Search results for "Diterpenes"

showing 10 items of 84 documents

Innovative technologies for the recovery of phytochemicals from Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni leaves: A review.

2018

Stevia rebaudiana Bertoni has gained increased industrial and scientific interests in the last 20 years, representing a suitable nutritional alternative to sucrose and artificial sweeteners. Moreover, this plant contains polyphenols, chlorophylls, and carotenoids that may be extracted for production of nutraceuticals and functional foods. Because of nutritional and technological advantages over sucrose, innovative approaches for the extraction of highly valued compounds from Stevia leaves have been developed and optimized. In contrast to conventional alternatives, innovative extraction methods allow higher yields in a shorter time, less usage of organic solvents, and reduced energy consumpt…

PhytochemicalsHealth benefits01 natural sciencesAnalytical Chemistry0404 agricultural biotechnologyNutraceuticalStevia rebaudiana ; Steviol glycosides ; Conventional extraction ; Functional ingredients ; Novel extraction techniquesSteviaFood scienceGlycosidesMathematicsbiology010401 analytical chemistryExtraction (chemistry)04 agricultural and veterinary sciencesGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classification040401 food scienceStevia0104 chemical sciencesPlant LeavesStevia rebaudianaPolyphenolSweetening AgentsExtraction methodsDiterpenes KauraneFood ScienceFood chemistry
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An ex vivo model of the rat trachea to study the effect of inhalable toxic compounds

1996

Different cell culture and organ systems are used to evaluate the physiological responses of the airways to the effects of carcinogenic [e.g., benzo(a)pyrene] and anticarcinogenic (e.g., retinoids) compounds on cellular growth and differentiation. However, in contrast to in vivo conditions dissociated epithelial cells or tracheal ring cultures are covered with medium. Therefore, we developed an ex vivo perfusion model enabling evaluation of morphology and metabolism of different compounds under near-physiological conditions. The trachea was surrounded with culture medium and perfused with air by means of a small animal respirator. To test the viability of the system under various experiment…

Retinyl EstersOligosaccharidesBiologyCell morphologyOrgan cultureXenobioticschemistry.chemical_compoundOrgan Culture TechniquesIn vivoLectinsAnimalsBenzopyrenesRats WistarVitamin ACarcinogenVitamin A DeficiencyGeneral MedicineRatsTracheaMicroscopy ElectronBenzo(a)pyrenechemistryBiochemistryCell culturePyreneDiterpenesEx vivoProtein BindingResearch in Experimental Medicine
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Sarcophytolide: a new neuroprotective compound from the soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum

1998

Abstract Bioactivity-guided fractionation of an alcohol extract of the soft coral Sarcophyton glaucum collected from the intertidal areas and the fringing coral reefs near Hurghada, Red Sea, Egypt resulted in the isolation of a new lactone cembrane diterpene, sarcophytolide. The structure of this compound was deduced from its spectroscopic data and by comparison of the spectral data with those of known closely related cembrane-type compounds. In antimicrobial assays, the isolated compound exhibited a good activity towards Staphylococcus aureus, Pseudomonas aeruginosa , and Saccharomyces cerevisiae. Sarcophytolide was found to display a strong cytoprotective effect against glutamate-induced …

Staphylococcus aureusProgrammed cell deathSecondary metaboliteToxicologyNeuroprotectionCnidariaMicechemistry.chemical_compoundmedicineAnimalsRats WistarGlutamate receptorNeurotoxicityBiological activitymedicine.diseaseMolecular biologyRatsNeuroprotective AgentsProto-Oncogene Proteins c-bcl-2chemistryBiochemistryNMDA receptorCalciumDiterpenesDiterpenemedicine.drugToxicology
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Synthesis and cytotoxic activity of novel C7-functionalized spongiane diterpenes.

