Search results for "malate"
showing 10 items of 67 documents
Cloning and characterization of the genes encoding the malolactic enzyme and the malate permease of Leuconostoc oenos
1996
Using degenerated primers from conserved regions of the protein sequences of malic enzymes, we amplified a 324-bp DNA fragment by PCR from Leuconostoc oenos and used this fragment as a probe for screening a Leuconostoc oenos genomic bank. Of the 2,990 clones in the genomic bank examined, 7 with overlapping fragments were isolated by performing colony hybridization experiments. Sequencing 3,453 bp from overlapping fragments revealed two open reading frames that were 1,623 and 942 nucleotides long and were followed by a putative terminator structure. The first deduced protein (molecular weight, 59,118) is very similar (level of similarity, 66%) to the malolactic enzyme of Lactococcus lactis; …
Ontogenetic variations of some enzymes indicentrarchus labrax(Serranidae)
1989
Abstract The ontogenesis of isozyme patterns of alcohol dehydrogenase (ADH), glycerol‐3‐phosphate dehydrogenase (α‐GPDH), lactate dehydrogenase (LDH), malate dehydrogenase (MDH), glucose‐6‐phosphate dehydrogenase (G‐6‐PD) and glucosephosphate isomer‐ase (GPI) in Dicentrarchus labrax was studied. ADH is active only in the liver of the adult; a‐GPDH is active in only two tissues in the adult: the A2 isozyme in white skeletal muscle and the B2 isozyme in the liver. Differential gene expression was found only for LDH, MDH and GPI, which have polymeric structure. The LDH, MDH and GPI isozymes 30 days after hatching were completely active and showed patterns very similar to those of the adult. Sp…
Transport of C(4)-dicarboxylates in Wolinella succinogenes.
2000
ABSTRACT C 4 -dicarboxylate transport is a prerequisite for anaerobic respiration with fumarate in Wolinella succinogenes , since the substrate site of fumarate reductase is oriented towards the cytoplasmic side of the membrane. W. succinogenes was found to transport C 4 -dicarboxylates (fumarate, succinate, malate, and aspartate) across the cytoplasmic membrane by antiport and uniport mechanisms. The electrogenic uniport resulted in dicarboxylate accumulation driven by anaerobic respiration. The molar ratio of internal to external dicarboxylate concentration was up to 10 3 . The dicarboxylate antiport was either electrogenic or electroneutral. The electroneutral antiport required the prese…
Structure of a polysaccharide from the lipopolysaccharides of Vibrio vulnificus strains CECT 5198 and S3-I2-36, which is remarkably similar to the O-…
2009
High-molecular-mass polysaccharides were released by mild acid degradation of the lipopolysaccharides of two wild-type Vibrio vulnificus strain, a flagellated motile strain CECT 5198 and a non-flagellated non-motile strain S3-I2-36. Studies by sugar analysis and partial acid hydrolysis along with (1)H and (13)C NMR spectroscopies showed that the polysaccharides from both strains have the same trisaccharide repeating unit of the following structure: --4)-beta-d-GlcpNAc3NAcylAN-(1--4)-alpha-l-GalpNAmA-(1--3)-alpha-d-QuipNAc-(1--where QuiNAc stands for 2-acetamido-2,6-dideoxyglucose, GalNAmA for 2-acetimidoylamino-2-deoxygalacturonic acid, GlcNAc3NAcylAN for 2-acetamido-3-acylamino-2,3-dideoxy…
Anti-tumor activity of two binuclear gold(I) complexes with bridging dithiolate ligands
1986
Abstract Two new binuclear complexes of gold with bridging dithiolate ligands were synthesized and characterized: (o3PAu)2(μ-DTE) and (Et3PAu)2(μ-DMTA); H2DTE=dithioerylthritol and H2DMTA=2,5-dimer- capto-1-thia-3,4-diazole. These compounds and three gold compounds with antiarthritic activity (gold sodium thiomalate, gold thioglucose and Et3PAuCl) were tested for antitumor activity using the Ehrlich- Ascites tumor cell in mice. Only (o3PAu)e(μ-DTE) showed significant activity.
Über den Abbau von L-Äpfelsäure durch Hefen verschiedener Gattungen mit Malatenzym
1974
Summary (1) The aerobic assimilation of malic acid is not a character of certain yeast genera or species as was shown by testing more than 300 different strains. Single strains of the following-species were found to grow on malic acid as the only carbon source: Candida pulcherrima, C. utilis, C. mycoderma, Torulopsis famata, Pichia membranaefaciens, P. wickerhamii, Hansenula capsulata, Trigonopsis variabilis , and Zygosaccharomyces chevalieri . (2) During fermentation C. pulcherrima and T. famata decompose up to 40% and C. utilis up to 80% of the L-malic acid that is present in the medium. (3) L-Malic acid is decomposed to CO 2 and the corresponding amounts of ethanol or pyruvate by cell fr…
Definitive host influences the proteomic profile of excretory/secretory products of the trematode Echinostoma caproni
2016
Background Echinostoma caproni is an intestinal trematode extensively used as experimental model for the study of factors that determine the course of intestinal helminth infections, since this markedly depends on the host species. Although the host-dependent mechanisms for either chronic establishment or early parasite rejection have been broadly studied, little is known regarding the parasite response against different host environments. Methods To identify host-dependent differentially expressed proteins, a comparative proteomic analysis of the excretory/secretory products released from E. caproni adults, isolated from hosts displaying different compatibility with this trematode, was per…
Chromatin structure of the 5′ flanking region of the yeastLEU2 gene
1989
The chromatin structure of theLEU2 gene and its flanks has been studied by means of nuclease digestion, both with micrococcal nuclease and DNase I. The gene is organized in an array of positioned nucleosomes. Within the promoter region, the nucleosome positioning places the regulatory sequences, putative TATA box and upstream activator sequence outside the nucleosomal cores. The tRNA3 Leu gene possesses a characteristic structure and is protected against nucleases. Most of the 5′ flank is sensitive to DNase I digestion, although no clear hypersensitive sites were found. The chromatin structure is independent of either the transcriptional state of the gene or the chromosomal or episomal loca…
Multispectral fluorescence sensitivity to acidic and polyphenolic changes in Chardonnay wines – The case study of malolactic fermentation
2022
International audience; In this study, stationary and time-resolvedfluorescence signatures, were statistically and chemometrically analyzed among three typologies of Chardonnay wines (A, B and C) with the objectives to evaluate their sensitivity to acidic and polyphenolic changes. For that purpose, a dataset was built using Excitation Emission Matrices of fluorescence (N = 103) decomposed by a Parallel Factor Analysis (PARAFAC), andfluorescence decays (N = 22), mathematically fitted, using the conventional exponential modeling and the phasor plot representation. Wine PARAFAC component C4 coupledwith its phasor plot g and s values enable the description of malolactic fermentation (MLF) occur…
Use of grape racemes from Grillo cultivar to increase the acidity level of sparkling base wines produced with different Saccharomyces cerevisiae stra…
2020
The most important oenological characteristics of high-quality sparkling wines are aromatic aspect, taste persistence, perlage, high levels of acidity and low pH. Due to hot climate and reduced rainfall that characterize Sicily region, white grape varieties such as Grillo cultivar cultivated in this area are characterized by very low concentrations of malic and tartaric acids. Grillo cultivar is characterized by an intense production of raceme grapes with low pH and high content of tartaric and malic acids. These fruits possess the chemical properties useful to increase the amounts of acids in the final wines. With this in mind, the present research was carried out to test the ability of fo…