Search results for "SiPM"

showing 10 items of 36 documents

FPGA based digital lock-in amplifier for fNIRS systems

2018

Lock-In Amplifiers (LIA) represent a powerful technique helping to improve signals detectability when low signal to noise ratios are experienced. Continuous Wave functional Near Infrared Spectroscopy (CW-fNIRS) systems for e-health applications usually suffer of poor detection due to the presence of strong attenuations of the optical recovering path and therefore small signals are severely dipped in a high noise floor. In this work a digital LIA system, implemented on a Zynq® Field Programmable Gate Array (FPGA), has been designed and tested to verify the quality of the developed solution, when applied in fNIRS systems. Experimental results have shown the goodness of the proposed solutions.

010302 applied physicsComputer scienceAmplifier0206 medical engineeringLock-in amplifierDigital lock-in amplifier02 engineering and technology020601 biomedical engineering01 natural sciencesNoise floorSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaSilicon photomultiplier (SiPM)Quality (physics)0103 physical sciencesElectronic engineeringContinuous waveFunctional near-infrared spectroscopyField-programmable gate arrayFpgaFunctional near-infrared spectroscopy
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CY5 fluorescence measured with silicon photomultipliers

2014

This paper presents an efficient optical biosensor set up for a low-level light detection, using fluorescent dyes and a novel Si-based detector. Fluorescence emitted by a traditional fluorophore, CY5, widely used as optical label in DNA microarrays, was detected using a 25 pixels Silicon photomultiplier (SiPM), a device formed by avalanche diodes operating in Geiger mode, in parallel connections. We measured the fluorescence current in different deposition (fluorophore concentration; solvent; salt concentration) and operation (angle of analysis, optical laser power, device gain) conditions. The characterization of DNA samples labeled with CY5 is also reported to demonstrate the detector pot…

DNA recognitionMaterials sciencebusiness.industrySiPMtechnology industry and agricultureFluorescenceeye diseasesfluorescence detectorCY5OpticsSilicon photomultiplierOptoelectronicsbusinessCY5; DNA recognition; fluorescence detector; optical transduction; SiPMoptical transduction
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SiPM as miniaturised optical biosensor for DNA-microarray applications

2015

A miniaturized optical biosensor for low-level fluorescence emitted by DNA strands labelled with CY5 is showed. Aim of this work is to demonstrate that a Si-based photodetector, having a low noise and a high sensitivity, can replace traditional detection systems in DNA-microarray applications. The photodetector used is a photomultiplier (SiPM), with 25 pixels. It exhibits a higher sensitivity than commercial optical readers and we experimentally found a detection limit for spotted dried samples of ∼1 nM. We measured the fluorescence signal in different operating conditions (angle of analysis, fluorophores concentrations, solution volumes and support). Once fixed the angle of analysis, for s…

Detection limitAnalytePhotomultiplierMaterials scienceoptical biosensorbusiness.industrySiPMDNA microarrayPhotodetectorLinearityDNA-microarraySignalSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsSilicon photomultiplierOpticslcsh:TA1-2040DNA microarray; Fluorophore detection; Optical Biosensor; SiPMSignal ProcessingElectrical and Electronic Engineeringbusinesslcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)Sensitivity (electronics)Fluorophore detectionBiotechnologySensing and Bio-Sensing Research
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Exploring FPGA‐Based Lock‐In Techniques for Brain  Monitoring Applications

2017

Functional near‐infrared spectroscopy (fNIRS) systems for e‐health applications usually suffer from poor signal detection, mainly due to a low end‐to‐end signal‐to‐noise ratio of the electronics chain. Lock‐in amplifiers (LIA) historically represent a powerful technique helping to improve performance in such circumstances. In this work a digital LIA system, based on a Zynq® field programmable gate array (FPGA) has been designed and implemented, in an attempt to explore if this technique might improve fNIRS system performance. More broadly, FPGA‐based solution flexibility has been investigated, with particular emphasis applied to digital filter parameters, needed in the digital LIA, and its …

Engineeringhardware description language (HDL) near‐infrared  spectroscopy (NIRS)light emitting diode (LED)Computer Networks and Communicationslcsh:TK7800-836002 engineering and technologysilicon photomultiplier (SiPM)Settore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica01 natural sciencesSignaldigital lock‐in amplifier (DLIA)law.invention hardware description language (HDL)microprocessorslawVHDL0202 electrical engineering electronic engineering information engineeringElectronic engineeringDetection theoryElectrical and Electronic EngineeringField-programmable gate arraycomputer.programming_languagebusiness.industryNoise (signal processing)lcsh:Electronics010401 analytical chemistryEmphasis (telecommunications)near‐infrared spectroscopy (NIRS)020206 networking & telecommunications0104 chemical sciences light emitting diode (LED) microprocessorsfield programmable gate array (FPGA)Microprocessordigital lock‐in amplifier (DLIA)Hardware and ArchitectureControl and Systems EngineeringSignal Processingbusinessdigital lock‐in amplifier (DLIA); field programmable gate array (FPGA); near‐infrared  spectroscopy (NIRS); hardware description language (HDL); light emitting diode (LED); silicon  photomultiplier (SiPM); microprocessors field programmable gate array (FPGA) silicon  photomultiplier (SiPM)Digital filtercomputerComputer hardwareElectronics
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A LiDAR Prototype with Silicon Photomultiplier and MEMS Mirrors

2018

In this paper, we present a low cost prototype of a Time-Of-Flight (TOF) LiDAR system, employing a SiPM as photo detector and MEMS mirrors in order to steer the nanosecond pulsed optical beam with a scanning angle of +/-6°. Preliminary TOF measurements have been performed both indoor and outdoor to test the limits of the system.

