Search results for "JUNCTION"

showing 10 items of 862 documents

Nitride-based heterostructures grown by MOCVD for near- and mid-infrared intersubband transitions

2007

Intersubband (lSB) optical absorption in different nitride-based heterostructures grown by metal-organic chemical vapour deposition (MOCVD) is reported. The role of indium in AlInN/GaN multi-quantum wells (MQWs) is investigated. At high concentration (15%) AlInN is quasi lattice-matched to GaN and no cracks appear in the structure. At very low indium concentration (similar to 2%) the material quality is improved without decreasing the ISB transition wavelength with respect to the case of indium-free structures. Different mechanisms of strain relaxation in pure and 2% indium-doped AlN/GaN MQW structures are also investigated. ISB transition wavelengths of 2 urn for AlN/GaN MQWs, and 3 mu n f…

Materials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyCondensed matter physicsbusiness.industryMULTIPLE-QUANTUM WELLSMU-MInfrared spectroscopychemistry.chemical_elementHeterojunctionSurfaces and InterfacesChemical vapor depositionNitrideCondensed Matter PhysicsSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialschemistryMaterials ChemistryABSORPTIONOptoelectronicsMetalorganic vapour phase epitaxyElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessIndiumQuantum well
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Synthesis and characterization of GaN/ReS2, ZnS/ReS2 and ZnO/ReS2 core/shell nanowire heterostructures

2020

This research was funded by the ERDF project “Smart Metal Oxide Nanocoatings and HIPIMS Technology”, project number: 1.1.1.1/18/A/073. Institute of Solid State Physics, University of Latvia as the Center of Excellence has received funding from the European Union’s Horizon 2020 Framework Programme H2020-WIDESPREAD-01-2016-2017-TeamingPhase2 under grant agreement No. 739508, project CAMART².

Materials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyNanowireGeneral Physics and Astronomy02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences7. Clean energylaw.inventionlawMonolayer:NATURAL SCIENCES:Physics [Research Subject Categories]Layered materialsElectron microscopyX-ray absorption spectroscopyReS2business.industryGrapheneX-ray absorption spectroscopyHeterojunctionSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsX-ray diffraction0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsSemiconductorRaman spectroscopyCore-shell nanowireOptoelectronicsDirect and indirect band gaps0210 nano-technologybusinessApplied Surface Science
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Helium gas pressure cell for pressures up to 1 kbar (0.1 GPa) in conjunction with the cold head of a closed-cycle He refrigerator

1997

A helium gas pressure cell for pressures up to 1 kbar (0.1 GPa) has been developed in conjunction with a closed-cycle He refrigerator allowing variable temperatures between 15 and 300 K. Both cell and refrigerator are equipped with optical windows suitable for photophysical measurements, such as temperature- and pressure-dependent absorption spectroscopy or laser flash photolysis. Examples of measurements on iron(II) spin-crossover systems are given. In these compounds, comparatively small external pressures induce significant changes in the thermodynamic equilibrium as well as in the relaxation dynamics.

Materials scienceAbsorption spectroscopyThermodynamic equilibriumApplied MathematicsConjunction (astronomy)Refrigerator carThermodynamicsLaserlaw.inventionlawddc:540Head (vessel)Relaxation (physics)Flash photolysisInstrumentationEngineering (miscellaneous)
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Thin film growth and band lineup of In2O3 on the layered semiconductor InSe

1999

Thin films of the transparent conducting oxide In2O3 have been prepared in ultrahigh vacuum by reactive evaporation of indium. X-ray diffraction, optical, and electrical measurements were used to characterize properties of films deposited on transparent insulating mica substrates under variation of the oxygen pressure. Photoelectron spectroscopy was used to investigate in situ the interface formation between In2O3 and the layered semiconductor InSe. For thick In2O3 films a work function of φ = 4.3 eV and a surface Fermi level position of EF−EV = 3.0 eV is determined, giving an ionization potential IP = 7.3 eV and an electron affinity χ = 3.7 eV. The interface exhibits a type I band alignmen…

