Search results for "Tension"
showing 10 items of 2456 documents
The referral centers for the diagnosis and treatment of hypertension in adolescents
2015
Primary hypertension in adolescence was felt to be quite rare. However, the worldwide childhood obesity epidemic has had a profound impact on the frequency of high blood pressure (BP) with the result that primary hypertension should now be viewed as one of the most common health conditions in the young (estimated prevalence 1–5%). Therefore, current guidelines recommend that all children and adolescents seen in a medical setting should have their BP measured. The availability of BP tables with normal BP percentiles for age, sex and height has improved BP values classification. Studies conducted at referral clinics for evaluation of hypertension have indicated that as many as 30 to 40% of ad…
Effects of ACE-Inhibitors and Angiotensin Receptor Blockers on Inflammation
2011
The role of inflammation in cardiovascular disease and in hypertensive disease above all, is complex. Several studies confirm that activation of renin-angiotensin-aldosterone system (RAAS), through increase in the production of angiotensin II (Ang II), is closely related to local vascular inflammation. Over the BP lowering effects of anti-hypertensive treatments, several ancillary effects for every class may be found, distinguishing the various drugs from one another. Given the pro-inflammatory effects of Ang II and aldosterone, agents that interfere with the components of RAAS, such as ACE inhibitors, Angiotensin Receptor Blockers (ARBs), and mineralocorticoid receptor antagonists (spirono…
Role of ARBs in the blood hypertension therapy and prevention of cardiovascular events
2009
Hypertension has a worldwide high incidence in the general population and undoubtedly it is the most important risk factor for cardiovascular morbidity and mortality, in industrialized countries. In this Review we investigated the role of angiotensin II receptor antagonists (ARBs) therapy in the treatment of essential hypertension. We selected in the PubMed and in a list of selected sources the most significant clinical trials and meta-analysis carried out from 1999 to now, to assess, in adult patients populations, ARBs efficacy, safety and tolerability profile, in comparison with the efficacy of the other common antihypertensive drugs, with particular regard to both the prevention of disab…
Optimising experimental research in respiratory diseases: an ERS statement
2018
Experimental models are critical for the understanding of lung health and disease and are indispensable for drug development. However, the pathogenetic and clinical relevance of the models is often unclear. Further, the use of animals in biomedical research is controversial from an ethical perspective.The objective of this task force was to issue a statement with research recommendations about lung disease models by facilitating in-depth discussions between respiratory scientists, and to provide an overview of the literature on the available models. Focus was put on their specific benefits and limitations. This will result in more efficient use of resources and greater reduction in the numb…
Characterization of poly(4-vinylpyridine 1-oxide) by free-solution capillary electrophoresis and micellar electrokinetic chromatography
2008
The migration characteristics of poly(4-vinylpyridine 1-oxide) (PVP-NO) in phosphate buffers of acidic pH (20 mM H 3 PO 4 or NaH 2 PO 4 ) have been studied using both free-solution capillary electrophoresis (FSCE) and MEKC. To inhibit adsorption, 250 mM o-phosphoethanolamine (2-aminoethyl dihydrogen phosphate) was used. In FSCE, PVP-NO showed a narrow peak and a broader band, both having anionic behavior. These peak and band were attributed to the free and aggregated or micellized PVP-NO forms, respectively. According to surface tension measurements, the CMC of SDS in the BGE was 1.8 and 0.48 mM in the absence and in the presence of 1000 μpg/mL PVP-NO, respectively, and the association of t…
How preconditioning and pretensioning of grafts used in ACLigaments surgical reconstruction are influenced by their mechanical time-dependent charact…
2021
Abstract Purpose Consensus about a pre-implant preparation protocol adaptable to any graft used in Anterior Cruciate Ligament reconstruction is still lacking. In fact, there is not agreement on reliable metrics that consider both specific graft dimensional characteristics, such as its diameter, and the inherent properties of its constitutive material, i.e. ligaments or tendons. Aim of the present study was to investigate and propose the applied engineering stress as a possible metrics. Methods Preconditioning and pretensioning protocol involved groups of grafts with different section (10 or 32 mm2) and materials (i.e. human patellar and hamstring tendons, and synthetic grafts). A 140 N load…
Mosaic Qβ coats as a new presentation model
1998
The new protein carrier was developed on the basis of recombinant RNA phage Qbeta capsid. C-terminal UGA extension of the short form of Qbeta coat, so-called A1 extension, served as a target for presentation of foreign peptides on the outer surface of mosaic Qbeta particles. In conditions of enhanced UGA suppression, the proportion of A1-extended to short coats in mosaic particles dropped from 48% to 14%, with an increase of the length of A1 extension. A model insertion, short preS1 epitope 31-DPAFR-35 of hepatitis B surface antigen, demonstrated superficial location on the mosaic Qbeta particles and ensured specific antigenicity and immunogenicity.
Sixfold improved single particle measurement of the magnetic moment of the antiproton
2017
Our current understanding of the Universe comes, among others, from particle physics and cosmology. In particle physics an almost perfect symmetry between matter and antimatter exists. On cosmological scales, however, a striking matter/antimatter imbalance is observed. This contradiction inspires comparisons of the fundamental properties of particles and antiparticles with high precision. Here we report on a measurement of the g-factor of the antiproton with a fractional precision of 0.8 parts per million at 95% confidence level. Our value /2=2.7928465(23) outperforms the previous best measurement by a factor of 6. The result is consistent with our proton g-factor measurement gp/2=2.7928473…
Relationship between aortic stiffness and serum uric acid in essential hypertension
2012
In last years hyperuricemia has been associated with an increased incidence of renal and cardiovascular events in general population, as well as in patients with diabetes and hypertension. However, the role of serum uric acid (SUA) as independent cardiovascular risk factor is still controversial. It is well known that increased aortic stiffness is a powerful independent predictor of cardiovascular events. Little is known about the influence of uric acid on aortic distensibility in subjects with arterial hypertension. The aim of our study was to evaluate the relationships between SUA and aortic stiffness in a group of essential hypertensive patients, attending our Hypertension Centre. We enr…
Chronic atrial fibrillation in presence of aortic stenosis in a patient with polysplenia syndrome.
2013
We report a rare case of “situs viscerum ambiguous” with polysplenia syndrome, in a 69 year old female patient with aortic stenosis and chronic atrial fibrillation. The presenting symptom was dyspnoea on moderate exertion and an ECG showed supra ventricular arrhythmia. Patients trans-thoracic echocardiogram revealed a dilated left atrium, reduced ejection fraction, mild tricuspid regurgitation, moderate-severe pulmonary hypertension and severe aortic stenosis. The patient was successfully treated with a replacement of her aortic valve and ascending aorta.