Search results for "Homogeneous catalysi"

Hyperbranched polyethylenimine-supported copper(II) ions as a macroliganted homogenous catalyst for strict click reactions of azides and alkynes in w…

2019

Abstract Loading hyperbranched polyethylenimine (PEI) with copper(II) ions leads to the formation of a new water-soluble metallodendritic polymer Cu(II)-PEI that has been found to effectively catalyze the clickable azide-alkyne [3 + 2] cycloaddition reactions in water under ambient conditions, in the lack of any external reducing agent. A positive dendritic effect on the catalyst activity was observed in the click of 1,2,3-triazole by lowering the reduction potential of copper(II) into the in-situ generation of the catalytically active species copper(I). The reaction proceeds straightforwardly to afford the corresponding 1,4-disubstituted-1,2,3-triazole derivatives in a regioselective manne…

(Co)polymerization behavior of supported metallocene catalysts. I. Ligand and substituent effect

2005

Ethylene polymerization and its copolymerization with 1-hexene with a set of supported metallocene catalysts were studied. As a carrier, the complex of mag- nesium chloride with tetrahydrofuran, which was previously pretreated with a triiso- butylaluminium (TIBA), was used. The investigated metallocene compound differs in the metal type (Zr or Ti), the nature of the alkyl substituent in the cyclopentadienyl ring, and the type of ligand (Cp or Ind). The effect of catalyst composition on the anchored metal content, catalyst activity, comonomer reactivity, and polymer proper- ties was investigated. The results obtained with supported catalysts were compared with those obtained with their homog…

Scandium-catalyzed preparation of cytotoxic 3-functionalized quinolin-2-ones: Regioselective ring enlargement of isatins or imino isatins

2012

Trimethylsilyldiazomethane in the presence of catalytic amounts of Sc(OTf) 3 smoothly promotes the ring expansion of isatins or imino isatins to efficiently afford 3-functionalized quinolin-2-ones through controlled ring enlargement. Whereas the ring-expansion reaction of azetidine-2,3-diones led to the adduct resulting from migration of the carbonyl group, the ring-expansion reaction of oxindole derivatives gave the adduct resulting from migration of the aryl group. To rationalize the experimental observations, theoretical studies have been performed. Moreover, the biological activity of some of the synthesized heterocycles has been evaluated in four cancer cell lines. © 2012 Wiley-VCH Ver…

Pd-catalyzed amination in the synthesis of cyclen-based macrotricycles

2012

Abstract Three approaches to three types of cyclen-based macrotricycles have been elaborated starting from trans-bis(3-bromobenzyl)cyclen. The macrotricycles were synthesized via Pd-catalyzed amination. The first approach employed consecutive macrocyclization and benzylation steps giving a cage-like tricycle. In the second, cyclen amino groups were Boc-protected prior to formation of the second and the third rings. In the third method, macrotricycles were synthesized according to a one-step procedure using diazacrown ethers.

Synthetic Application of Homogeneous Charge Transfer Catalysis in the Electrocarboxylation of Benzyl Halides

1998

The results of an investigation on the performances of some outer sphere electron transfer homogeneous catalysts in the electrocarboxylation of 1-(p-isobutyl-phenyl)-1-chloroethane to 2-(p-isobutyl-phenyl)-propionic acid (Ibuprofen), using as catalysts the esters of benzoic and o-, m-, and p-phtalic acids, are reported. The performances of the catalysts are evaluated on the basis of the following parameters: faradic yields of the carboxylation and decomposition of the catalyst. The performances of dimethylisophtalate have been examined in greater detail. The rate of decomposition of the catalyst is related to the molar ratio [halide]/[catalyst].

Ionic Liquids in Biphasic Ethylene Polymerisation

2011

Over the past several years there has been a considerable increase in the interest of ionic liquids as versatile reaction media for a wide variety of synthetic processes. The popularity of ionic liquids has been related primarily to their unique physical and chemical properties, which can be tailored by the judicious selection of cations and anions. These properties make it possible to use ionic liquids as solvents for many organic, inorganic, and organometallic compounds, including catalysts and co-catalysts, for various types of reactions. In particular, the polar but weakly coordinating character of ionic liquids enables them to be applied as mediums in catalysis, to immobilize various k…

Organolanthanides as single component homogeneous catalysts for isoprenehex—1-ene co-polymerisation

1999

Abstract Bisallylansalanthanide complexes act as single component catalysts of diene polymerisation; from an equimolar mixture of isoprene and hex-1-ene, a co-polymer hex-1-ene/isoprene = 1:10 is obtained, this copolymer is essentially formed of 1,4- trans polyisoprene blocks separated by only one inserted hexyl group.

Organocatalytic approach to benzofused nitrogen-containing heterocycles: enantioselective total synthesis of (+)-angustureine.

2008

Catalytic activity of solvated and unsolvated lanthanide halides in Friedel–Crafts acylations

2000

Abstract Anhydrous lanthanide halides — chlorides and bromides — can act as homogeneous catalysts of Friedel–Crafts acylations. The catalytic activity is related to the solubility of these anhydrous salts. More soluble THF or dioxane (Diox.) neodymium and samarium adducts are more active catalysts.

Tailoring polymers through interplay of ligands within precatalysts: 8-(Nitro/benzhydryl-arylimino)-7,7-dimethyl-5,6-dihydroquinolylnickel halides in…

2017

A series of 8-(nitro/benzhydryl-substituted arylimino)-7,7-dimethyl-5,6-dihydroquinolines and the corresponding nickel halide complexes were synthesized and characterized. Molecular structures of representative nickel complexes were determined by single crystal X-ray diffraction, showing the dinuclear dimers with distorted square-pyramidal geometry around the nickel center. The binding energies determined by X-ray photoelectron spectroscopy (XPS) indicate the effective coordination between the sp2-nitrogen and nickel atoms as well as the influence of both the halogen ligands and the substituents within dihydroquinolines on the strength of the NiN bond. Ethylene polymerization with the nicke…