Search results for "Polycyclic Compounds"

showing 10 items of 373 documents

Characterization of the Carbapenem-Hydrolyzing Oxacillinase Oxa-58 in an Acinetobacter Genospecies 3 Clinical Isolate

2008

ABSTRACT Based on imipenem resistance in an Acinetobacter genospecies 3 clinical isolate, we were able to identify, for the first time in this genomic species, a plasmid-encoded bla OXA-58 gene that was 100% homologous to the same gene in Acinetobacter baumannii .

ImipenemCarbapenemMolecular Sequence DataMicrobial Sensitivity TestsBiologybeta-LactamasesMicrobiologyPlasmidBacterial ProteinsMechanisms of Resistancepolycyclic compoundsmedicineHumansPharmacology (medical)Antibacterial agentPharmacologyAcinetobacterBase SequenceSequence Analysis DNAbiochemical phenomena metabolism and nutritionAcinetobacterbacterial infections and mycosesbiology.organism_classificationAnti-Bacterial AgentsAcinetobacter baumanniiImipenemInfectious DiseasesCarbapenemsNeisseriaceaeBacteriaAcinetobacter InfectionsPlasmidsmedicine.drugAntimicrobial Agents and Chemotherapy
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Polycondensed nitrogen heterocycles. Part13. Pyrrolo[3,2-b]indole by intramolecular nucleophilic substitution reaction in the pyrrole series

1984

An intramolecular nucleophilic substitution in the pyrrole series has been generalized. The behaviour of nitro, chlorine, bromine and iodine as leaving groups towards the nucleophilic amino group was observed. An acid catalyzed mechanism has been proposed.

Indole testSubstitution reactionStereochemistryOrganic ChemistryMedicinal chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundNucleophilechemistryNucleophilic aromatic substitutionIntramolecular forcepolycyclic compoundsNucleophilic substitutionAcid hydrolysisPyrroleJournal of Heterocyclic Chemistry
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Geldanamycin and its derivatives as Hsp90 inhibitors

2012

The Hsp90 molecule, one of the most abundant heat shock proteins in mammalian cells, maintains homeostasis and prevents stress-induced cellular damage. Hsp90 is expressed under normal conditions at a level of about 1-2 Percent of total proteins, while its expression increases 2-10 fold in cancer cells. The two main constitutively expressed isoforms of Hsp90 are known as Hsp90-alpha and Hsp90-beta, and their upregulation is associated with tumor progression, invasion and formation of metastases, as well as development of drug resistance. The Hsp90 is a key target for many newly established, potent anticancer agents containing Hsp90 N-terminal ATP binding inhibitors, such as geldanamycin, and…

IndolesLactams MacrocyclicCyclin-Dependent KinaseAntineoplastic AgentsTanespimycinBenzoquinoneModels BiologicalAntineoplastic Agentchemistry.chemical_compoundDownregulation and upregulationTransforming Growth Factor betaCyclin-dependent kinaseHeat shock proteinBenzoquinonespolycyclic compoundsAnimalsHumansHSP90 Heat-Shock ProteinsbiologyAnimalTriazolesGeldanamycinHsp90Cyclin-Dependent KinasesProto-Oncogene Proteins c-rafHSP90 Heat-Shock Proteinsrc-Family KinaseschemistryTumor progressionMutationCancer cellbiology.proteinCancer researchMacrolidesMacrolideTriazoleTumor Suppressor Protein p53Animals; Antineoplastic Agents; Benzoquinones; Cyclin-Dependent Kinases; HSP90 Heat-Shock Proteins; Humans; Lactams Macrocyclic; Macrolides; Models Biological; Mutation; Novobiocin; Proto-Oncogene Proteins c-raf; Transforming Growth Factor beta; Triazoles; Tumor Suppressor Protein p53; src-Family KinasesNovobiocinHumanFrontiers in Bioscience
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Dynamics of closure of zinc bis-porphyrin molecular tweezers with copper(II) ions and electron transfer.

