Search results for "silicon"

showing 10 items of 1391 documents

Impurity analyses of silicon wafers from different manufacturing routes and their impact on LID of finished solar cells

2013

Summarizes the measurements of impurity concentrations in directionally solidified silicon ingots from different feedstocks. The substitutional Carbon and interstitial Oxygen are measured on as-sawn wafers using FTIR. Active iron concentration is mapped on a-Si:H passivated wafers. It is observed that these impurities present in Elkem Solar Grade Silicon (ESS™) concentrations are comparable to the standard polysilicon which are in the acceptable ranges for silicon for solar industry. The measured LID of the finished solar cells is also comparable.

Materials scienceintegumentary systemPassivationSiliconHydrogenMetallurgytechnology industry and agriculturechemistry.chemical_elementcomplex mixturesPolymer solar cellMonocrystalline siliconchemistryImpurityWaferCarbon2013 IEEE 39th Photovoltaic Specialists Conference (PVSC)
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Irradiance Dependent Temperature Coefficients for MC Solar Cells from Elkem Solar Grade Silicon in Comparison with Reference Polysilicon

2014

Abstract An increase in sun intensity enhances the output power of the solar cells, but at the same time the rise of cell temperature affects its electrical performance negatively. The present authors have made a comparative study on temperature coefficients at various irradiances of multicrystalline solar cells made from the standard Siemens process and from material produced by a metallurgical route – the Elkem Solar Silicon (ESS®) process. Such temperature coefficients measured while exposed to various irradiance levels are essential to build a better understanding and prediction of field performance of solar cells manufactured from various feedstock types. In the current experiment, the…

Materials scienceintegumentary systemSiliconField (physics)business.industryIrradiancechemistry.chemical_elementElkem SolarElectroluminescenceTemperature Coefficient ;Solar cell efficiencyOpticschemistryEnergy(all)ELElectrical performanceOptoelectronicsSolar simulatorSilicon materialbusinessIntensity (heat transfer)Energy Procedia
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UV-induced Degradation Study of Multicrystalline Silicon Solar Cells Made from Different Silicon Materials

2013

Abstract The effect of ultraviolet-induced degradation (UV-ID) on solar cells made from two different solar grade materials has been compared. By using identical wafer and cell production units, effects originating in the two materials; solar grade produced by the Elkem Solar method (ESS™) was compared to standard polysilicon solar cells. Silicon wafers were selected precisely from similar positions from respective silicon bricks to process identical standard solar cells. The quantum efficiency maps at particular laser wavelengths and IV parameters of all solar cells were measured before and after UV-ID to visualize defects sites in the solar cells and to observe the extent of degradation. …

Materials scienceintegumentary systemSiliconbusiness.industryfood and beverageschemistry.chemical_elementTemperature CoefficientElkem SolarLaserlaw.inventionMonocrystalline siliconWavelengthEnergy(all)chemistrylawbiological sciencesOptoelectronicsDegradation (geology)WaferQuantum efficiencybusinessTemperature coefficientUV-Induced DegradationEnergy Procedia
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Dendritic Mesoporous Silica Nanoparticles for pH-Stimuli-Responsive Drug Delivery of TNF-Alpha

2017

Tumor necrosis factor-alpha (TNF-α) is a pleiotropic immune stimulatory cytokine and natural endotoxin that can induce necrosis and regression in solid tumors. However, systemic administration of TNF-α is not feasible due to its short half-life and acute toxicity, preventing its widespread use in cancer treatment. Dendritic mesoporous silica nanoparticles (DMSN) are used coated with a pH-responsive block copolymer gate system combining charged hyperbranched polyethylenimine and nonionic hydrophilic polyethylenglycol to encapsulate TNF-α and deliver it into various cancer cell lines and dendritic cells. Half-maximal effective concentration (EC50 ) for loaded TNF-α is reduced by more than two…

Materials sciencemedicine.medical_treatmentBiomedical EngineeringPharmaceutical Science02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciencesProinflammatory cytokineBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundDrug Delivery SystemsIn vivoCell Line TumorNeoplasmsmedicineHumansPolyethylenimineDose-Response Relationship DrugTumor Necrosis Factor-alphaCell CycleCell cycleMesoporous silicaSilicon Dioxide021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesCytokinechemistryImmunologyDrug deliveryBiophysicsNanoparticlesTumor necrosis factor alpha0210 nano-technologyPorosityAdvanced Healthcare Materials
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MWP true time delay implemented in PbS-SU8 waveguides

2015

Es presenta un nou tipus de dispositiu de retard en temps real de microones (TTD) basat en la dispersió de punts quàntics col·loïdals PbS (QD) en el fotoresist SU8 disponible comercialment. Amb aquest propòsit, els nanocompostos PbS-SU8 s’integren en una plataforma de silici en forma de guies d’ones de cresta. Quan aquestes estructures es bomben a longituds d’ona per sota de l’interval de banda dels PbS QD, es realitza un desplaçament de fase en un senyal de microones transmès òpticament (a 1550 nm) i, per tant, es produeix un retard temporal. A més, es milloren els resultats mitjançant la implementació d’una nova guia d’ones de doble capa de cresta composta per un nanocompost PbS-SU8 i una…

Materials sciencemicrowave photonicsSiliconbusiness.industrychemistry.chemical_elementPhotoresistTrue time delaySignal:CIENCIAS TECNOLÓGICAS::Tecnología de las telecomunicaciones [UNESCO]law.inventionWavelengthtrue time delayOpticschemistrylaw:FÍSICA::Óptica ::Fibras ópticas [UNESCO]Dispersion (optics)nanocompositespolymer waveguidesOptoelectronicsbusinessWaveguideMicrowave
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Thermal atomic layer deposition of AlOxNy thin films for surface passivation of nano-textured flexible silicon

