panel of human cancer cell lines, inclu…

0301 basic medicineNaucleaCell SurvivalAntineoplastic AgentsApoptosisMagnoliopsida03 medical and health sciencesPhytomedicine0302 clinical medicineMorus mesozygiaCell Line TumorDrug DiscoverymedicineHumansCameroonMedicinal plantsErythrinaMembrane Potential MitochondrialPharmacologyPlants MedicinalbiologyTraditional medicinePlant ExtractsCancerbiology.organism_classificationmedicine.diseaseDrug Resistance Multiple030104 developmental biologyDrug Resistance NeoplasmCaspases030220 oncology & carcinogenesisvisual_artCancer cellvisual_art.visual_art_mediumBarkReactive Oxygen SpeciesJournal of Ethnopharmacology
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Genetic Diversity of HIV-1 Non-B Strains in Sicily: Evidence of Intersubtype Recombinants by Sequence Analysis ofgag,pol, andenvGenes

2007

The molecular epidemiology of HIV-1 strains in Sicily (Italy) was phylogenetically investigated by the analysis of HIV-1 gag, pol, and env gene sequences from 11 HIV-1 non-B strains from 408 HIV-1-seropositive patients observed from September 2001 to August 2006. Sequences suggestive of recombination were further investigated by bootscanning analysis of various fragments. Overall, we identified several second-generation recombinant (SGRs) strains, which contained genetic material of CRF02_AG in at least one gene. Notably, three individuals were found to be infected with subsubtype A3, and one of them showed genetic recombination with subsubtype A4. The current study emphasizes the genetic a…

AdultMaleSUBTYPE-ASequence analysisMolecular Sequence DataImmunologyGene Products gagGene Products polHIV InfectionsBiologySettore MED/42 - Igiene Generale E ApplicataGenetic recombinationGenetic analysisCRF02-AGlaw.inventionSUPERINFECTIONANTIRETROVIRAL THERAPYMOLECULAR EPIDEMIOLOGYlawVirologyHumansPHYLOGENETIC ANALYSISSicilyGeneWEST-AFRICAAgedRecombination GeneticGeneticsGenetic diversityCOMPLEXMolecular epidemiologyStrain (biology)Gene Products envGenetic Variationvirus diseasesSequence Analysis DNAMiddle AgedIMMUNODEFICIENCY-VIRUS TYPE-1VirologyInfectious DiseasesHIV-1CAMEROONRecombinant DNAFemaleAIDS Research and Human Retroviruses
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Clinical features and epidemiology of cutaneous leishmaniasis and Leishmania major/HIV co-infection in Cameroon: results of a large cross-sectional s…

2011

Cutaneous leishmaniasis (CL) is endemic in Central Africa, including Cameroon. However, data on its prevalence and co-infection with HIV are scarce. Here we present the results of a large cross-sectional study reporting the prevalence, clinical features and species identification of CL and HIV co-infection in northern Cameroon. A total of 32 466 subjects were clinically screened for CL during a door-to-door survey, followed by parasitological diagnosis in the field laboratory. Amongst the subjects surveyed, 146 (0.4%) were diagnosed with active CL. Seven (4.8%) of these 146 CL patients tested positive for HIV-1 and/or HIV-2. The number of lesions per CL patient ranged from 1 to 20. Three of…

AdultMalemedicine.medical_specialtyAdolescentCross-sectional studyAIDS-Related Opportunistic InfectionsAntiprotozoal AgentsLeishmaniasis CutaneousPolymerase Chain ReactionYoung AdultCutaneous leishmaniasisInternal medicineEpidemiologyHIV SeropositivitymedicineHumansLeishmania majorCameroonYoung adultChildAgedLeishmania majorbiologyAIDS-Related Opportunistic Infectionsbusiness.industryPublic healthPublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthvirus diseasesInfantGeneral MedicineMiddle Agedmedicine.diseasebiology.organism_classificationVirologyInfectious DiseasesCross-Sectional StudiesChild PreschoolHIV-2CoinfectionHIV-1ParasitologyFemalePublic HealthbusinessTransactions of the Royal Society of Tropical Medicine and Hygiene
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Griffonianone D, an isoflavone with anti-inflammatory activity from the root bark of Millettia griffoniana.