2003

Based on two lead cytotoxic spongiane diterpenes, a new series of C7-oxygenated derivatives were synthesized and evaluated for their antitumor activity in vitro against the cancer cell lines HeLa and HEp-2. In general, introduction of either hydroxyl or acetoxy groups at C-7 did not improve the resultant cytotoxicity, while the presence of a butyrate ester led to more active compounds (CC(50)=4.0-9.5 microM).

StereochemistryClinical BiochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceAntineoplastic AgentsButyrateBiochemistryChemical synthesisHeLachemistry.chemical_compoundInhibitory Concentration 50Structure-Activity RelationshipCell Line TumorDrug DiscoveryStructure–activity relationshipHumansCytotoxicityMolecular Biologychemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyMolecular StructureOrganic Chemistrybiology.organism_classificationButyrateschemistryMolecular MedicineHemiacetalDiterpeneDiterpenesDrug Screening Assays AntitumorLactoneHeLa CellsBioorganicmedicinal chemistry
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Cytotoxic activity of diterpenoids isolated from the aerial parts of Elaeoselinum asclepium subsp. meoides.

2008

The phytochemical investigation of the acetone extract of the aerial parts of Elaeoselinum asclepium (L.) Bertol. subsp. meoides (Desf.) Fiori afforded several known diterpenoids as well as meoidic acid ( 5), new in the literature. The cytotoxic activities of elasclepic acid ( 1), ENT-atis-16-en-19-oic acid ( 2), ent-beyer-15-en-19-oic acid ( 3), ent-kaur-16-en-19-oic acid ( 4) and meoidic acid ( 5) were investigated on rat glioma C6 cells by evaluation of cell growth inhibition.

StereochemistryElaeoselinum asclepium subsp. meoides Umbelliferae diterpenoids meoidic acid cytotoxic activityPharmaceutical ScienceBiologyPharmacognosyAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCell Line TumorDrug Discoveryotorhinolaryngologic diseasesAcetoneCytotoxic T cellAnimalsCytotoxicityCell ProliferationPharmacologyMolecular StructureOrganic ChemistrySettore CHIM/06 - Chimica OrganicaElaeoselinum asclepium subsp. meoidesAntineoplastic Agents PhytogenicTerpenoidRatsComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryPhytochemicalMolecular MedicineDiterpeneDiterpenesApiaceaePlanta medica
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Labdane Diterpenoids from Marrubium globosum ssp. libanoticum

2006

From the aerial parts of Marrubium globosum ssp. libanoticum, seven labdane diterpenoids were isolated. Three of them are new natural products [(13R)-9alpha,13alpha-epoxylabda-6beta(19),16(15)-diol dilactone (2), deacetylvitexilactone (7), marrulanic acid (8)], whereas the other four, namely, (13S)-9alpha,13alpha-epoxylabda-6beta(19),16(15)-diol dilactone (1), cyllenin A (3), 15-epi-cyllenin A (4), and marrulibanoside, are previously known compounds. The structures of 2, 7, and 8 were determined by spectroscopic and chemical methods.

StereochemistryLEONURUSPharmaceutical SciencePharmacognosyAnalytical ChemistryLabdanechemistry.chemical_compoundDrug DiscoveryBotanyLebanonNuclear Magnetic Resonance BiomolecularPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationFolk medicinePlants MedicinalMolecular StructurebiologyOrganic Chemistrybiology.organism_classificationTerpenoidComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryMolecular MedicineDiterpenesDiterpeneLactoneMarrubiumMarrubiumJournal of Natural Products
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Clerodane diterpenoids from Salvia splendens.

2006

Four new clerodane diterpenoids, salvisplendins A-D (1-4), have been isolated from an acetone extract of the flowers of SalVia splendens, together with an artifact (5), arising from salvisplendin D (4) by addition of diazomethane, and the already known clerodane olearin (6). The structures of the new compounds (1-5) were established mainly by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies and, in the case of salvisplendin A (1), by chemical correlation with splenolide B (7). Complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments for olearin (6), not published hitherto, are also reported.

