0000000000014464
AUTHOR
Nicola Otto
A Modular Access to (±)-Tubocurine and (±)-Curine - Formal Total Synthesis of Tubocurarine.
Two consecutive Cu-catalyzed Ullmann-type C–O couplings permitted the first successful entry toward the curare alkaloids (±)-tubocurine and (±)-curine. Starting from vanillin, the synthetic sequence comprises 15 linear steps and includes a total of 24 transformations. In addition, the total synthesis of tubocurine represents a formal total synthesis of the famous arrow poison alkaloid tubocurarine.
ChemInform Abstract: α-Cyanation of Aromatic Tertiary Amines Using Ferricyanide as a Non-Toxic Cyanide Source.
Aromatic tertiary amines, mostly isoquinoline derivatives and analogous N-heterocycles, are treated with the non-toxic agent (II) under conditions A) or B) to produce the desired N-aminonitrile compounds as amino acid precursors and as building blocks of complex nitrogen heterocycles.
ChemInform Abstract: Heterocycles from α-Aminonitriles
Owing to their various modes of reactivity, α-aminonitriles represent versatile building blocks for the construction of a wide range of nitrogen heterocycles. The present Concept article focuses on synthetic methodologies using their bifunctional nature which is the basis of their reactivity as α-amino carbanions and as iminium ions. Reactions exclusively taking place on either the amine or on the nitrile moiety will not be considered.
Screening of ligands for the Ullmann synthesis of electron-rich diaryl ethers
In the search for new ligands for the Ullmann diaryl ether synthesis, permitting the coupling of electron-rich aryl bromides at relatively low temperatures, 56 structurally diverse multidentate ligands were screened in a model system that uses copper iodide in acetonitrile with potassium phosphate as the base. The ligands differed largely in their performance, but no privileged structural class could be identified.
Heterocycles from α-aminonitriles.
Owing to their various modes of reactivity, α-aminonitriles represent versatile building blocks for the construction of a wide range of nitrogen heterocycles. The present Concept article focuses on synthetic methodologies using their bifunctional nature which is the basis of their reactivity as α-amino carbanions and as iminium ions. Reactions exclusively taking place on either the amine or on the nitrile moiety will not be considered.
Whole-body pharmacokinetics of HDAC inhibitor drugs, butyric acid, valproic acid and 4-phenylbutyric acid measured with carbon-11 labeled analogs by PET
The fatty acids, n-butyric acid (BA), 4-phenylbutyric acid (PBA) and valproic acid (VPA, 2-propylpentanoic acid) have been used for many years in the treatment of a variety of CNS and peripheral organ diseases including cancer. New information that these drugs alter epigenetic processes through their inhibition of histone deacetylases (HDACs) has renewed interest in their biodistribution and pharmacokinetics and the relationship of these properties to their therapeutic and side effect profiles. In order to determine the pharmacokinetics and biodistribution of these drugs in primates, we synthesized their carbon-11 labeled analogues and performed dynamic positron emission tomography (PET) in…