2019

Abstract Aluminum oxynitride (AlOxNy) films with different nitrogen concentration are prepared by thermal atomic layer deposition (ALD) for flexible nano-textured silicon (NT-Si) surface passivation. The AlOxNy films are shown to exhibit a homogeneous nitrogen-doping profile and the presence of an adequate amount of hydrogen, which is investigated by Time-of-Fight Elastic Recoil Detection Analysis (ToF-ERDA). The effective minority carrier lifetimes are measured after the NT-Si surface passivation; the minimum surface recombination velocity (SRV) of 5 cm-s−1 is achieved with the AlOxNy film in comparison to the Al2O3 and AlN films (SRV of 7–9 cm-s−1). The better SRV with AlOxNy film is due …

Materials sciencepiiPassivationHydrogenSiliconAnnealing (metallurgy)ta221chemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural sciences7. Clean energyAtomic layer depositionnanorakenteetthermal atomic layer depositionThin filmalumiinisurface passivationblack flexible siliconta114Renewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentDangling bondatomikerroskasvatus021001 nanoscience & nanotechnology0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsElastic recoil detectionchemistryChemical engineeringaluminum oxynitrideohutkalvot0210 nano-technologySolar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
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How far will Silicon nanocrystals push the scaling limits of NVMs technologies?

2004

For the first time, memory devices with optimized high density (2E12#/cm/sup 2/) LPCVD Si nanocrystals have been reproducibly achieved and studied on an extensive statistical basis (from single cell up to 1 Mb test-array) under different programming conditions. An original experimental and theoretical analysis of the threshold voltage shift distribution shows that Si nanocrystals have serious potential to push the scaling of NOR and NAND flash at least to the 35 nm and 65 nm nodes, respectively.

Materials sciencesezeleSiliconbusiness.industryNAND gatechemistry.chemical_elementNanotechnologyChemical vapor depositionSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaThreshold voltageNanocrystalNanoelectronicschemistryOptoelectronicsElectrical and Electronic EngineeringbusinessScience technology and societyScaling
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Structural organization of silanol and silicon hydride groups in the amorphous silicon dioxide network

2011

We present a study on the effects of an isothermal annealing treatment on a-SiO 2 having a significant content of silanol hydride groups (Si-H). We examined the properties of the IR absorption bands of silanol (Si-OH) and silicon hydride groups as a function of the duration of the thermal treatment. We showed that the Si-OH and Si-H groups contents decrease in a linearly correlated way. The annealing dynamics suggest that the two species are close to each other in the amorphous network. We showed that the profile of the silanol groups absorption band is the same as that observed in other commercial a-SiO 2 materials, irrespectively of the concomitant presence of nearby Si-H groups, and, mor…

Materials sciencesilica glass sio2 silanol groups silicon hydride groupsSiliconHydrideAnnealing (metallurgy)chemistry.chemical_elementCondensed Matter PhysicThermal treatmentCondensed Matter PhysicsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsAmorphous solidsymbols.namesakeSilanolchemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryAbsorption bandsymbolsPhysical chemistryRaman spectroscopyThe European Physical Journal B
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Accelerated Tests on Si and SiC Power Transistors with Thermal, Fast and Ultra-Fast Neutrons

2020

Neutron test campaigns on silicon (Si) and silicon carbide (SiC) power MOSFETs and IGBTs were conducted at the TRIGA (Training, Research, Isotopes, General Atomics) Mark II (Pavia, Italy) nuclear reactor and ChipIr-ISIS Neutron and Muon Source (Didcot, U.K.) facility. About 2000 power transistors made by STMicroelectronics were tested in all the experiments. Tests with thermal and fast neutrons (up to about 10 MeV) at the TRIGA Mark II reactor showed that single-event burnout (SEB) failures only occurred at voltages close to the rated drain-source voltage. Thermal neutrons did not induce SEB, nor degradation in the electrical parameters of the devices. SEB failures during testing at ChipIr …

Materials sciencesingle-event burnoutNuclear engineeringneutron beamlcsh:Chemical technologypower device reliability01 natural sciencesBiochemistrySettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaArticleAnalytical ChemistryTRIGAlaw.inventionchemistry.chemical_compoundsilicon carbideDeratinglaw0103 physical sciencesSilicon carbidelcsh:TP1-1185NeutronPower semiconductor deviceElectrical and Electronic EngineeringPower MOSFETInstrumentation010302 applied physics010308 nuclear & particles physicsNuclear reactorAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsNeutron temperatureneutron beamschemistryfailure in timeSensors
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Failure Estimates for SiC Power MOSFETs in Space Electronics

2018

Silicon carbide (SiC) power metal-oxide-semiconductor field effect transistors (MOSFETs) are space-ready in terms of typical reliability measures. However, single event burnout (SEB) due to heavy-ion irradiation often occurs at voltages 50% or lower than specified breakdown. Failure rates in space are estimated for burnout of 1200 V devices based on the experimental data for burnout and the expected heavy-ion linear energy transfer (LET) spectrum in space. peerReviewed

Materials sciencesingle-event burnoutlcsh:Motor vehicles. Aeronautics. AstronauticsAerospace EngineeringBurnoutpower MOSFETs01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundReliability (semiconductor)silicon carbide0103 physical sciencesSilicon carbidePower semiconductor devicePower MOSFETheavy ionsavaruustekniikka010302 applied physicspower devicesreliabilityta114ta213010308 nuclear & particles physicsfailure ratessingle event effectsEngineering physicsPower (physics)säteilyfysiikkachemistrytransistoritField-effect transistorlcsh:TL1-4050VoltageAerospace
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