Search results for "mixture"

showing 10 items of 1178 documents

Biological effects of high molecular weight lignin derivatives

2010

Abstract A number of high molecular weight (HMW) lignin derivatives possessing varied chemical properties were screened for their biological effects in order to obtain more information on the possible structural features of HMW lignin-related effects. The studied compounds were both commercial and in-house extracted lignin derivatives. Bioassays used include reverse electron transport (RET), Vibrio fischeri, Daphnia magna , and juvenile rainbow trout ( Oncorhynchus mykiss) hepatocytes. The studied lignin derivatives inhibited the in vitro systems and luminescence of V. fischeri bacteria to some extent–daphnids were not affected. It seems that, at least in the RET assay, certain pH-dependent…

Paperendocrine systemHealth Toxicology and MutagenesisDaphnia magnaLigninWaste Disposal Fluidcomplex mixturesMicrobiologyElectron Transportchemistry.chemical_compoundToxicity TestsCytochrome P-450 CYP1A1AnimalsLigninBioassayFinlandVibriobiologyfungitechnology industry and agriculturePublic Health Environmental and Occupational Healthfood and beveragesBiological activityGeneral Medicinebiology.organism_classificationPollutionIn vitroVibrioReverse electron flowDaphniachemistryBiochemistryOncorhynchus mykissHepatocytesBiological AssayWater Pollutants ChemicalBacteriaEcotoxicology and Environmental Safety
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Analysis of phosphorylation-dependent modulation of Kv1.1 potassium channels.

2003

The voltage-gated potassium channel Kv1.1 contains phosphorylation sites for protein kinase A (PKA) and protein kinase C (PKC). To study Kv1.1 protein expression and cellular distribution in regard to its level of phosphorylation, the effects of PKA and PKC activation on Kv1.1 were investigated in HEK 293 cells stably transfected with Kv1.1 (HEK 293/1). Without kinase activation, HEK 293/1 cells carry unphosphorylated Kv1.1 protein in the plasma membranes, whereas large amounts of phosphorylated and unphosphorylated Kv1.1 protein were located intracellularly. Activation of PKA resulted in phosphorylation of intracellular Kv1.1 protein, followed by a rapid translocation of Kv1.1 into the pla…

Patch-Clamp TechniquesPotassium Channelscomplex mixturesCell LineCellular and Molecular NeuroscienceHumansnatural sciencesProtein phosphorylationPatch clampPhosphorylationProtein kinase AProtein kinase CProtein Kinase CPharmacologyurogenital systemKinaseChemistryHEK 293 cellsAntibodies MonoclonalCyclic AMP-Dependent Protein KinasesPotassium channelCell biologyEnzyme ActivationKineticsProtein Transportnervous systemBiochemistryPotassium Channels Voltage-GatedPhosphorylationbiological phenomena cell phenomena and immunityKv1.1 Potassium ChannelIon Channel GatingNeuropharmacology
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Arsenic Sorption onto Peat and Iron Humates

2012

Environmental pollution with arsenic is a global problem; therefore, new remediation methods are needed. Peat modified with iron compounds and iron humates were prepared and tested for sorption of arsenic compounds. The highest sorption capacity was observed when iron-modified peat was used. Sorption of different arsenic speciation forms onto iron-modified peat sorbents was investigated as a function of pH, reaction time and temperature. Sorption capacity increases with temperature and was spontaneous and endothermic.

PeatChemistryEnvironmental remediationEnvironmental chemistryGlobal problemchemistry.chemical_elementSorptionArsenic speciationEnvironmental pollutioncomplex mixturesEndothermic processArsenic
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Water-Dependent Blending of Pectin Films: The Mechanics of Conjoined Biopolymers

2020

Biodegradable pectin polymers have been recommended for a variety of biomedical applications, ranging from the delivery of oral drugs to the repair of injured visceral organs. A promising approach to regulate pectin biostability is the blending of pectin films. To investigate the development of conjoined films, we examined the physical properties of high-methoxyl pectin polymer-polymer (homopolymer) interactions at the adhesive interface. Pectin polymers were tested in glass phase (10&ndash