2003

A new isoflavone, griffonianone D (1), and the previously known compounds durmillone and odorantin were isolated from a chloroform extract of the root bark of Millettia griffoniana. The structure of 1 was established as (7E)-(6",7"-dihydroxy-3",7"-dimethyloct-2"-enyl)oxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone on the basis of its spectral data. The chloroform extract of the root bark of M. griffoniana and compound 1 showed anti-inflammatory effects in different experimental models of inflammation.

Blood Plateletsmedicine.drug_classFlavonoidPharmaceutical SciencePlant RootsAnti-inflammatoryMillettiaPhospholipases AAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDrug DiscoveryBotanymedicineLeukocytesAnimalsEdemaHumansCameroonSpectral dataNuclear Magnetic Resonance BiomolecularPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationFlavonoidsChloroformPlants MedicinalTraditional medicinebiologyMolecular StructureOrganic ChemistryAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalGriffonianone DEarStereoisomerismbiology.organism_classificationIsoflavonesMillettiaRatsPhospholipases AComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryProstaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthasesvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPlant BarkMolecular MedicineBarkJournal of natural products
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Pharmacogenomics of Cameroonian traditional herbal medicine for cancer therapy

2011

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance A socio-economic burden associated with cancers is reported in Africa. Ethnopharmacological usages such as immune and skin disorders, inflammatory, and others chould be considered when selecting plants used to treat cancer, since these reflect disease states bearing relevance to cancer or a cancer symptoms. Materials and methods Documented compounds of Cameroonian medicinal plants were used as keywords in the National Cancer Institute (NCI) database to establish a library of cytotoxic compounds. Cellular and pharmacogenomic profiling was then performed for the 10 most cytotoxic natural products. By COMPARE and hierarchical cluster analyses, candidate …

Candidate geneMicroarrayCell SurvivalPharmacologyInhibitory Concentration 50chemistry.chemical_compoundCell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryAnimalsCluster AnalysisHumansMedicineCameroonRNA MessengerMedicinal plantsMedicine African TraditionalPharmacologyPlants MedicinalNatural productDose-Response Relationship DrugTraditional medicinebiologybusiness.industryGene Expression ProfilingPlumbaginbiology.organism_classificationAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicGene Expression Regulation NeoplasticGene expression profilingchemistryDrug Resistance NeoplasmPharmacogeneticsPharmacogenomicsPlant PreparationsDiospyros crassiflorabusinessJournal of Ethnopharmacology
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Cytotoxicity and modes of action of five Cameroonian medicinal plants against multi-factorial drug resistance of tumor cells

2013

Abstract Ethnopharmacological relevance Beilschmiedia acuta Kosterm, Clausena anisata (Willd) Hook, Fagara tessmannii Engl., Newbouldia laevis Seem., and Polyscias fulva (Hiern) Harms. are medicinal plants used in Cameroonian traditional medicine in the treatment of various types of cancers. The present study aims at investigating 11 methanolic extracts from the above Cameroonian medicinal plants on a panel of human cancer cell lines, including various drug-resistant phenotypes. Possible modes of action were analyzed for two extracts from Beilschmiedia acuta and Polyscia fulva and alpha-hederin, the representative constituent of Polyscia fulva. Materials and methods Cytotoxicity was determi…

Clausena anisataApoptosisFlow cytometryInhibitory Concentration 50Cell Line TumorNeoplasmsDrug DiscoveryBotanymedicineHumansCameroonCytotoxicityMode of actionMembrane Potential MitochondrialPharmacologyPlants MedicinalTraditional medicinebiologymedicine.diagnostic_testPlant ExtractsCell Cycle CheckpointsCell cyclebiology.organism_classificationAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicDrug Resistance NeoplasmApoptosisCell cultureCancer cellJournal of Ethnopharmacology
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Steroidal saponins from the aerial parts of Cordyline fruticosa L. var. strawberries.

