Search results for "Note"

showing 10 items of 10709 documents

Atomistic Simulations of Functional Au_{144}(SR)_{60} Gold Nanoparticles in Aqueous Environment

2012

Charged monolayer-protected gold nanoparticles (AuNPs) have been studied in aqueous solution by performing atomistic molecular dynamics simulations at physiological temperature (310 K). Particular attention has been paid to electrostatic properties that modulate the formation of a complex comprised of the nanoparticle together with surrounding ions and water. We focus on Au-144 nanoparticles that comprise a nearly spherical Au core (diameter similar to 2 nm), a passivating Au-S interface, and functionalized alkanethiol chains. Cationic and anionic AuNPs have been modeled with amine and carboxyl terminal groups and Cl-/Na+ counterions, respectively. The radial distribution functions show tha…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAqueous solutionta114ChemistryCationic polymerizationNanoparticleNanotechnologySurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsMolecular dynamicsGeneral EnergySolvation shellChemical engineeringColloidal goldSide chainPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryCounterionThe Journal of Physical Chemistry C
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Suppression of new particle formation from monoterpene oxidation by NO<sub>x</sub>

2014

Abstract. The impact of nitrogen oxides (NOx = NO + NO2) on new particle formation (NPF) and on photochemical ozone production from real plant volatile organic compound (BVOC) emissions was studied in a laboratory setup. At high NOx conditions ([BVOC] / [NOx] < 7, [NOx] > 23 ppb) new particle formation was suppressed. Instead, photochemical ozone formation was observed resulting in higher hydroxyl radical (OH) and lower nitrogen monoxide (NO) concentrations. When [NO] was reduced back to levels below 1 ppb by OH reactions, NPF was observed. Adding high amounts of NOx caused NPF to be slowed by orders of magnitude compared to analogous experiments at low NOx conditions ([NOx] ~300 ppt)…

chemistry.chemical_classificationAtmospheric Science010504 meteorology & atmospheric sciencesMonoterpeneRadicalPhotodissociation010501 environmental sciencesRate-determining stepPhotochemistry01 natural sciencesOrganic compoundchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistry13. Climate actionParticleHydroxyl radicalNOx0105 earth and related environmental sciencesAtmospheric Chemistry and Physics
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On-Surface Synthesis of Oligo(indenoindene)

2020

Fully conjugated ladder polymers (CLP) possess unique optical and electronic properties, and are considered promis-ing materials for applications in (opto)electronic devices. Poly(indenoindene) is a CLP consisting of an alternating array of five- and six-membered rings, which has remained elusive so far. Here, we report an on-surface synthesis of oligo(indenoindene) on Au(111). Its structure and a low elec-tronic bandgap have been elucidated by low-temperature scanning tunneling microscopy and spectroscopy and non-contact atomic force microscopy, complemented by density functional theory calculations. Achieving defect-free seg-ments of oligo(indenoindene) offers an exclusive insight into th…

chemistry.chemical_classificationBand gapAtomic force microscopy530 PhysicsElectronic bandNanotechnologyGeneral ChemistryPolymerConjugated system010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesBiochemistryCatalysis0104 chemical scienceslaw.inventionColloid and Surface Chemistrychemistrylaw540 ChemistryDensity functional theoryScanning tunneling microscopeSpectroscopy
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Increased Acid Dissociation at the Quartz/Water Interface.

2018

As shown by a quite significant amount of literature, acids at the water surface tend to be “less” acid, meaning that their associated form is favored over the conjugated base. What happens at the solid/liquid interface? In the case of the silica/water interface, we show how the acidity of adsorbed molecules can instead increase. Using a free energy perturbation approach in combination with electronic structure-based molecular dynamics simulations, we show how the acidity of pyruvic acid at the quartz/water interface is increased by almost two units. Such increased acidity is the result of the specific microsolvation at the interface and, in particular, of the stabilization of the deprotona…

chemistry.chemical_classificationBase (chemistry)Chemistry02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology01 natural sciencesAcid dissociation constant0104 chemical sciencesFree energy perturbationMolecular dynamicsAdsorptionDeprotonationChemical engineeringMoleculeGeneral Materials SciencePhysical and Theoretical Chemistry0210 nano-technologyQuartzThe journal of physical chemistry letters
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Considering lithium-ion battery 3D-printing via thermoplastic material extrusion and polymer powder bed fusion

2021

Abstract In this paper, the ability to 3D print lithium-ion batteries through Pmnbspace thermoplastic material extrusion and polymer powder bed fusion is considered. Focused on the formulation of positive electrodes composed of polypropylene, LiFePO4 as active material, and conductive additives, advantages and drawbacks of both additive manufacturing technologies, are thoroughly discussed from the electrochemical, electrical, morphological and mechanical perspectives. Based on these preliminary results, strategies to further optimize the electrochemical performances are proposed. Through a comprehensive modeling study, the enhanced electrochemical suitability at high current densities of va…

chemistry.chemical_classificationBattery (electricity)Polypropylene0209 industrial biotechnologyThermoplasticMaterials sciencebusiness.industryBiomedical Engineering3D printing02 engineering and technology021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringLithium-ion batterychemistry.chemical_compound020901 industrial engineering & automationchemistryElectrodeGeneral Materials ScienceExtrusionComposite material0210 nano-technologybusinessEngineering (miscellaneous)Electrical conductorAdditive Manufacturing
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Total synthesis of the monoterpenes (−)-mintlactone and (+)-isomintlactone