Materials scienceAnalytical chemistryIonisation potentialGeneral Physics and AstronomyWork functionPhotoelectron spectrasymbols.namesakeX-ray photoelectron spectroscopyIndium compounds:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Electron affinityWork functionThin filmbusiness.industryFermi levelUNESCO::FÍSICAHeterojunctionInterface statesBand structureEvaporation (deposition)X-ray diffractionElectron affinitySemiconductorVacuum depositionIndium compounds ; Vacuum deposition ; X-ray diffraction ; Photoelectron spectra ; Semiconductor-insulator boundaries ; Work function ; Fermi level ; Ionisation potential ; Electron affinity ; Interface states ; Band structureFermi levelsymbolsSemiconductor-insulator boundariesOptoelectronicsbusiness
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Modification of the sheet resistance under Ti/Al/Ni/Au Ohmic contacts on AlGaN/GaN heterostructures

2018

This paper reports on the modification of the sheet resistance under Ti/Al/Ni/Au Ohmic contacts on AlGaN/GaN heterostructures, studied by means of Transmission Line Model (TLM) structures, morphological and structural analyses, as well as computer simulations. In particular, the contacts exhibited an Ohmic behaviour after annealing at 800 degrees C, with a specific contact resistance rho(c) = (2.4 +/- 0.2) x 10(-5) Omega cm(2), which was associated to morphological and structural changes of both the metal layer and the interface. Interestingly, TLM analyses gave a value of the sheet resistance under the contact (R-SK = 26.1 +/- 5.0 Omega/rectangle) significantly lower than that measured out…

Materials scienceAnnealing (metallurgy)Algan gan02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesMetal0103 physical sciencesAlGaN/GaN heterostructuresGeneral Materials ScienceComposite materialOhmic contactSheet resistanceOhmic contacts010302 applied physicsbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringContact resistanceTransmission Line ModelHeterojunction021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsSemiconductorMechanics of Materialsvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumTi/Al/Ni/Au0210 nano-technologybusiness
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Stability, sub-gap current, 1/f-noise, and elemental depth profiling of annealed Al:Mn-AlOX-Al normal metal-insulator-superconducting tunnel junctions

2016

In this paper we report a study of the effect of vacuum annealing at 400◦C on the properties of normal metal-insulator-superconductor (NIS) tunnel junctions, with manganese doped aluminium (Al:Mn) as the normal metal, aluminum as the superconductor and amorphous aluminum oxide as the tunneling barrier (Al:Mn-AlOx-Al). The annealing treatment improves the stability of the junctions, increases their tunneling resistance and does not have a negative impact on the low-temperature current-voltage characteristics. The measured 1 / f resistance noise of the junctions also changes after annealing, in the best case decreasing by over an order of magnitude. All these observations show that annealing …

Materials scienceAnnealing (metallurgy)General Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologyManganese01 natural sciencesAluminiumElectrical resistivity and conductivitysuperconducting tunnel junctions0103 physical sciences010306 general physicsQuantum tunnellingSuperconductivityta114Condensed matter physicsDopingMetallurgy021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologylcsh:QC1-999Amorphous solidtunnel junctionschemistrysuperconducting metals0210 nano-technologylcsh:PhysicsAIP Advances
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Sub-gap defect density characterization of molybdenum oxide: An annealing study for solar cell applications

2020

AbstractThe application of molybdenum oxide in the photovoltaic field is gaining traction as this material can be deployed in doping-free heterojunction solar cells in the role of hole selective contact. For modeling-based optimization of such contact, knowledge of the molybdenum oxide defect density of states (DOS) is crucial. In this paper, we report a method to extract the defect density through nondestructive optical measures, including the contribution given by small polaron optical transitions. The presence of defects related to oxygen-vacancy and of polaron is supported by the results of our opto-electrical characterizations along with the evaluation of previous observations. As part…