PectinPharmaceutical Science02 engineering and technology01 natural sciencesAnalytical ChemistryDiffusionBiopolymersTheoretical and Computational ChemistryPhase (matter)Drug DiscoveryComposite materialchemistry.chemical_classificationpectindigestive oral and skin physiologyfood and beveragesPolymerAdhesion021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCompressive strengthChemistry (miscellaneous)ArtificialMolecular MedicinePectins0210 nano-technologyscanning electron microscopyanimal structuresfood.ingredientMaterials sciencehomopolymer adhesionmacromolecular substances010402 general chemistrycomplex mixturesPaint adhesion testingArticlelcsh:QD241-441Medicinal and Biomolecular Chemistryfoodlcsh:Organic chemistryPolysaccharidesUltimate tensile strengthPhysical and Theoretical ChemistryMembranesOrganic ChemistryWaterMembranes Artificial0104 chemical scienceschemistryfracture mechanicspolysaccharideAdhesiveGlassGelsMolecules
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Immunogenicity, reactogenicity and safety of a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7) concurrently administered with a DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib combi…

2006

Abstract Background To evaluate immunogenicity, reactogenicity, and safety of a hexavalent combination vaccine diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis B-inactivated polio virus- Haemophilus influenzae type b (DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib) when coadministered with a 7-valent pneumococcal conjugate vaccine (PCV7). Methods Infants received either a hexavalent diphtheria-tetanus-acellular pertussis-hepatitis B-inactivated polio virus- H. influenzae type b vaccine concomitantly with PCV7 or DTPa-HBV-IPV/Hib alone infants were vaccinated at 2, 3 and 4 months (primary immunization) and 12–15 months of age (booster dose). Local and systemic reactions and adverse events were monitored following each do…

Pediatricsmedicine.medical_specialtyPopulationBooster doseDiphtheria-Tetanus-acellular Pertussis Vaccinescomplex mixturesPneumococcal conjugate vaccinePneumococcal VaccinesmedicineHumansHepatitis B VaccinesVaccines CombinededucationWhooping coughBacterial CapsulesHaemophilus Vaccineseducation.field_of_studyReactogenicityGeneral VeterinaryGeneral Immunology and Microbiologybusiness.industryTetanusDiphtheriaPolysaccharides BacterialPublic Health Environmental and Occupational HealthInfantmedicine.diseaseVaccinationPoliovirus Vaccine InactivatedInfectious DiseasesImmunologyAntibody FormationMolecular MedicineImmunizationbusinessmedicine.drugVaccine
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Induction of micronuclei in V79 Chinese hamster cells by tetrachlorohydroquinone, a metabolite of pentachlorophenol

1992

Tetrachlorohydroquinone, a metabolite of the fungicide pentachlorophenol, induced significant dose-related increases in micronuclei in V79 Chinese hamster cells without exogenous metabolic activation. The lowest observed effective dose was 10 microM, where the relative survival was about 62%. At the highest dose tested, 20 microM, the relative survival was about 8% and the frequency of cells with micronuclei was about 6 times the solvent control frequency. The induction of micronuclei by tetrachlorohydroquinone was significantly inhibited by the hydroxyl radical scavenger dimethyl sulfoxide at 5% (v/v).

PentachlorophenolMetaboliteHamsterToxicologycomplex mixturesChinese hamsterchemistry.chemical_compoundCricetulusCricetinaeGeneticsAnimalsDimethyl SulfoxideCells CulturedMicronuclei Chromosome-DefectiveCarcinogenMicronucleus TestsbiologyDimethyl sulfoxidebiology.organism_classificationMolecular biologyEffective dose (pharmacology)HydroquinonesPentachlorophenolchemistryBiochemistryMicronucleus testDNA DamageMutation Research/Genetic Toxicology
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Trajectories of change in reading self-efficacy: A longitudinal analysis of self-efficacy and its sources

2021

The beliefs children hold about their capabilities as readers are known to influence their reading achievement. The aim of this study was to extend previous work by examining trajectories of change in reading self-efficacy among primary school students (N = 1327) and the relations between the trajectories of self-efficacy and their hypothesized sources over 11 months. Using growth mixture modeling, we identified four trajectories of change in reading self-efficacy, involving increasing, stable, and declining trends. These trajectories of change in reading self-efficacy were associated with students’ varying experiences with the four sources of self-efficacy over time. Higher levels of maste…

