Search results for "medium"

showing 10 items of 3746 documents

A comparative life-cycle assessment of asphalt mixtures for railway sub-ballast containing alternative materials

2018

Abstract Bituminous sub-ballast in railway track-bed can mitigate the variation of the moisture content in the subgrade and reduce vertical stiffness variations of the track leading to a more durable infrastructure. Nevertheless, durability is only one of the aspects that affects the sustainability of an infrastructure. Other relevant aspects are related to the environmental and economic issues. This research work joins the worldwide effort towards a paradigm shift in civil engineering devoted to assess the sustainability of infrastructures at the design stage. With this in mind, in this study different alternative bituminous sub-ballast mixtures containing recycled materials, namely crumb …

Bituminous mixtures; Crumb rubber; Environmental sustainability; Life-cycle assessment; Reclaimed asphalt pavements; Waste Management and Disposal; Economics and EconometricsBallastEconomics and EconometricsLife-cycle assessment0211 other engineering and technologies02 engineering and technology010501 environmental sciencesTrack (rail transport)Reclaimed asphalt pavement01 natural sciencesCivil engineeringReclaimed asphalt pavementsNatural rubberBituminous mixture021105 building & constructionSettore ICAR/04 - Strade Ferrovie Ed AeroportiCrumb rubberEnvironmental sustainabilityWaste Management and Disposal0105 earth and related environmental sciencesCrumb rubberSubgradeBituminous mixturesDurabilityAsphaltvisual_artSustainabilityvisual_art.visual_art_mediumEnvironmental scienceResources, Conservation and Recycling
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Six Sigma in small- and medium-sized enterprises: a Black Belt project in the Swedish steel industry

2014

Many big companies around the world have solid Six Sigma infrastructures and it is easy to find in literature successful case studies. Conversely, small and medium-sized enterprises (SMEs) generally suffer lower attention in the literature. This happens because SMEs have only recently approached the methodology; they have weaker connection with the academia; or they do not rigorously pursue the frameworks. This paper is based on a Six Sigma project in a Swedish medium-sized company that produces steel tubes mainly for hydraulic applications. The project focused on the improvement of warehouse activities related to cutting processes. This Black Belt project was part of a Six Sigma education …

Black Belt projectEngineeringBlack Belt educationSettore SECS-S/02 - Statistica Per La Ricerca Sperimentale E Tecnologicabusiness.industryStrategy and ManagementSMESix SigmaSix Sigma methodologyIndustrial and Manufacturing EngineeringManufacturing engineeringOperations managementbusinessBlack beltsmall- and medium-sized enterpriseInternational Journal of Six Sigma and Competitive Advantage
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Structural and functional characterization of enamel pigmentation in shrews.

2013

Pigmented tooth enamel occurs in several vertebrate clades, ranging from mammals to fish. Although an iron compound is associated with this orange to red colored pigmentation, its chemical and structural organization within the enamel is unknown. To determine the nature of the iron compound, we investigated heavily pigmented teeth of the northern short-tailed shrew Blarina brevicauda using combined characterization techniques such as scanning and transmission electron microscopy and synchrotron X-ray diffraction. We found that the pigmentation of the enamel with an iron content of around 8wt% results from a close to amorphous magnetite phase deposited around the nm-sized enamel crystals. Fu…

Blarina brevicaudaMineralogychemistry.chemical_compoundstomatognathic systemMicroscopy Electron TransmissionX-Ray DiffractionStructural BiologyHardnessbiology.animalElastic ModulusmedicineAnimalsDental EnamelMagnetiteEnamel paintbiologyChemistryPigmentationPhotoelectron SpectroscopyShrewsShrewNanoindentationTooth enamelbiology.organism_classificationFerrosoferric Oxidestomatognathic diseasesmedicine.anatomical_structureTransmission electron microscopyvisual_artIron contentDentinvisual_art.visual_art_mediumBiophysicsJournal of structural biology
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Hydrogen Peroxide Diffusion through Enamel and Dentin

2018

The purpose of this study was to evaluate the in vitro diffusion of commercial bleaching products (hydrogen peroxide (HP) or carbamide peroxide (CP) based) with different application protocols. Human enamel-dentin discs were obtained and divided into 20 groups. Four commercial products based on HP (Pola Office+(PO), Perfect Bleach (PB), Norblanc Office-automix (NO), and Boost (BT)), and one based on CP (PolaDay CP (PD)), were evaluated with different application protocols (3 applications &times

