Search results for "compatibility"

Histocompatibility reaction in tissue and cells of the marine sponge Suberites domuncula in vitro and in vivo: central role of the allograft inflamma…

2001

Sponges (Porifera) are the phylogenetically oldest still extant metazoan phylum. Recently elements of their immune system have been cloned and analyzed, primarily from the demosponges Suberites domuncula and Geodia cydonium. By differential display, two genes were identified in S. domuncula, whose translation products are involved in graft rejection/fusion: the allograft inflammatory factor (AIF-1) and the Tcf-like transcription factor (TCF). Since the AIF-1 and TCF genes are upregulated in vivo after tissue transplantation, especially in allografts, we investigated whether this reaction can be monitored in vitro. Therefore, the autogeneic and the allogeneic mixed sponge cell reaction (MSCR…

Biodegradable Protein Nanocontainers

2015

The application of synthetic polymers for drug delivery often requires tremendous efforts to ensure biocompatibility and -degradation. To use the body's own substances can help to overcome these problems. Herein, we present the first synthesis of nanocontainers entirely composed of albumin proteins. These protein nanocontainers (PNCs) were loaded with hydrophilic compounds and release of the payload is triggered through natural lysis in vitro in human monocyte-derived dendritic cells (moDCs). No aggregation of PNCs in human blood plasma was observed, indicating stability for blood circulation. As the PNCs were readily taken up by moDCs, they are considered as a promising delivery platform f…

Downregulation of the constitutive tapasin expression in human tumor cells of distinct origin and its transcriptional upregulation by cytokines

2001

Human tumor cells frequently exhibit abnormalities in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I surface expression which can be due to structural alterations and/or dysregulation of various components of the MHC class I antigen processing machinery, such as HLA class I heavy and light chains, the peptide transporter and the proteasome subunits. Although several cofactors critical for proper MHC class I assembly have been identified, their contribution to the immune escape phenotype of tumor cells has not been analyzed. In order to determine whether tapasin deficits are an integral part of immune escape mechanisms of human tumors, we studied the constitutive and cytokine-regulated e…

Antigen-processing machinery breakdown and tumor growth.

2000

Defects in the major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class I antigen-processing machinery (APM) have been described in tumors of different histology. Murine data suggest that defects in the MHC class II APM might also be associated with malignant transformation of human cells. This article describes the pathophysiology of the MHC class I and II APM, reviews APM abnormalities in tumor cells and discusses their role in the escape of tumor cells from in vitro recognition by T cells.

Major histocompatibility complex class I-restricted activation of cloned T cells by a soluble protein in the absence of accessory cells.

1989

A T-cell clone, 10BK.1, was established from the draining lymph nodes of (B10 x B10.BR)F1 mice immunized with ovalbumin (OVA) according to standard protocols. Upon coculture with the antigen, 10BK.1 cells reacted by production of lymphokines and by proliferation despite the absence of additional antigen-presenting cells. These T cells do not express major histocompatibility complex (MHC) class II molecules on the cell surface as assessed on the basis of several criteria: by cytofluorometric analysis I-A and I-E determinants were not detectable; 10BK.1 cells could not act as antigen-presenting cells for long-term-cultured MHC class II-restricted T-cell clones; and monoclonal antibodies direc…

Evidence for T cell receptor-HLA class II molecule interaction in the response to superantigenic bacterial toxins

1991

The staphylococcal enterotoxins and related microbial T cell mitogens stimulate T cells by cross-linking variable parts of the T cell receptor (TcR) with MHC class II molecules on accessory or target cells. In this report we describe that a given combination of T cell, accessory cell (AC) and toxin can be non-stimulatory. However, the same T cell can respond to the same toxin on another AC and the same AC can present the same toxin to another T cell. This indicates that in the complex formed between TcR, toxin and class II molecule an interaction between TcR and class II molecule takes place.

Requirements of Exogenous Protein Antigens for Presentation to CD4+ T lymphocytes By MHC Class II-Positive APC

1993

The antigen-specific activation of CD4-positive T helper cells depends on the recognition of a complex of MHC class II molecules and an antigen-derived peptide on the surface of antigen-presenting cells (APC). For most antigens generation of this MHC/peptide complex requires the uptake of the respective antigen by APC, followed by intracellular processing. The latter leads to suitable peptides of the antigen which are able to bind to MHC class ll-molecules. Subsequently the resulting complexes are transported to the cell surface. Evidence supporting this concept came mainly from the finding that agents such as chloroquine1, interfering with the function of endosomes and lysosomes, can block…

The Hsc/Hsp70 Co-Chaperone Network Controls Antigen Aggregation and Presentation during Maturation of Professional Antigen Presenting Cells

2011

The maturation of mouse macrophages and dendritic cells involves the transient deposition of ubiquitylated proteins in the form of dendritic cell aggresome-like induced structures (DALIS). Transient DALIS formation was used here as a paradigm to study how mammalian cells influence the formation and disassembly of protein aggregates through alterations of their proteostasis machinery. Co-chaperones that modulate the interplay of Hsc70 and Hsp70 with the ubiquitin-proteasome system (UPS) and the autophagosome-lysosome pathway emerged as key regulators of this process. The chaperone-associated ubiquitin ligase CHIP and the ubiquitin-domain protein BAG-1 are essential for DALIS formation in mou…

Complete cDNA sequence coding for the MHC class II RT1.B alpha chain of the Lewis rat.

1989

A newly established murine immature dendritic cell line can be differentiated into a mature state, but exerts tolerogenic function upon maturation in…

2007

AbstractThe phenotype and function of murine dendritic cells (DCs) are primarily studied using bone-marrow–derived DCs (BM-DCs), but may be hampered by the heterogenous phenotype of BM-DCs due to their differential state of maturation. Here we characterize a newly established murine DC line (SP37A3) of myeloid origin. During maintainance in the presence of granulocyte-macrophage colony-stimulating factor (GM-CSF) and M-CSF, SP37A3 cells resemble immature DCs characterized by low expression of major histocompatibility complex (MHC) II and costimulatory molecules and low T-cell stimulatory capacity. Upon stimulation, SP37A3 cells acquire a mature phenotype and activate naive T cells as potent…