Search results for "Candida albican"
showing 10 items of 314 documents
Transgenic Killer Commensal Bacteria as Mucosal Protectants
2001
As first line of defense against the majority of infections and primary site for their transmission, mucosal surfaces of the oral cavity and genitourinary, gastrointestinal, and respiratory tracts represent the most suitable sites to deliver protective agents for the prevention of infectious diseases. Mucosal protection is important not only for life threatening diseases but also for opportunistic infections which currently represent a serious burden in terms of morbidity, mortality, and cost of cures. Candida albicans is among the most prevalent causes of mucosal infections not only in immuno- compromised patients, such as HIV-infected subjects who are frequently affected by oral and esoph…
The Influence of Chemical Composition of Commercial Lemon Essential Oils on the Growth of Candida Strains
2013
Candida yeasts are saprophytes naturally present in the environment and forming colonies on human mucous membranes and skin. They are opportunistic fungi that cause severe and even fatal infections in immunocompromised individuals. Several essential oils, including eucalyptus, pine, cinnamon and lemon, have been shown to be effective against Candida strains. This study addresses the chemical composition of some commercial lemon essential oils and their antifungal potential against selected Candida yeast strains. Antifungal potential and minimum inhibitory concentrations were determined for six commercial lemon essential oils against five Candida yeast strains (Candida albicans 31, Candida t…
Comparison between Citral and Pompia Essential Oil Loaded in Phospholipid Vesicles for the Treatment of Skin and Mucosal Infections
2020
Citrus species extracts are well known sources of bio-functional compounds with health-promoting effects. In particular, essential oils are known for their antibacterial activity due to the high content of terpenes. In this work, the steam-distilled essential oil from the leaves of Citrus limon var. pompia was loaded in phospholipid vesicles. The physico-chemical characteristics of the essential oil loaded vesicles were compared with those of vesicles that were loaded with citral, which is one of the most abundant terpenes of Citrus essential oils. The biocompatibility of the vesicles was assessed in vitro in human keratinocytes. Furthermore, the antimicrobial activity of the vesicles was t…
Cell wall composition and protoplast regeneration in Candida albicans
1983
The transition of blastospores to the mycelial phase in Candida albicans was induced after the blastospores were kept at 4°C for several hours and then transferred to a fresh medium prewarmed at 37°C. Glucan was the most abundant polymer in the wall in the two morphogenetic forms but the amount of chitin was higher in the mycelial form than in blastospores. Efficient protoplasting required reducing agents and proteases together with β-glucanases (zymolyase). Protein synthesis in regenerating protoplasts was initiated after about 30 min. Chitin synthetase, initially very low, was incorporated in important amounts into cell membranes mainly in a zymogenic state. After a few hours chitin was t…
Monoclonal antibody 3H8: A useful tool in the diagnosis of candidiasis
1999
In a previous series of experiments six mAbs were obtained against cell wall extracts of Candida albicans ATCC 26555. After several studies only one of them, designated 3H8, has been used to produce a commercial kit for the rapid diagnosis of candidiasis, Bichro-latex albicans (Fomouze Diagnostics). The present study involved the generation and characterization of this mAb as an immunoglobulin G1 which recognizes mannoproteins of high molecular mass present in the C. albicans cell wall. ELISA assays showed that the presence of the epitope recognized by mAb 3H8 was similar in both yeast and mycelial cell walls of C. albicans, in contrast to the epitope for mAb 1B12, which is mainly expressed…
The C-terminal antibody binding domain ofCandida albicansmp58 represents a protective epitope during candidiasis
2003
The 58-kDa surface mannoprotein of Candida albicans (mp58) elicits strong antibody responses during infection. Epitope mapping with sera from patients with candidiasis and control individuals indicated the presence of multiple IgG-reactive continuous epitopes on the protein, expanding both the amino- and carboxy-terminal domains and several internal regions. These immunoreactive regions were similar to the ones previously identified using sera from immunized animals. Two of the epitopic regions (including the C-terminal domain) showed increased reactivity with antibodies present in sera from patients with candidiasis as compared to control individuals. Patients who survived the infection di…
Fab fragments from a monoclonal antibody against a germ tube mannoprotein block the yeast-to-mycelium transition in Candida albicans.
1990
Fab fragments prepared from the immunoglobulin G monoclonal antibody (MAb) 4C12, which reacts with a determinant expressed on the hyphal extension of germ tubes of Candida albicans, inhibited germ tube formation, but intact MAb 4C12 did not. Indirect immunofluorescence showed a punctate binding pattern on cells incubated with Fab fragments but a confluent binding on cells incubated with intact MAb 4C12.
Probiotic treatment in the oral cavity: An update
2009
Probiotics have been found to be beneficial to host health. Their primary use in medicine has been for the management of intestinal tract problems. In recent years, probiotics have been used as a treatment to promote oral health. The aim of the present study was to review published studies regarding probiotics and their effects on the oral cavity. Studies reporting the anticariogenic effects of probiotics, their use in the treatment of periodontal disease, a reduced crevicular fluid volume and cytokine content, as well as their use in the treatment of halitosis and Candida albicans were identified. Studies assessing residence time of probiotics in the oral cavity were also selected for retr…
Psoriasis: Embarking a dynamic shift in the skin microbiota
2021
Recent interest has arisen regarding the role of microbiome and its composition in the pathogenesis of psoriasis. Numerous studies have shown that there are alterations in skin flora arrangement between normal individuals and psoriatic patients. Psoriasis exacerbation could be interconnected with epidermal or mucosal colonization with streptococci, Malassezia, Staphylococcus aureus, or Candida albicans. The role of cutaneous and gut microbiome in psoriasis pathogenesis has recently been studied in both human and animal models. In this review, we try to evaluate various pathogenic mechanisms linking the microbiota and psoriasis. The literature research included peer-reviewed articles which i…
Molecular typing of Candida albicans isolates from patients and health care workers in a neonatal intensive care unit
2011
Aims: The aim of this study was to investigate the genetic relatedness between Candida albicans isolates and to assess their nosocomial origin and the likeliness of cross-transmission between health care workers (HCWs) and hospitalized neonates in a neonatal intensive care unit (NICU). Methods: We retrospectively analysed 82 isolates obtained from 40 neonates and seven isolates from onychomycosis of the fingers of five HCWs in a Tunisian NICU by using pulsed-field gel electrophoresis (PFGE) and randomly amplified polymorphic DNA (RAPD) analysis with CA1 and CA2 as primers. Results: In RAPD analysis, the discriminatory power (DP) of CA1 and CA2 primers was 0·86 and 0·81, respectively. A h…