Du verney : un anatomiste éloquent du XVIIe siècle

But etudier la vie et l’œuvre de Joseph-Guichard du Verney, anatomiste du xvii e siecle et evaluer son influence sur la culture et les sciences de son epoque. Materiel et methodes etude biographique. Resultats Ne en 1648 d’une lignee de medecins a Feurs, dans le Forez, Joseph-Guichard du Verney fit de etudes de medecine a Avignon. Il fut recu Docteur en 1667. Rapidement, il se distingua par une eloquence hors du commun. Parvenu a Paris, il devint anatomiste a la mode. Ses lecons d’anatomie sortirent des ecoles de Medecine pour les salons mondains. Il fut charge d’enseigner l’anatomie au Dauphin. Il s’interessa a l’anatomie comparee, a la physiologie et la botanique. Il laisse un traite sur …

Rôle de l’artère auriculaire postérieure dans la vascularisation de la portion extra – crânienne du tronc du nerf facial

But de l’etude plusieurs observations de paralysies faciales ont ete rapportees lors de la cure d’oreilles proeminentes, technique impliquant le sacrifice du muscle et parfois de l’artere auriculaires posterieurs. Le but de notre etude est d’evaluer l’importance de l’artere auriculaire posterieure dans la vascularisation de la portion extra-crânienne du nerf facial. Materiel et Methodes nous avons injecte selectivement au bleu de methylene 30 arteres auriculaires posterieures sur 15 sujets frais. Le nerf facial etait aborde par voie cervicale. Puis l’artere auriculaire posterieure etait dissequee prudemment jusqu’au-dessus du pavillon de l’oreille en preservant toutes ses branches collatera…

From medical data to simple virtual mock-up of scapulo-humeral joint

The surgical operations of shoulder joint are guided by various principles: osteosynthesis in the case of fracture, osteotomy in order to correct a deformation or to modify the functioning of the joint, or implementation of articular prosthesis. At the end of the twentieth century, many innovations in the domains of biomechanics and orthopedic surgery have been performed. Nevertheless, theoretical and practical problems may appear during the operation (visual field of surgeon is very limited, quality and shape of the bone is variable depending on the patient). Biomechanical criteria of success are defined for each intervention. For example, the installation with success of prosthetic implan…

Calciphylaxie : une complication grave et méconnue de l'insuffisance rénale chronique terminale. À propos de deux cas

Calciphylaxis presents like subcutaneous lesions with livedo reticularis leading to necrotic and painful ulcers, predominantly in the lower limbs and the abdomen. They initially simulate dermohypodermitis. Biology reveals secondary hyperparathyroidism, phosphocalcic metabolism abnormalities and state of hypercoagulability. Histological signs are constant: calcifications in the media of small and sub-cutaneous arteries, intimal hyperplasia and intravascular thrombosis. This complication occurs in 4% of end-stage renal disease patients. Its prognostic is awful with a rate of mortality of 60% due to sepsis. Treatment is based upon the normalization of phosphocalcic rates and local debridement.

Analyse biomécanique du foie lors des décélérations frontales et latérales : étude expérimentale sur cadavres et simulation numérique

But ce travail, mene sur cadavres puis par simulation numerique avait pour but de caracteriser le comportement biomecanique du foie, conserve dans son environnement anatomique, soumis a une deceleration frontale, laterale gauche ou laterale droite. Materiel et methodes onze troncs, sectionnes a partir de corps, ont ete soumis sur un banc de chute libre a des vitesses de 4, 6 et 8 metres par seconde puis a une deceleration frontale ou laterale. Des accelerometres etaient places dans les deux lobes du foie, dans la veine cave retro hepatique, au contact du duodeno-pancreas, de la rate et en regard de la vertebre L2. La meme experience etait simulee virtuellement, a l’aide d’un logiciel de sim…

Processus coracoïde : étude des variabilités morphologiques en tomodensitométrie avec reconstruction 3D

Étienne Destot (1864–1918) : l’anatomie radiographique

Destot was born in Dijon, France, in 1864. He began his education in Burgundy, then he started his preclinical curriculum in Lyon, France, from 1884. He had to leave Lyon, and spent some times in Algeria to treat a tuberculosis. He came back in Lyon as a resident in 1886. Destot worked as an assistant in the laboratory of anatomy of Leo Testut in 1880. His thesis, in 1892, analyzed mortality in the departments of surgery of the Lyon hospitals. The polemical results he presented compromised his surgical career. He went on as prosector by Leo Testut, and then became electrician-physician in 1895 (electrotherapy and galvanotherapy). Etienne Destot of Lyon, France, developed in 1895 the first r…

Péri-implantite ou carcinome épidermoïde?

