Search results for "HEMODYNAMICS"
showing 10 items of 511 documents
Intraoperative clonidine modulates sympathetic tone in the early postoperative period after remifentanil. A double blind, placebo-controlled study
1999
Abstract Aim of the study : Severe pain following major surgery can impair the control of the cardiovascular system (CVS) by causing sympathetic stimulation, possibly leading to myocardial ischaemia. In this study we examine the influence of intraoperative intravenous (i.v.) clonidine infusion on postoperative analgesia and blood concentrations of noradrenaline and adrenaline after major gynaecological surgery. Methods : All patients underwent an abdominal hysterectomy under balanced general anaesthesia using the new opioid remifentanil. The patients were randomised to receive either 5 μg kg −1 of i.v. clonidine intraoperatively ( n =20), or placebo ( n =20). Over a period of 240 minutes po…
Global End-Diastolic Volume
2021
Global end-diastolic volume (GEDV) as determined at the bedside by the transpulmonary technique is a reliable marker of cardiac preload in critically ill patients. As shown by numerous studies, GEDV is superior to cardiac filling pressures in various settings in anesthesia and intensive care medicine in patients undergoing mechanical ventilation. Furthermore, in scenarios such as open-chest conditions, GEDV should be particularly considered and used for these purposes as dynamic parameters are associated with limitations. Clinical data from patients undergoing elective cardiac and noncardiac surgery showed that goal-directed treatment using GEDV for preload assessment is associated with the…
Flow cytometric analysis of peroxidative activity in granulocytes from coronary and peripheral blood in acute myocardial ischemia and reperfusion in …
1999
BACKGROUND Methionine has shown protective effects in experimental models of myocardial infarction and is highly reactive to oxidative compounds produced by polymorphonuclear leukocytes (PMN), which in turn have been associated with myocardial damage. We have investigated the effect of methionine administration on spontaneous leukocyte peroxidative activity in myocardial ischemia and reperfusion. METHODS In anesthetized dogs, with coronary occlusion (90 min) and reperfusion (90 min), PMN activation was measured by flow cytometric determination of H(2)O(2) with dihydrorhodamine 123, and correlated to hemodynamic parameters and infarct presence. To assess a possible direct effect of methionin…
Is it possible to predict late antepartum stillbirth by means of cerebroplacental ratio and maternal characteristics?
2019
Objective: To examine the potential value of fetal ultrasound and maternal characteristics in the prediction of antepartum stillbirth after 32 weeks’ gestation. Methods: This was a retrospective multicenter study in Spain. In 29 pregnancies, umbilical artery pulsatility index (UA PI), middle cerebral artery pulsatility index (MCA PI), cerebroplacental ratio (CPR), estimated fetal weight (EFW), and maternal characteristics were recorded within 15 days prior to a stillbirth. The values of UA PI, MCA PI, and CPR were converted into multiples of the normal median (MoM) for gestational age and the EFW was expressed as percentile according to a Spanish reference range for gestational age. Data fr…
Modelización computacional cardiaca
2020
Resumen Las enfermedades cardiovasculares tienen en la actualidad un gran impacto social y economico y constituyen una de las principales causas de mortalidad y morbilidad. Los modelos computacionales personalizados del corazon estan demostrando ser utiles tanto para ayudar a comprender los mecanismos subyacentes a las patologias cardiacas como para optimizar su tratamiento prediciendo la respuesta del paciente. En este contexto, se ha puesto en marcha la Red Espanola de Investigacion en Modelizacion Computacional Cardiaca (V-Heart SN). El objetivo general de V-Heart SN es el desarrollo de un modelo computacional multifisico y multiescala integrado del corazon. Este objetivo general se abor…
A surgical model for isolating the pig liver in vivo for gene therapy.
2013
Several studies report results that suggest the need of vascularization blocking for efficient gene transfer to the liver, especially in nonviral gene therapy. In this study, we describe a surgical strategy for in vivo isolation of the pig liver, resulting in a vascular watertight organ that allows the evaluation of several gene injection conditions. The hepatic artery and portal, suprahepatic and infrahepatic cava veins were dissected. Then, liver vascularization was excluded for 5-7 min. In that time, we first injected 200 ml saline solution containing the p3c-eGFP plasmid (20 µg/ml) simultaneously through two different catheters placed in the portal and cava veins, respectively. Vital co…
Recovery from chronic diseases of consciousness: State of the art in neuromodulation for persistent vegetative state and minimally conscious state
2017
Chronic diseases of consciousness (CDC) can still be considered a challenging frontier for modern medicine, probably because of their not completely understood physiopathological mechanisms. Following encouraging evidence on cerebral hemodynamics, some authors have hypothesized a role for neuromodulation in the treatment of CDC patients. In the past 40 years, spinal cord stimulation (SCS) and deep brain stimulation (DBS) have been used experimentally for the treatment of patients in a severe altered state of consciousness, with some interesting but not conclusive results. The present review summarizes the data currently available in the literature on this particular and debated topic. On th…
Comparative split-mouth study of the anesthetic efficacy of 4% articaine versus 0.5% bupivacaine in impacted mandibular third molar extraction
2013
Objective: The purpose of this study was to compare the clinical efficacy of articaine at 4% (epinephrine 1:100,000) with bupivacaine at 0.5% (epinephrine 1:200,000) for surgical extraction of impacted mandibular third molars. Study Design: This was a randomized, double blind, split-mouth, clinical trial. Thirty-six patients took part and underwent extraction of 72 lower third molars. The variables studied were: anesthetic latency time, intra-operative bleeding, anesthetic quality, hemodynamic changes during the surgical intervention, anesthetic duration in the soft tissues, post-operative analgesia and post-operative pain at 2, 6, 12 and 24 hours using a visual analogue scale, as well as a…
Using FFR to Detect Ischemia in Myocardial Bridge Lesions
2016
Beyond atherosclerosis, a number of other phenomena may result in cardiac ischemia. Among these, extracoronary compression due to myocardial bridges may cause a dynamic stenosis and typical angina. The assessment of the hemodynamic relevance and the treatment of such lesions have unique characteristics that are due to the fact that extracoronary compression from myocardial bridges is mostly a systolic phenomenon and is dependent on the inotropic state. The consequence is that other hyperemic stimuli, such as dobutamine, may be more adequate to unveil ischemia in these settings.
Hemodynamic effects of experimental testicular torsion.
1987
Experimental testicular torsion must be used for certain studies of clinical relevance, but most experimental models either do not provide hemodynamic alteration comparable to the clinical situation or cannot guarantee reproducibility. Using a rat model arterial perfusion and hemorrhagic infarction were correlated to the degree of both intra- and extravaginal testicular torsion. Arterial inflow was measured sequentially with radiolabelled microspheres, hemorrhagic infarction was judged by the increase of testicular weight. Maximal hemorrhagic infarction and reproducible values were found when the spermatic cord was twisted together with the tunica vaginalis for 360 degrees-540 degrees.