2019

A new sulfated steroidal derivative (fruticogenin A: 1-sulfo-australigenin-3-sodium sulphate, 1) and three new steroidal saponins named fruticoside K (3-sulfo-spirostan-25(27)-ene-1β,3β-diol-1-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-fucopyranoside], 2), fruticoside L (3-sulfo-spirostan-25(27)-ene-1β,3β,6α-triol-1-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β-D-fucopyranoside], 3) and fruticoside M (spirostan-25(27)-ene-1β,3α-diol-1-O-[α-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)-α-L-rhamnopyranoside], 4) were isolated from the aerial parts of Cordyline fruticosa L. var. strawberries. Their structures were established on the basis of 1D and 2D NMR data, mass spectrometry and chemical methods. Compounds 2 and 4 exhibited weak …

Cordyline fruticosaCordylineStereochemistryPhytochemicalsBreast AdenocarcinomaMass spectrometrychemistry.chemical_compoundSulfationColon carcinomaCell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryHumansCameroonCytotoxicityPharmacologybiologyMolecular StructurePhytosterolsGeneral MedicinePlant Components AerialSaponinsbiology.organism_classificationAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicchemistryTwo-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyDerivative (chemistry)Fitoterapia
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Comparative study of the effectiveness of educational policies of inclusion in France and sub-Saharan Africa: a literature review

2013

Recommended by international bodies (UNESCO, 2006; 2008), inclusive education is based on the principle of equal opportunity. It aims to promote inclusion in the broad sense of the term by addressing specific audiences excluded or marginalized from educational systems. In recent years, regulatory frameworks have been defined for the education of certain categories excluded from educational systems including children with disabilities. Educational policies concerned with taking into account the needs of this group are also implemented. Do these policies promote effective integration of students with disabilities? To what extent can these policies be considered as effective? This paper presen…

EnfantEfficacitéSub-Saharan AfricaComparaison internationale[SHS.EDU]Humanities and Social Sciences/Education[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationPolitique éducativeHandicapInternational Comparison[ SHS.EDU ] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationEfficiencyAfrique subsaharienneeducational policyCamerounInclusive educationIntégration scolaireschool integrationFranceCameroonEthiopiaÉducation inclusiveScolarisationChildSchoolingEthiopie
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Izglītības sistēmu modernizācija efektīvai mācīšanai un vielas apguvei Kamerūnas vispārejā vidējā izglītībā

2022

Vidusskolu modernizācija piedāvā inovatīvus instrumentus mācību un mācīšanās procesu pārstrukturēšanai, sagatavojot skolēnus 21. gadsimta prasmēm. Tomēr nav pietiekamu pētījumu par to, kā izglītības modernizācija iederas dažādās Kamerūnas vidusskolu kultūrās un kā skolotāji un skolu vadītāji vidusskolās ar atšķirīgu pedagoģisko kompetenci un mācību pieredzi spēj darboties dažādās tīkla mācību vidēs. Šajā maģistra darbā aplūkotas skolotāju un administratoru perspektīvas par to, kā modernizēt vidējo izglītību, pamatojoties uz Kamerūnas vidusskolās veikto pētījumu. Pētījums tika veikts, izmantojot jaukto metožu pieeju, sajaucot kvantitatīvos un kvalitatīvos datus, kombinējot atvērtā un slēgtā …

Izglītības zinātnesEducation systemAssessmentCurriculum reformModernizationSecondary school in Cameroon
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Jusqu'où peut-on comparer les apprentissages scolaires ?

2007

The pertinent review for the early knowledge learning in school and their links with quality matters is a complex issue, expressly in a comparative approach when crossing the variety on the range for economic development. But the increasingly frequent reference for a universal basic knowledge, in a connection with a claim concerning a global convergence, as a necessity in self determination for everyone to apply for a minimum level in literacy, raises the question whereby the comparative description of the factors of effectiveness of the school. In this note, the objective is only centred on the concerns for a comparison in measurement relating to results of a common school test led to pupi…

Learning in schoolCamerounCommon school testsLearning in schoolCameroonApprentissage scolaireTest d'évaluationAnalyse comparativeFranceCamerounApprentissage scolaire[SHS.EDU] Humanities and Social Sciences/EducationCommon school testsAnalyse comparativeCameroonFrance[SHS.ECO] Humanities and Social Sciences/Economics and FinanceTest d'évaluation
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