Materials scienceAnnealing (metallurgy)Oxide02 engineering and technologyPolaronSettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica01 natural scienceslaw.inventionmolybdenum oxidechemistry.chemical_compoundlaw0103 physical sciencesThermalSolar cellGeneral Materials Sciencepolaron theoryElectrical and Electronic Engineering010302 applied physicsbusiness.industrysilicon heterojunction solar cellHeterojunction021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter PhysicsAtomic and Molecular Physics and Opticschemistrymolybdenum oxide density of states polaron theory silicon heterojunction solar celldensity of statesDensity of statesOptoelectronicsDensity functional theory0210 nano-technologybusiness
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A Very Low Band Gap Diketopyrrolopyrrole-Porphyrin Conjugated Polymer

2017

International audience; A porphyrin-diketopyrrolopyrrole-containing polymer (poly(porphyrin-diketopyrrolopyrrole) (PPDPP)) shows impressive molar absorption coefficients from lambda=300 to 1000 nm. The photophysical and structural properties of PPDPP have been studied. With PPDPP as the electron donor and [ 6,6]phenyl C-71 butyric acid methyl ester (PC71BM) as the electron acceptor, the bulk heterojunction polymer solar cell showed overall power conversion efficiencies of 4.18 and 6.44% for as-cast and two-step annealing processed PPDPP: PC71BM (1: 2) active layers, respectively. These results are quite impressive for porphyrin-containing polymers, especially when directly included in the p…

Materials scienceBand gapbuilding-blockporphyrinoidsElectron donorthin-film transistors02 engineering and technologyConjugated system010402 general chemistryPhotochemistry[ CHIM ] Chemical Sciences01 natural sciencesPolymer solar cellheterojunction solar-cellschemistry.chemical_compound[CHIM]Chemical Sciencessmall-moleculepolymerschemistry.chemical_classificationsemiconducting polymerscharge transferGeneral ChemistryPolymerChromophoreElectron acceptorside-chains021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyPorphyrinphotovoltaic properties0104 chemical sciencesphotodynamic therapychemistryorganic photovoltaics0210 nano-technologyabsorptionperformanceconjugationChemPlusChem
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The structural properties of GaN insertions in GaN/AlN nanocolumn heterostructures.

2009

The strain state of 1 and 2.5 nm thick GaN insertions in GaN/AlN nanocolumn heterostructures has been studied by means of a combination of high resolution transmission electron microscopy, Raman spectroscopy and theoretical modeling. It is found that 2.5 nm thick GaN insertions are partially relaxed, which has been attributed to the presence of dislocations in the external AlN capping layer, in close relationship with the morphology of GaN insertions and with the AlN capping mechanism. The observed plastic relaxation in AlN is consistent with the small critical thickness expected for GaN/AlN radial heterostructures.

Materials scienceBioengineering02 engineering and technologyNitride01 natural sciencessymbols.namesake0103 physical sciencesMicroscopyGeneral Materials ScienceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringHigh-resolution transmission electron microscopySpectroscopyComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUS010302 applied physicsbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringHeterojunctionGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCrystallographic defectMechanics of MaterialsTransmission electron microscopysymbols[PHYS.COND.CM-MS]Physics [physics]/Condensed Matter [cond-mat]/Materials Science [cond-mat.mtrl-sci]Optoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessRaman spectroscopyNanotechnology
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Lumped parameter approach of nonlinear networks with transistors

1991

In this chapter we study the lumped parameter modelling of a large class of circuits composed of bipolar transistors, junction diodes and passive elements (resistors, capacitors, inductors). All these elements are nonlinear: the semiconductor components are modelled by “large signal” equivalent schemes, the capacitors and inductors have monotone characteristics while the resistors can be included in a multiport which also has a monotone description.

Materials scienceBipolar junction transistorTransistorHardware_PERFORMANCEANDRELIABILITYInductorTopologySignalComputer Science::Otherlaw.inventionComputer Science::Hardware ArchitectureNonlinear systemCapacitorComputer Science::Emerging TechnologiesHardware_GENERALlawHardware_INTEGRATEDCIRCUITSResistorHardware_LOGICDESIGNElectronic circuit
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