BleachDiffusionhydrogen peroxide02 engineering and technologyengineering.materialapplication timelcsh:TechnologyFluorescence spectroscopyArticle03 medical and health scienceschemistry.chemical_compound0302 clinical medicineDentinmedicineGeneral Materials Sciencelcsh:MicroscopyHydrogen peroxidelcsh:QC120-168.85lcsh:QH201-278.5Enamel paintlcsh:Tcarbamide peroxidePulp (paper)dental bleachingdiffusion030206 dentistryBuffer solution021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologymedicine.anatomical_structurechemistrylcsh:TA1-2040visual_artengineeringvisual_art.visual_art_mediumlcsh:Descriptive and experimental mechanicslcsh:Electrical engineering. Electronics. Nuclear engineeringlcsh:Engineering (General). Civil engineering (General)0210 nano-technologylcsh:TK1-9971light activationNuclear chemistryMaterials
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Synthesis and characterization of Sn(IV) complexes of lower rim 1,3-diacid derivative of calix[4]arene and their protective effects on tissue oxidati…

2005

The two Sn(IV) complexes synthesized using calix[4]arene-1,3-di-acid derivative were characterized by analytical, 1H, 13C and 119Sn NMR, matrix assisted laser desorption ionization mass, and 119Sn Mossbauer techniques and found that the complexes are tetranuclear possessing structurally two different types of tin centers. These complexes were evaluated for their protective value against blood and tissue oxidative stress in lead exposed male albino rats of Wistar strain. The results suggest that the two tin complexes significantly protect changes in lead induced biochemical variables indicative of heme synthesis pathway and exhibit only moderate effect on tissue oxidative stress. The benefic…

Blood PlateletsMaleMagnetic Resonance SpectroscopyStereochemistrychemistry.chemical_elementReversal Of Lead Toxicity In Wistar RatsAbsorption (skin)Hepatic And Renal Soft Tissuemedicine.disease_causeBiochemistryMedicinal chemistryInorganic ChemistryMetalSpectroscopy Mossbauerchemistry.chemical_compoundSpectroscopy Fourier Transform InfraredMössbauer spectroscopyOrganotin CompoundsmedicineAnimalsRats WistarStrain (chemistry)Tetranuclear Tin ComplexesChemistryHematological ParametersRatsOxidative StressMatrix-assisted laser desorption/ionizationLeadTinSpectrometry Mass Matrix-Assisted Laser Desorption-Ionizationvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumCalixarenesTinDerivative (chemistry)Oxidative stressJournal of Inorganic Biochemistry
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Griffonianone D, an isoflavone with anti-inflammatory activity from the root bark of Millettia griffoniana.

2003

A new isoflavone, griffonianone D (1), and the previously known compounds durmillone and odorantin were isolated from a chloroform extract of the root bark of Millettia griffoniana. The structure of 1 was established as (7E)-(6",7"-dihydroxy-3",7"-dimethyloct-2"-enyl)oxy-4'-methoxyisoflavone on the basis of its spectral data. The chloroform extract of the root bark of M. griffoniana and compound 1 showed anti-inflammatory effects in different experimental models of inflammation.

Blood Plateletsmedicine.drug_classFlavonoidPharmaceutical SciencePlant RootsAnti-inflammatoryMillettiaPhospholipases AAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundDrug DiscoveryBotanymedicineLeukocytesAnimalsEdemaHumansCameroonSpectral dataNuclear Magnetic Resonance BiomolecularPharmacologychemistry.chemical_classificationFlavonoidsChloroformPlants MedicinalTraditional medicinebiologyMolecular StructureOrganic ChemistryAnti-Inflammatory Agents Non-SteroidalGriffonianone DEarStereoisomerismbiology.organism_classificationIsoflavonesMillettiaRatsPhospholipases AComplementary and alternative medicinechemistryProstaglandin-Endoperoxide Synthasesvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPlant BarkMolecular MedicineBarkJournal of natural products
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METAMORPHIC EVOLUTION OF SPESSARTINE QUARTZITES (COTICULES) IN THE HIGH-PRESSURE, LOW-TEMPERATURE COMPLEX AT BAHIA MANSA, COASTAL CORDILLERA OF SOUTH…