2011

Zinc bis-porphyrin molecular tweezers composed of a N(4) spacer bound through pyridyl units to the meso position of porphyrins were synthesized, and the tweezers are closed by the coordination of a copper(II) ion inside the spacer ligand. The effect of the π-π interaction between the porphyrin rings in the closed conformation on the absorption spectra of multi-electron oxidized species and the reduction potentials were clarified by chemical and electrochemical oxidation of the closed form of the zinc bis-porphyrin molecular tweezers in comparison with the open form without copper(II) ion and the corresponding porphyrin monomer. The shifts in redox potentials and absorption spectrum of the p…

IonsLigandMetalloporphyrinsOrganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_elementGeneral ChemistryZincElectrochemical TechniquesPhotochemistryPorphyrinCopperCatalysisDicationElectron TransportElectron transferchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryTweezerspolycyclic compoundsheterocyclic compoundsSpectrophotometry UltravioletMolecular tweezersOxidation-ReductionCopperChemistry (Weinheim an der Bergstrasse, Germany)
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Unexpected DNA damage caused by polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons under standard laboratory conditions

2007

Abstract The genotoxicity of 15 polycyclic aromatic hydrocarbons was determined with the alkaline version of the comet assay employing V79 lung fibroblasts of the Chinese hamster as target cells. These cells lack the enzymes necessary to convert PAHs to DNA-binding metabolites. Surprisingly, 11 PAHs, i.e., benzo[ a ]pyrene (BaP), benz[ a ]anthracene, 7,12-dimethylbenz[ a ]anthracene, 3-methylcholanthrene, fluoranthene, anthanthrene, 11 H -benzo[ b ]fluorene, dibenz[ a,h ]anthracene, pyrene, benzo[ ghi ]perylene and benzo[ e ]pyrene caused DNA strand breaks even without external metabolic activation, while naphthalene, anthracene, phenanthrene and naphthacene were inactive. When the comet as…

LightHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisAnthanthreneFluorenemedicine.disease_causeMedicinal chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundCricetulusCricetinaeCytochrome P-450 CYP1A1polycyclic compoundsGeneticsmedicineAnimalsPolycyclic Aromatic HydrocarbonsBiotransformationCells CulturedFluorantheneAnthracenePhenanthreneComet assaychemistryPyreneComet AssayGenotoxicityDNA DamageMutation Research/Genetic Toxicology and Environmental Mutagenesis
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An experimental test of the dose-dependent effect of carotenoids and immune activation on sexual signals and antioxidant activity.

2004

Carotenoid‐based sexual traits are thought to be reliable indicators of male quality because they might be scarce and therefore might indicate the ability of males to gather high‐quality food and because they are involved in important physiological functions (as immune enhancers and antioxidants). We performed an experiment where male and female zebra finches (Taeniopygia guttata) were provided with increasing carotenoid doses in the drinking water during 4 weeks (bill color of this species is a carotenoid‐based sexual signal). Simultaneously, birds were split into two groups: one receiving weekly injections of Escherichia coli lipopolysaccharide in order to activate the immune system, the …

LipopolysaccharidesMaleAntioxidantLipopolysaccharidemedicine.medical_treatmentAnimal Communication; Animals; Antioxidants/physiology; Beak/anatomy & histology; Body Size; Carotenoids/blood; Carotenoids/pharmacology; Color; Cues; Escherichia coli/metabolism; Female; Finches/anatomy & histology; Finches/immunology; Immunity Innate/drug effects; Lipopolysaccharides/pharmacology; Male; Sexual Behavior AnimalColormacromolecular substancesPharmacologymedicine.disease_causeAntioxidantschemistry.chemical_compoundSexual Behavior AnimalImmune systemImmunitypolycyclic compoundsmedicineEscherichia coliAnimalsBody SizeCarotenoidZebra finchEcology Evolution Behavior and Systematicschemistry.chemical_classificationbiologyorganic chemicalsBeakfood and beveragesbiology.organism_classificationCarotenoidsbiological factorsImmunity InnateAnimal CommunicationchemistryImmunologyFemaleFinchesCuesTaeniopygiaOxidative stressThe American naturalist
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Conversion of biliverdin to bilirubin by biliverdin reductase contributes to endothelial cell protection by heme oxygenase-1—evidence for direct and …