Persuasionmedia_common.quotation_subjectpitkittäistutkimuslukeminenomatoimisuusprimary schoolEducationArousalDevelopmental psychologyreadingReading (process)Developmental and Educational Psychology0501 psychology and cognitive sciencesmedia_commonSelf-efficacyPoint (typography)05 social sciencesalakoululaiset050301 educationMixture modelingsense organssources of self-efficacyPsychologyself-efficacy0503 education050104 developmental & child psychologyContemporary Educational Psychology
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Draft Genome Sequences of Dickeya sp. Isolates B16 (NIB Z 2098) and S1 (NIB Z 2099) Causing Soft Rot of Phalaenopsis Orchids

2015

ABSTRACT The genus Dickeya contains bacteria causing soft rot of economically important crops and ornamental plants. Here, we report the draft genome sequences of two Dickeya sp. isolates from rotted leaves of Phalaenopsis orchids.

PhalaenopsisbiologyGenus Dickeyafungitechnology industry and agriculturefood and beveragesmacromolecular substancesGene sequencebiology.organism_classificationBioinformaticsSoft rotcomplex mixturesGenomeU30 Research methodsBotanyOrnamental plantGeneticsDickeya sp.ProkaryotesPhalaenopsisH20 Plant diseasesDickeyaMolecular BiologyF30 Plant genetics and breedingGenome Announcements
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A methacrylic hyaluronic acid derivative for potential application in oral treatment of celiac disease.

2017

Objective: Aim of this work was the synthesis of a methacrylic hyaluronic acid (HA) derivative and the production, via photocrosslinking, of related hydrogels loaded with an endopeptidase intended for a potential oral treatment of celiac disease. Methods: The methacrylic derivative of HA was prepared through a one-pot procedure involving the reaction with ethylenediamine (EDA) and methacrylic anhydride (MA). The obtained derivative, named HA-EDA-MA, was used to prepare photocrosslinked hydrogels loaded with a prolyl endopeptidase derived from Flavobacterium meningosepticum (PEP FM) able to detoxify gliadin. Obtained hydrogels were recovered as gels or freeze-dried powders. Results: Hydrogel…

Pharmaceutical ScienceMethacrylic anhydrideprolyl endopeptidaseEthylenediamineAdministration OralEthylenediamine02 engineering and technologyMethacrylate010402 general chemistryMethacrylate01 natural sciencescomplex mixtureschemistry.chemical_compoundMiceProlyl endopeptidaseoral enzyme releaseDrug DiscoveryHyaluronic acidmedicineOrganic chemistryAnimalsHumansHyaluronic AcidPharmacologyChemistryAnimalDrug Discovery3003 Pharmaceutical ScienceOrganic ChemistrySerine Endopeptidasestechnology industry and agricultureUV irradiationHydrogels021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyEthylenediaminesEndopeptidase0104 chemical sciencesSerine EndopeptidaseHydrogelCeliac DiseaseSelf-healing hydrogelsMethacrylates0210 nano-technologyProlyl OligopeptidasesDerivative (chemistry)Nuclear chemistrymedicine.drugHumanDrug development and industrial pharmacy
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Left, Right, or Both? On the Configuration of the Phenanthroindolizidine Alkaloid Tylophorine from Tylophora indica

2013

The alkaloid (-)-tylophorine was isolated from a sample of Tylophora indica, and the crude extract was analyzed by HPLC/MS(n) and chiral HPLC/MS. While the literature states that the naturally occurring form of this alkaloid is the R-enantiomer and that its S-antipode is usually not found in nature, we confirmed the hypothesis of Govindachari and Nagarajan that natural levorotatory tylophorine is indeed a nearly racemic mixture with a slight excess of the R-enantiomer.

PharmacologyMolecular StructureChemistryAlkaloidOrganic ChemistryIndolizinesPharmaceutical ScienceTylophoraPhenanthrenesHigh-performance liquid chromatographyLevorotatoryAnalytical ChemistryChiral column chromatographyAlkaloidsTylophora indicaComplementary and alternative medicineDrug DiscoveryMolecular MedicineOrganic chemistryRacemic mixturePhenanthrolinesJournal of Natural Products
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