2001

Lenses of spessartine quartzites (coticules) are associated with greenschist intercalations in coastal exposures at Bahia Mansa within the mainly metapsammopelitic Western Series, which forms most of the basement in the Coastal Cordillera of central to southern Chile. The chemical compositions of the coticules can be explained by protoliths formed from ferriferous and manganiferous hydrothermal precipitates mixed with aluminous alteration-derived material on top of oceanic crust. The peak conditions of metamorphism were calculated with multivariant reactions: 270–370 °C, 6–8 kbar. A retrograde P–T evolution was marked by decompression to 2 kbar during cooling below 300°C, influx of an exter…

BlueschistGreenschistMetamorphic rockGeochemistryMetamorphismEpidoteengineering.materialSpessartinePhengiteGeochemistry and Petrologyvisual_artvisual_art.visual_art_mediumengineeringFluid inclusionsGeologyThe Canadian Mineralogist
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Five-year results following treatment of intrabony defects with enamel matrix proteins and guided tissue regeneration

2004

Treatment with enamel matrix proteins (EMD) or guided tissue regeneration (GTR) has been shown to enhance periodontal regeneration. However, until now there are limited data on the long-term results following these treatment modalities.The aim of the present clinical study was to present the 5-year results following treatment of intrabony defects with EMD, GTR, combination of EMD and GTR, and open flap debridement (OFD).Forty-two patients, each of whom displayed one intrabony defect of a probing depth of at least 6 mm, were randomly treated with one of the four treatment modalities. The following parameters were evaluated prior to surgery, at 1 year and at 5 years after: plaque index, gingi…

Bone RegenerationTreatment outcomeAlveolar Bone LossDentistryStatistics NonparametricRoot PlaningPrimary outcomeDental Enamel ProteinsHumansMedicineBone regenerationAnalysis of VarianceEnamel paintbusiness.industryOpen flap debridementRoot planingLong term resultsMiddle Agedvisual_artGuided Tissue Regeneration Periodontalvisual_art.visual_art_mediumPeriodonticsPeriodontal IndexbusinessEnamel matrix proteinsFollow-Up StudiesJournal of Clinical Periodontology
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The Effects of Alveolar Ridge Preservation: A Meta-Analysis

2015

Purpose The aim of this article was to analyze the horizontal, vertical, and histological effects of alveolar ridge preservation (ARP) versus the ones of unassisted socket healing, in the format of an up-to-date review and meta-analysis. Materials and Methods An extensive electronic search in the electronic databases of the National Library of Medicine was conducted for articles published up to June 2014 to identify literature presenting data on the topic of ARP. Only randomized controlled trials, controlled clinical trials, and prospective trials were included for meta-analysis. Results After screening 903 abstracts from the electronic database, we included 64 studies in qualitative and 18…

Bone widthbusiness.industryDentistry030206 dentistrylaw.inventionClinical trial03 medical and health sciences0302 clinical medicineRandomized controlled triallaw030220 oncology & carcinogenesisMeta-analysisAlveolar ridgeMedicineElectronic databaseImplantOral SurgeryMedium RiskbusinessGeneral DentistryClinical Implant Dentistry and Related Research
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BODIPY-phosphane as a versatile tool for easy access to new metal-based theranostics

2012

A new BODIPY-phosphane was synthesized and proved to be a versatile tool for imaging organometallic complexes. It also led to easy access to a new family of theranostics, featuring gold, ruthenium and osmium complexes. The compounds' cytotoxicity was tested on cancer cells, and their cell uptake was followed by fluorescence microscopy in vitro.

Boron Compoundsinorganic chemicalsCell SurvivalPhosphinesINHIBITIONchemistry.chemical_elementGOLD COMPOUNDSRutheniumInorganic ChemistryMetalchemistry.chemical_compoundGold CompoundsPOLYPYRIDINE COMPLEXESCoordination ComplexesCHEMISTRYCell Line TumorFluorescence microscopeHumansOrganic chemistryOsmiumCytotoxicityAGENTSMicroscopy ConfocalChemistryOsmiumCombinatorial chemistryRutheniumMetalsvisual_artPHOTOPHYSICAL PROPERTIESCancer cellvisual_art.visual_art_mediumMODESGoldBODIPYDYESBEHAVIOR
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