StereochemistryPharmaceutical ScienceFlowersSalviaAnalytical ChemistryDiterpenes Clerodanechemistry.chemical_compoundFour new clerodane diterpenoids salvisplendins A-D (1-4) have been isolated from an acetone extract of the flowers of SalVia splendens together with an artifact (5) arising from salvisplendin D (4) by addition of diazomethane and the already known clerodane olearin (6). The structures of the new compounds (1-5) were established mainly by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic studies and in the case of salvisplendin A (1) by chemical correlation with splenolide B (7). Complete 1H and 13C NMR assignments for olearin (6) not published hitherto are also reportedDrug DiscoveryOrganic chemistrySalviaNuclear Magnetic Resonance BiomolecularPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationPlants MedicinalbiologyMolecular StructureChemistryDiazomethaneOrganic ChemistryCarbon-13 NMRbiology.organism_classificationChemical correlationTerpenoidComplementary and alternative medicineItalyMolecular MedicineDiterpeneTwo-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyLactoneJournal of natural products
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Synthesis and antiviral activity of scopadulane-rearranged diterpenes.

2009

A new bioactive diterpene skeleton resulting from a backbone rearrangement is described. Activity of the rearranged product and several derivatives against Herpes Virus Simplex type 2 is reported.

StereochemistryvirusesHerpesvirus 2 HumanViral Plaque AssayBiologymedicine.disease_causeVirus ReplicationAntiviral AgentsViruschemistry.chemical_compoundInhibitory Concentration 50Pharmaceutical technologyVirologyChlorocebus aethiopsmedicineInhibitory concentration 50AnimalsVero CellsPharmacologyMolecular StructureTerpenoidHerpes simplex viruschemistryBiochemistryDiterpeneDiterpenesHerpes virus simplexAntiviral research
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Analytical characterization of diterpenoid resins present in pictorial varnishes using pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry with on line tr…

2005

Abstract A procedure based on the technique of the pyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometry (Py–GC–MS) has been applied, in this work, in order to determine the composition of diterpenoid resin employed in art works. The method is based on the on line derivatization of these resins using hexamethyldisilazane (HMDS). Results obtained were compared with those previously reported in literature from Venice turpentine, Strasbourg turpentine, colophony, sandarac and Manila copal using this same method and with those others from in situ thermally assisted hydrolysis and methylation with tetramethylammonium hydroxide (TMAH). Canada balsam, copper resinate and Copaiba balsam have been also ana…

Tetramethylammonium hydroxideChromatographySilylationOrganic ChemistryVarnishSandaracGeneral Medicineengineering.materialSensitivity and SpecificityBiochemistryGas Chromatography-Mass SpectrometryAnalytical ChemistryPyrolysis–gas chromatography–mass spectrometrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCanada balsamvisual_artPaintengineeringvisual_art.visual_art_mediumOrganic chemistryGas chromatographyDiterpenesDerivatizationJournal of Chromatography A
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Cytotoxic neo-clerodane diterpenes from Stachys aegyptiaca

2018

Abstract Two new E/Z neo-clerodane diterpene isomers, trivially named stachaegyptin D (1) and E (2), together with known compounds, stachysolon monoacetate (3) and stachysolon diacetate (4), were isolated from an organic-solvent extract of the medicinal herb Stachys aegyptiaca. Structures were elucidated by a combination of spectroscopic methods, including HREIMS, 1H, 13C, DEPT, and 2D NMR analysis, as well as, first time X-ray analysis for stachysolone (3). All isolated metabolites showed some activity against the human hepatocellular cell line, HepG2. Compound 4 was the most active with an IC50 of 59.5 μM.

Traditional medicine010405 organic chemistryPlant ScienceDEPT01 natural sciencesBiochemistry0104 chemical sciences010404 medicinal & biomolecular chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryClerodane DiterpenesCytotoxic T cellMedicinal herbsDiterpeneAgronomy and Crop ScienceTwo-dimensional nuclear magnetic resonance spectroscopyBiotechnologyStachys aegyptiacaPhytochemistry Letters
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