Search results for "Fungus"
showing 10 items of 156 documents
Metarhizium anisopliae, a potential agent for the control of grape phylloxera
2004
This investigation deals with the control effects of the insect pathogenic fungus Metarhizium anisopliae var. anisopliae on Daktulosphaira vitifoliae. In pot experiments, the soil surrounding phylloxera-infected grapes was inoculated with barley colonised with M. anisopliae. After thirty-two days, ineight of ten Metarhizium-applied pots nofresh phylloxera infections could be observed.In two of ten plants, a few fresh nodositiessingly occupied with phylloxera or phylloxeraeggs could be found. In all untreated plants,fresh nodosities with either single (two of sixplants) or multiple (four of six plants)occupation with phylloxera could be observed.M. anisopliae could be re-isolated in aconcent…
Supression of Botrytis cinerea causing grey mould disease of grape vine (Vitis vinifera) and its pectinolytic activities by a soil bacterium
1997
Abstract Botrytis cinerea was found to be pathogenic to grapevine, producing characteristic grey mould symptoms within 7 days of inoculation into vitroplants. An endospore forming bacterial strain (GI 070), Bacillus circulans, was found to be antagonist against this disease causing fungus. Under laboratory conditions the bacterial culture or its filtrate brings about complete suppression of the fungus in Petri-dishes and the grey mould symptoms on grapevine vitroplants. Pectinolytic activities (Polygalacaturonase, Pectin lyases) of Botrytis cinerea were also influenced by these bacteria. Details of the fungal parasite, its biological control and its pectinolytic activities are discussed in …
Leptocorticium gloeocystidiatum sp. nov. (Basidiomycota), a new corticioid fungus from Sicily, Italy
2014
A new corticioid species, Leptocorticium gloeocystidiatum is described from Sicily, Italy. It is characterized by a resupinate, buff-coloured basidiome and microscopically by the presence of filiform leptocystidia, gloeocystidia, dendrohyphidia, and small ellipsoid, smooth basidiospores, non-reacting in Melzer's reagent. The species is compared with closest relatives. A key to the accepted species of Leptocorticium is provided.
Ophiobolin Sesterterpenoids and Pyrrolidine Alkaloids from the Sponge-Derived Fungus Aspergillus ustus
2011
Chemical examination of the fungus Aspergillus ustus isolated from the Mediterranean sponge Suberites domuncula yielded the five new ophiobolin-type sesterterpenoids 1–5 and the two new pyrrolidine alkaloids 6 and 7, together with the known compound aurantiamine and cerebroside D. The structures of the new compounds were unambiguously elucidated on the basis of extensive spectroscopic-data analysis (1D- and 2D-NMR, MS, and UV) and comparison with literature data. All compounds were evaluated for their cytotoxicity against murine lymphoma cell line L5178Y.
Coumarin derivatives from Pedilanthus tithymaloides as inhibitors of conidial germination in Magnaporthe oryzae
2012
In a screening for inhibitors of infection-related morphogenesis in the rice blast fungus Magnaporthe oryzae, a series of 10 coumarin derivatives were isolated from Pedilanthus tithymaloides (Euphorbiaceae). Seven of these compounds turned out to be known while three represent previously unreported natural products. Their structures were established on the basis of spectroscopic data and X-ray crystallography. Nine out of 10 coumarin derivatives were found to inhibit conidial germination in the phytopathogenic fungus at low concentrations.
Wanted : pathogenesis-related marker molecules for Fusarium oxysporum
2003
Summary Although Fusarium oxysporum pathogens cause severe wilts in about 80 botanical species, the mechanisms of pathogenicity and symptom induction are poorly understood. Knowledge about the genetic and biochemical pathways involved in the pathogenesis of F. oxysporum would be invaluable in getting targets for both fungicide development and search for biocontrol agents. In this respect, we described the main approaches that have been developed to identify some mechanisms underlying the pathogenesis of F. oxysporum . During the last decades, the potential functions triggering of F. oysporum pathogenicity have mainly been investigated by comparing soilborne pathogenic strains with nonpathog…
Molecular and taxonomic characterization of a endophytic fungus isolated from Helleborus bocconei subsp. intermedius (Ranunculaceae)
2014
A non-sporulating fungus was isolated from different organs of Helleborus bocconei subsp. intermedius (Ranunculaceae) endemic to southern Italy and Sicily, known for the traditional use of dried roots in the treatment of lung diseases of cattle and horses. Molecular characterization of endophytic fungus based on the internal transcribed spacer (ITS) region of the rRNA gene sequences was done. The DNA sequence of full length ITS region of the studied fungus was a 100% match to that of Chaetomium strumarium strain dH 21642 (GenBank accession number JX280851.1). The morphological characters of colony and mycelium of this microfungus are reported here.
A new species ofPythiumisolated from burgundian vineyards and its antagonism towardsBotrytis cinerea, the causative agent of the grey mould disease
2004
During the course of an investigation on the pythiaceous fungi occurring in burgundian vineyards, three isolates of Pythium were found, all of which were characterised by spherical to lemoniform, proliferating sporangia. Only one out of these three isolates produced sexual characters (S-12) after prolonged incubation, but their asexual structures, temperature growth relationship and molecular characteristics were identical. Saprolegnia-type internal proliferation of the sporangia, and Phytophthora-type lemoniform, papillate sporangia were characteristic of all the three isolates. The type specimen is S-12 which is a medium slow growing saprophyte. The sequence of its ITS region of the rDNA …
Induction of cryptic metabolites of the endophytic fungus Trichocladium sp. through OSMAC and co-cultivation
2019
The endophytic fungus Trichocladium sp. isolated from roots of Houttuynia cordata was cultured on solid rice medium, yielding a new amidepsine derivative (1) and a new reduced spiro azaphilone derivative (3) together with eight known compounds (4–11). Co-cultivation of Trichocladium sp. with Bacillus subtilis resulted in induction of a further new compound (2) and a 10-fold increase of 11 compared to the axenic fungal culture. Moreover, when the fungus was cultivated on peas instead of rice, a new sesquiterpene derivative (13) and two known compounds (12 and 14) were obtained. Addition of 2% tryptophan to rice medium led to the isolation of a new bismacrolactone (15). The structures of the …
Polyketides and nitrogenous metabolites from the endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. D15a2a
2019
Abstract Three new polyketides, phomopones A−C (1–3), one new cyclic tetrapeptide, 18-hydroxydihydrotentoxin (4), and a new amide, 6-hydroxyenamidin (5) together with a known derivative, enamindin (6) were obtained from the endophytic fungus Phomopsis sp. D15a2a isolated from the plant Alternanthera bettzickiana. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated by 1D, 2D NMR and HRMS data. The absolute configurations of the isolated metabolites were determined either by X-ray crystallography, Marfey’s method or by converting the compounds to Mosher esters.