2009

Heme oxygenase-1 (HO-1) is highly protective in various pathophysiological states such as cardiovascular and neurodegenerative diseases. HO-1-derived bilirubin is an efficient scavenger of reactive oxygen and nitrogen species (RONS). It remains to determine whether conversion of biliverdin to bilirubin is an essential step for HO-1-conferred protection of endothelial cells. RONS scavenging activities of biliverdin versus bilirubin were assessed by different RONS generating systems and detection techniques. We also silenced the biliverdin reductase (BVR) or HO-1 gene in cultured primary human endothelial cells (HUVECs) and measured the effect on RONS formation upon stimulation with lipopolys…

LipopolysaccharidesOxidoreductases Acting on CH-CH Group DonorsUmbilical VeinsXanthine OxidaseNeutrophilsBilirubinNitrosationModels BiologicalAntioxidantschemistry.chemical_compoundPeroxynitrous AcidLeukocytespolycyclic compoundsHumansGene SilencingMolecular BiologyHemeReactive nitrogen speciesRespiratory BurstBiliverdinAngiotensin IIBiliverdineBiliverdin reductaseEndothelial CellsBilirubinFree Radical ScavengersAngiotensin IIMitochondriaEndothelial stem cellHeme oxygenasechemistryBiochemistryCytoprotectionGene Knockdown TechniquesTyrosineReactive Oxygen SpeciesCardiology and Cardiovascular MedicineHeme Oxygenase-1Journal of Molecular and Cellular Cardiology
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Enantioselective α-alkylation of unsaturated carboxylic acids using a chiral lithium amide

2001

Abstract The regio- and stereochemistry of the alkylation of dienediolates from unsaturated carboxylic acids with benzylic halides, which often results in mixtures of isomers, can be controlled by means of changes in the lithium amide, allowing the α-regioisomer to be obtained as the major diastereoisomer. In addition, when chiral amines are used, moderate enantiomeric excesses can be attained.

Lithium amideChemistryorganic chemicalsfungiOrganic ChemistryEnantioselective synthesisDiastereomerfood and beveragesHalideAlkylationCatalysisInorganic Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundpolycyclic compoundsOrganic chemistryheterocyclic compoundsPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryEnantiomerTetrahedron: Asymmetry
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ChemInform Abstract: Enantioselective α-Alkylation of Unsaturated Carboxylic Acids Using a Chiral Lithium Amide.

2010

Abstract The regio- and stereochemistry of the alkylation of dienediolates from unsaturated carboxylic acids with benzylic halides, which often results in mixtures of isomers, can be controlled by means of changes in the lithium amide, allowing the α-regioisomer to be obtained as the major diastereoisomer. In addition, when chiral amines are used, moderate enantiomeric excesses can be attained.

Lithium amideorganic chemicalsfungiDiastereomerEnantioselective synthesisfood and beveragesHalideGeneral MedicineAlkylationchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistrypolycyclic compoundsOrganic chemistryheterocyclic compoundsEnantiomerChemInform
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The lipid lowering drug lovastatin protects against doxorubicin-induced hepatotoxicity.

2012

Liver is the main detoxifying organ and therefore the target of high concentrations of genotoxic compounds, such as environmental carcinogens and anticancer drugs. Here, we investigated the usefulness of lovastatin, which is nowadays widely used for lipid lowering purpose, as a hepatoprotective drug following the administration of the anthracycline derivative doxorubicin in vivo. To this end, BALB/c mice were exposed to either a single high dose or three consecutive low doses of doxorubicin. Acute and subacute hepatotoxicities were analyzed with or without lovastatin co-treatment. Lovastatin protected the liver against doxorubicin-induced acute pro-inflammatory and pro-fibrotic stress respo…

Liver CirrhosisStatinAnthracyclinemedicine.drug_classBiologyPharmacologyToxicologymedicine.disease_causeMiceFibrosispolycyclic compoundsmedicineAnimalsDoxorubicinLovastatinRNA MessengerEpirubicinPharmacologyInflammationMice Inbred BALB CAntibiotics AntineoplasticDose-Response Relationship DrugConnective Tissue Growth Factormedicine.diseaseOxidative StressHepatoprotectionGene Expression RegulationDoxorubicinHMG-CoA reductasebiology.proteinlipids (amino acids peptides and proteins)LovastatinChemical and Drug Induced Liver InjuryHydroxymethylglutaryl-CoA Reductase InhibitorsOxidative stressmedicine.drugDNA DamageToxicology and applied pharmacology
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