LiDARMaterials scienceSiPMInstrumentationOptical beamComputingMethodologies_IMAGEPROCESSINGANDCOMPUTERVISIONEnergy Engineering and Power TechnologyPhotodetectorSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringOpticsSilicon photomultiplierArtificial IntelligenceSilicon PhotomultiplierInstrumentationMicroelectromechanical systemsRenewable Energy Sustainability and the Environmentbusiness.industryTOFComputer Science Applications1707 Computer Vision and Pattern RecognitionNanosecondMEMSComputer Networks and CommunicationLidarbusinessLiDAR TOF SiPM Silicon Photomultiplier MEMS2018 IEEE 4th International Forum on Research and Technology for Society and Industry (RTSI)
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TOF LiDAR with SiPM technology

2016

LiDAR (Light Detection And Ranging) systems measures the distance from the sensor to the target by determining the time between the release of the laser pulse to the receiving of the backscattered pulse. The interest in LiDAR technology has exploded in recent years since the applications are numerous. Here, we would highlight the Advanced Driver Assistance Systems (ADAS) and for rendezvous & docking operations between spacecraft. We built two LiDAR systems differing for the detector: a Silicon Photomultiplier (SiPM) and an Avalanche Photodiode (APD). The advantages of the SiPM approach has been extensively discussed in [1]. The comparison between these systems has been performed in terms of…

LiDARSiPMTOFAPDphotodetectorTime of FlightSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaSilicon PhotoMultiplier
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Comparison in terms of TOF measurements between APD and SiPM for LiDAR applications

2016

We present an experimental comparison of two LiDAR systems, employing the SiPM and the APD as photodetectors, in terms of TOF measurements differing for the distance of the target and at different intensities of ambient light. The use of the APD represents the conventional approach, while the implementation of the SiPM is innovative. The performed measurements achieved very promising results, thus demonstrating the effectiveness of our LiDAR based on SiPM.

LiDARSiPMTOFAPDphotodetectorTime of FlightSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaSilicon PhotoMultiplier
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Signal to Noise Ratio of Silicon Photomultipliers measured in the Continuous Wave Regime

2014

We performed a Signal to Noise Ratio characterization, in the continuous wave regime, at different bias voltages, frequencies and temperatures, on a novel class of silicon photomultipliers fabricated in planar technology on silicon p-type substrate. Signal to Noise Ratio has been measured as the ratio of the photogenerated current, filtered and averaged by a lock-in amplifier, and the Root Mean Square deviation of the overall current flowing to the device. The measured noise takes into account the shot noise, resulting from the photocurrent and the dark current. We have also performed a comparison between our SiPMs and a photomultiplier tube in terms of Signal to Noise Ratio, as a function …

Noise temperatureMaterials sciencePhysics::Instrumentation and Detectorsbusiness.industryphotomultipliers sipm snr detector siliconNoise spectral densityElectrical engineeringShot noiseSettore ING-INF/02 - Campi ElettromagneticiNoise figureNoise (electronics)Settore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaSignal-to-noise ratioOpticsNoise generatorFlicker noisebusiness
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Detector characterization and first coincidence tests of a Compton telescope based on LaBr3 crystals and SiPMs

2011

International audience; A Compton telescope for dose monitoring in hadron therapy consisting of several layers of continuous LaBr3 crystals coupled to silicon photomultiplier (SiPM) arrays is under development within the ENVISION project. In order to test the possibility of employing such detectors for the telescope, a detector head consisting of a continuous 16 mm×18 mm×5 mm LaBr3 crystal coupled to a SiPM array has been assembled and characterized, employing the SPIROC1 ASIC as readout electronics. The best energy resolution obtained at 511 keV is 6.5% FWHM and the timing resolution is 3.1 ns FWHM. A position determination method for continuous crystals is being tested, with promising res…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsCompton telescopeSiPM01 natural sciences7. Clean energyCoincidence030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaginglaw.inventionTelescope03 medical and health sciencesHadron therapy0302 clinical medicineOpticsSilicon photomultiplierApplication-specific integrated circuitlaw0103 physical sciencesCompton imaging[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det][SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsInstrumentationPhysicsContinuous crystal010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryResolution (electron density)DetectorMPPCG-APDLaBr3Full width at half maximumbusiness
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High resolution detectors based on continuous crystals and SiPMs for small animal PET

2012

International audience; Sensitivity and spatial resolution are the two main factors to maximize in emission imaging. The improvement of one factor deteriorates the other with pixelated crystals. In this work we combine SiPM matrices with monolithic crystals, using an accurate γ-ray interaction position determination algorithm that provides depth of interaction. Continuous crystals provide higher sensitivity than pixelated crystals, while an accurate interaction position determination does not degrade the spatial resolution. Monte Carlo simulations and experimental data show good agreement both demonstrating sub-millimetre intrinsic spatial resolution. A system consisting in two rotating det…

Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsSiPMMonte Carlo methodHigh resolution01 natural sciencesCoincidence030218 nuclear medicine & medical imaging03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineOpticsSilicon photomultiplierPosition (vector)0103 physical sciencesHigh resolutionSensitivity (control systems)[PHYS.PHYS.PHYS-INS-DET]Physics [physics]/Physics [physics]/Instrumentation and Detectors [physics.ins-det][SPI.NANO]Engineering Sciences [physics]/Micro and nanotechnologies/MicroelectronicsInstrumentationImage resolutionPhysics010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryDetectorPosition determinationPETMonolithic crystalsbusiness
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