Search results for "Signal"
showing 10 items of 6924 documents
cIAP1-dependent TRAF2 degradation regulates the differentiation of monocytes into macrophages and their response to CD40 ligand.
2008
AbstractPeripheral blood monocytes are plastic cells that migrate to tissues and differentiate into various cell types, including macrophages, dendritic cells, and osteoclasts. We have described the migration of cellular inhibitor of apoptosis protein 1 (cIAP1), a member of the IAP family of proteins, from the nucleus to the Golgi apparatus in monocytes undergoing differentiation into macrophages. Here we show that, once in the cytoplasm, cIAP1 is involved in the degradation of the adaptor protein tumor necrosis factor receptor–associated factor 2 (TRAF2) by the proteosomal machinery. Inhibition of cIAP1 prevents the decrease in TRAF2 expression that characterizes macrophage formation. We d…
Regulation of B cell homeostasis and activation by the tumor suppressor gene CYLD
2007
B cell homeostasis is regulated by multiple signaling processes, including nuclear factor-kappaB (NF-kappaB), BAFF-, and B cell receptor signaling. Conditional disruption of genes involved in these pathways has shed light on the mechanisms governing signaling from the cell surface to the nucleus. We describe a novel mouse strain that expresses solely and excessively a naturally occurring splice variant of CYLD (CYLD(ex7/8) mice), which is a deubiquitinating enzyme that is integral to NF-kappaB signaling. This shorter CYLD protein lacks the TRAF2 and NEMO binding sites present in full-length CYLD. A dramatic expansion of mature B lymphocyte populations in all peripheral lymphoid organs occur…
Hematopoietic stem cell quiescence and function are controlled by the CYLD–TRAF2–p38MAPK pathway
2015
Tesio at al. identify a novel pathway controlled by the tumor suppressor and deubiquitinase cylindromatosis (CYLD), which is involved in the regulation of hematopoietic stem cell quiescence and repopulation potential.
Focal DNA Copy Number Changes in Neuroblastoma Target MYCN Regulated Genes
2013
Neuroblastoma is an embryonic tumor arising from immature sympathetic nervous system cells. Recurrent genomic alterations include MYCN and ALK amplification as well as recurrent patterns of gains and losses of whole or large partial chromosome segments. A recent whole genome sequencing effort yielded no frequently recurring mutations in genes other than those affecting ALK. However, the study further stresses the importance of DNA copy number alterations in this disease, in particular for genes implicated in neuritogenesis. Here we provide additional evidence for the importance of focal DNA copy number gains and losses, which are predominantly observed in MYCN amplified tumors. A focal 5 kb…
Kti12, a PSTK-like tRNA dependent ATPase essential for tRNA modification by Elongator
2019
Abstract Posttranscriptional RNA modifications occur in all domains of life. Modifications of anticodon bases are of particular importance for ribosomal decoding and proteome homeostasis. The Elongator complex modifies uridines in the wobble position and is highly conserved in eukaryotes. Despite recent insights into Elongator's architecture, the structure and function of its regulatory factor Kti12 have remained elusive. Here, we present the crystal structure of Kti12′s nucleotide hydrolase domain trapped in a transition state of ATP hydrolysis. The structure reveals striking similarities to an O-phosphoseryl-tRNA kinase involved in the selenocysteine pathway. Both proteins employ similar …
Kardiopulmonale Parameter bei Hyperthyreose
1999
Background Hyperthyroid patients often suffer from impaired exercise capacity with dyspnoea. Two well established, non-invasive methods were used to evaluate the influence of hyperthyroidism on cardiopulmonary function. Patients and methods In 42 patients with hyperthyroidism we performed spirometry and cardiopulmonary exercise testing before and after 7 days of propranolol therapy as well as in euthyroidism. Results In hyperthyroidism reduced vital capacity and 1-second capacity were observed (95.5 +/- 2.4% vs 102.6 +/- 1.5%; p = 0.0087; 89.4 +/- 2.3% vs 95.2 +/- 2.2%; p = 0.0179). No changes showed during beta-blockade. At the anaerobic threshold reduced tidal volume and enhanced respirat…
Ventricular Fibrillation and Tachycardia detection from surface ECG using time-frequency representation images as input dataset for machine learning
2017
Parameter-less ventricular fibrillation detection with time-frequency representation.Time-frequency representations are treated as images for a classifier.A comparison for four classifiers demonstrates the validity of the proposed method.The proposed technique could be applied to any signal and research field.This is a novel approach to signal analysis. Background and objectiveTo safely select the proper therapy for Ventricullar Fibrillation (VF) is essential to distinct it correctly from Ventricular Tachycardia (VT) and other rhythms. Provided that the required therapy would not be the same, an erroneous detection might lead to serious injuries to the patient or even cause Ventricular Fibr…
Agouti-Related Proteins (AGRPs) and Agouti-Signaling Peptide (ASIP) in Fish and Chicken
2005
We performed an intensive search on sequence databases to identify orthologues of ASIP and AGRP peptides in a number of different species, revealing a number of genomic fragments coding for the C-terminal part of agouti-related motifs, different from annotated peptide sequences, including one fragment from chicken, two from zebrafish, two from Fugu (Takifugu rubripes), and three from Tetraodon (Tetraodon nigroviridis). We have thus shown for the first time that both AGRP and ASIP genes exist in many species in "lower vertebrates" and were most probably present in early stages of vertebrate evolution.
Talin1 sets the stage for dendritic cell activation
2020
In dendritic cells, talin1 links integrin binding to efficient TLR downstream signaling through interaction with MyD88 and PIP5K.
Binding properties and stability of the Ras-association domain of Rap1-GTP interacting adapter molecule (RIAM).
2012
The Rap1-GTP interacting adapter protein (RIAM) is an important protein in Rap1-mediated integrin activation. By binding to both Rap1 GTPase and talin, RIAM recruits talin to the cell membrane, thus facilitating talin-dependent integrin activation. In this article, we studied the role of the RIAM Ras-association (RA) and pleckstrin-homology (PH) domains in the interaction with Rap1. We found that the RA domain was sufficient for GTP-dependent interaction with Rap1B, and the addition of the PH domain did not change the binding affinity. We also detected GTP-independent interaction of Rap1B with the N-terminus of RIAM. In addition, we found that the PH domain stabilized the RA domain both in …