1992

Abstract The first total stereodirected synthesis of the monoterpenes (−)-mintlactone and (+)-isomintlactone from the same chiral starting product is described. A stereoselective, radical-mediated ring closure was the key step in both syntheses.

chemistry.chemical_classificationBicyclic moleculeChemistryMonoterpeneOrganic ChemistryTotal synthesisRing (chemistry)BiochemistryIsomintlactoneDrug DiscoveryOrganic chemistryStereoselectivityMINTLACTONELactoneTetrahedron
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Hydrolytic degradation of PLA/Posidonia Oceanica green composites: A simple model based on starting morpho-chemical properties

2021

Abstract In this work, we studied the degradability of PLA-based biocomposites containing Posidonia Oceanica flour at different loading levels and aspect ratios. Hydrolytic tests were carried out in neutral (pH = 7.4) and alkaline (pH = 10) environment. Time-dependent evolution of some key features, including residual mass and solution uptake, was monitored, and correlated with the changes observed in both morphology and chemical structure of the matrix. The results pointed out that biocomposites degraded much faster than neat PLA in both conditions, up to lose 70% of their initial weight after 1000 h immersion. A complex mechanism was unveiled, evidencing the crucial role of the fillers, c…

chemistry.chemical_classificationBio composites Durability Environmental degradation Hydrolytic degradation Natural fibre compositesMorphology (linguistics)Materials sciencebiologyChemical structureGeneral Engineering02 engineering and technologyPolymer010402 general chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologybiology.organism_classification01 natural sciences0104 chemical sciencesMatrix (chemical analysis)HydrolysisSettore ING-IND/22 - Scienza E Tecnologia Dei MaterialichemistryPosidonia oceanicaCeramics and CompositesDegradation (geology)Chemical stabilityComposite material0210 nano-technology
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Novel Polycaprolactone Nanocomposites Containing Thymol of Interest in Antimicrobial Film and Coating Applications

2008

It is well-known that the nanocomposites technology can significantly enhance, among others, the thermal, mechanical, and barrier properties of plastics. It is also known that most bioplastics, including the thermoplastic biopolymers, have lower than desired levels for certain properties which makes their use in certain packaging applications problematic. The combination of active technologies such as antimicrobials and nanotechnologies such as nanocomposites can synergistically lead to bioplastic formulations with balanced properties and functionalities for their implementation in packaging applications. The present work presents the development and characterization of novel nanocomposite…

chemistry.chemical_classificationBiocideThermoplasticNanocompositeMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsNanotechnologyengineering.materialBioplasticCastingSurfaces Coatings and Filmschemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryCoatingPolycaprolactoneMaterials ChemistryengineeringComposite materialBiocompositeJournal of Plastic Film & Sheeting
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ChemInform Abstract: Carbohydrate Nanocarriers in Biomedical Applications: Functionalization and Construction

2015

The specific targeting of either tumor cells or immune cells in vivo by carefully designed and appropriately surface-functionalized nanocarriers may become an effective therapeutic treatment for a variety of diseases. Carbohydrates, which are prominent biomolecules, have shown their outstanding ability in balancing the biocompatibility, stability, biodegradability, and functionality of nanocarriers. The recent applications of sugar (mono/oligosaccharides and/or polysaccharides) for the development of nanomedicines are summarized in this review, including the application of carbohydrates for the surface-functionalization of various nanocarriers and for the construction of the nanocarrier its…

chemistry.chemical_classificationBiocompatibilitychemistryBiomoleculeTherapeutic treatmentSurface modificationNanotechnologyTumor cellsGeneral MedicineNanocarriersChemInform
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Aminofunctional polyethers: smart materials for applications in solution and on surfaces

2013

In recent years, biocompatible polyethers with multi-aminofunctionality have been used for a variety of applications in different fields. Both established and recently developed synthesis strategies for such polymers and applications as stimuli-responsive materials, non-viral vectors, shell crosslinked micelles and for surface functionalization are reviewed. The intriguing potential of such materials is due to both polyether and polyamine components and can thus be readily tuned by the copolymer microstructure and composition. © 2013 Society of Chemical Industry

chemistry.chemical_classificationBiocompatible polymersMaterials sciencePolymers and PlasticsOrganic ChemistryNanotechnologyPolymerMicrostructureSmart materialBiocompatible materialMicellechemistryMaterials ChemistryCopolymerOrganic chemistrySurface modificationPolymer International
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