Can structural and bioactivity gradients mitigate intima hyperplasia on a small diameter tissue-engineered vascular graft?

Multicomponent solid dispersion a new generation of solid dispersion produced by spray-drying

Abstract The term “multicomponent solid dispersion” is widely used in recent literature to describe solid formulations consisting of a special excipient's mixture and active molecules finely dispersed. However, this term has not yet been defined. In this review, we aimed to improve the definition of multicomponent solid dispersions as a new generation of solid dispersions capable to improve both formulation issues and the therapeutic effect of the final dosage form. As it is well-known the use of solid dispersions to improve drug dissolution rate and solubility, this review describes the field of solid dispersions as well as the formulation strategies available for their production. In part…

Solid microcrystalline dispersion films as a new strategy to improve the dissolution rate of poorly water soluble drugs: A case study using olanzapine

In this study, we evaluate the dissolution rate enhancement of solid microcrystalline dispersion (SMD) films of olanzapine (OLZ) formulated with four water-soluble polymers namely poly(N-vinylpyrrolidone) (PVP), poloxamer 188 (P188), poloxamer 407 (P407) and Soluplus(®) (SLP). Prepared formulations were characterised to determine particle size, morphology, hydrogen bonding interactions, thermal characteristics as well as in vitro dissolution studies conducted under sink conditions (pH 6.8). Particle size of OLZ in all formulations ranged between 42 and 58μm. Attenuated Total Reflectance Fourier Transform Infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), Differential Scanning Calorimetry (DSC) and Hot-Stage…

Influence of Polyvinyl Alcohol (PVA) on PVA-Poly-N-hydroxyethyl-aspartamide (PVA-PHEA) Microcrystalline Solid Dispersion Films

AbstractThis study was conducted to formulate buccal films consisting of polyvinyl alcohol (PVA) and poly-N-hydroxyethyl-aspartamide (PHEA), to improve the dissolution of the drug through the oral mucosa. Ibuprofen sodium salt was used as a model drug, and the buccal film was expected to enhance its dissolution rate. Two different concentrations of PVA (5% w/v and 7.5% w/v) were used. Solvent casting was used to prepare films, where a solution consisting of drug and polymer was cast and allowed to dry. Attenuated total reflection Fourier transform infrared spectroscopy (ATR-FTIR), differential scanning calorimetry (DSC), and scanning electron microscopy (SEM) were used to investigate the pr…

Hyaluronan Graft Copolymers Bearing Fatty-Acid Residues as Self-Assembling Nanoparticles for Olanzapine Delivery

In order to evaluate the potential of a technology platform based on hyaluronan copolymers grafted with propargylated ferulate fluorophores (HA-FA-Pg) in the development of drug delivery systems, the propargyl groups of HA-FA-Pg derivatives were employed with oleic acid (OA) or stearic acid (SA) residues across a biocompatible hexa(ethylene glycol) (HEG) spacer. The designed materials (i.e., HA-FA-HEG-OA or HA-FA-HEG-SA) showed clear-cut aggregation features in an aqueous environment, as confirmed by dynamic light scattering (DLS) and transmission electron microscopy (TEM), generating nanoaggregate systems. In fact, HA-FA-HEG-OA and HA-FA-HEG-SA derivatives showed the property to create sel…

Spray-Drying, Solvent-Casting and Freeze-Drying Techniques: a Comparative Study on their Suitability for the Enhancement of Drug Dissolution Rates.

Purpose Solid dispersions (SDs) represent the most common formulation technique used to increase the dissolution rate of a drug. In this work, the three most common methods used to prepare SDs, namely spray-drying, solvent-casting and freezedrying, have been compared in order to investigate their effect on increasing drug dissolution rate. Methods Three formulation strategies were used to prepare a polymer mixture of polyvinyl-alcohol (PVA) and maltodextrin (MDX) as SDs loaded with the following three model drugs, all of which possess a poor solubility: Olanzapine, Dexamethasone, and Triamcinolone acetonide. The SDs obtained were analysed and compared in terms of drug particle size, drug-lo…

International experiences in early career academic development

Highlights on the difference in how PhD researchers in Italy and UK countries are supported to pursue the teaching side of academia

Engineering of Nanofibrous Amorphous and Crystalline Solid Dispersions for Oral Drug Delivery

Poor aqueous solubility (<0.1 mg/mL) affects a significant number of drugs currently on the market or under development. Several formulation strategies including salt formation, particle size reduction, and solid dispersion approaches have been employed with varied success. In this review, we focus primarily on the emerging trends in the generation of amorphous and micro/nano-crystalline solid dispersions using electrospinning to improve the dissolution rate and in turn the bioavailability of poorly water-soluble drugs. Electrospinning is a simple but versatile process that utilizes electrostatic forces to generate polymeric fibers and has been used for over 100 years to generate synthet…

Engineering Oral Mucosal Polymeric Patches for Treatment of Childhood-Onset Schizophrenia

Novel Drug Delivery System for Treatment-Resistant Schizophrenia

Multicomponent solid dispersion as a formulation strategy to improve drug permeation: A case study on the anti-colorectal cancer irinotecan

Abstract Multicomponent solid dispersions (MSD)s are frequently proposed as efficient drug delivery systems to improve drug solubility and bioavailability. In this study, the effects of specific excipients, such as mannitol, inulin, poly(methyl methacrylate-co-methacrylic)acid (PMMA) and cellulose acetate phthalate (CAP) have been tested to potentially improve irinotecan (IRN) permeation in the intestinal tract with the intention to protect the drug from the gastric environment. MSDs were formulated as microparticles by Spray-Drying technique. Raw materials and microparticles have been characterized by FTIR analysis to determine hydrogen bonding. SEM images were recorded to investigate morp…

3D-Printed Solid Dispersion Drug Products.

With the well-known advantages of additive manufacturing methods such as three-dimensional (3D) printing in drug delivery, it is disappointing that only one product has been successful in achieving regulatory approval in the past few years. Further research and development is required in this area to introduce more 3D printed products into the market. Our study investigates the potential of fixed dose combination solid dispersion drug products generated via 3D printing. Two model drugs&mdash