Summary Introduction Squamous cell carcinoma developed around dental implants has seldom been described. It simulates peri-implantitis. The authors present two cases and a literature review. Case reports A 70 year-old woman presented with an exophytic tumor developed around dental implants placed in the anterior part of the mandible. Panoramic X-rays showed major osteolysis, especially around the distal abutment implants. A 72 year-old patient, smoker, presented with chronic lichen planus; he was carrying two implants supporting an overdenture with ball-attachments, placed 15 years before. He presented with an ulcerated symphyseal tumor, bone loss around implant in position 43. The implant …

La pratique des curages ganglionnaires est-elle harmonieuse? Analyse rétrospective de 330 cas

Resume Introduction Le but de cette etude est de mettre en valeur l'extreme variabilite de la pratique des curages ganglionnaires. Materiel et methode Pour cela, une etude retrospective a ete conduite sur 330 patients ayant beneficie d'un curage cervical, axillaire ou inguinal. Dans chaque dossier etaient analyses l'affection primitive ainsi que le stade clinique, l'identite du chirurgien ayant realise le curage et de l'anatomopathologiste ayant analyse la piece operatoire, la technique operatoire (incision ou excision cutanees, limites du curage, taille de la piece d'exerese, nombre de ganglions lymphatiques emportes dans le curage). Les correlations entre diagnostic, identite du chirurgie…

Aston Medical Duocentric® Reversed Prosthesis: Proposition of New Glenoid Component Design to Prevent Scapular Neck Notching

Medialization of the center of rotation in reverse shoulder arthroplasty (RSA) results in greater excursion of the proximal humerus especially in adduction leading to a mechanical conflict against the neck of the scapula, thus creating a specific complication: scapular notching, in up to 90 % of RSA. We describe our third generation of RSA in Dijon, the Duocentric prosthesis. This prosthesis provides a new proposition to prevent the notching problem with an inferior overhang integrated to the glenoid baseplate. Such an inferior extension prevents the malpositioning of the hemisphere and resurfaces the “critical zone” preventing notching.Phenomenon while a smaller neck-shaft angle on the hum…

Contribution de l’artère auriculaire postérieure à la vascularisation du nerf facial dans l’espace préstylien : étude anatomique et conséquences chirurgicales

INTRODUCTION: The aim of our study was to establish a systematization of collateral branches originating from posterior auricular artery to facial nerve in prestylian space. MATERIALS AND METHODS: Thirty posterior auricular arteries were studied on 15 fresh cadavers after selective patent blue injection. We observed subsequent colouration of facial nerve. Number and topography of collateral branches were highlighted. RESULTS: Posterior auricular artery supplied facial nerve in 67%. Collateral branches dedicated to facial nerve could be classified into three types: type 1 corresponded to one artery in prestylian space, type 2 to several branches in prestylian space; finally type 3 featured s…

Posterior perilunate carpal dislocation associated with a multifragmentary distal radius fracture.

Summary Dorsal perilunate wrist dislocations are rare. Associated carpal bones or radial styloid process fractures can occur and be included in the current classifications. The authors report an unusual association of dorsal perilunate wrist dislocation with a multifragmentary distal radius fracture. Such traumatic entity has never been previously described. Poor functional outcome may justify the inclusion of associated complex forearm bone fractures in wrist dislocation classifications.

Lymphome B mandibulaire isolé révélé par une anesthésie du nerf alvéolaire inférieur

Resume Introduction Les lymphomes mandibulaires sont rares. Ils se manifestent le plus souvent par une tumefaction indolore. Nous rapportons un cas de lymphome mandibulaire revele par une atteinte isolee du nerf alveolaire inferieur evoluant depuis huit mois. Observation Un homme, de 41 ans, etait suivi pour des douleurs hemimandibulaires gauches. Un signe de Vincent s’est progressivement installe, sans anomalie radiologique. Apres huit mois est apparue une tumefaction dure du vestibule inferieur gauche en regard de la 34. La biopsie a etabli le diagnostic de lymphome B. L’affection etait exclusivement mandibulaire. Apres une polychimiotherapie, le patient est en remission complete depuis d…

Lipome du lobe profond de la glande parotide : à propos d'un cas rarissime

The incidence of lipoma in the parotid gland is very low, and lipomas in the deep lobe of the parotid are extremely rare and seldom considered in the differential diagnosis of deep lobe parotid gland tumours. A deep lobe parotid gland lipoma is presented and discussed.

Articulation du trapèze avec le second métacarpien : étude anatomique et intérêts cliniques

Resume Introduction Confrontes a une association inedite de luxations etagees de la colonne du pouce et d’une fracture de la base du deuxieme metacarpien, les auteurs presentent une etude cadaverique de l’articulation trapezosecond metacarpien. Materiels et methodes Trente dissections de pieces formolees (15 mains droites et 15 mains gauches) et 15 pieces fraiches (huit mains droites et sept mains gauches), soit au total 45 dissections, ont permis d’observer les liens articulaires, ligamentaires et tendineux entre le trapeze et la base du deuxieme metacarpien en se focalisant sur les structures palmaires. Resultats L’articulation entre le trapeze et le deuxieme metacarpien a ete constamment…

Traitement chirurgical des fractures du condyle mandibulaire de l'adulte en France en 2005

Summary Introduction The authors had for aim to present the latest trends in the surgical management of mandibular condylar fractures in France, in 2005. Material and methods One hundred maxillofacial surgeons were questioned on the surgical management of condylar fractures and indications. Results were presented at the 41st Congress of Stomatology and Maxillofacial surgery. Results The overall reply rate was 70%. Condylar fractures are generally managed in teaching hospitals. Open reduction and fixation was deemed appropriate in low subcondylar fractures in 76% of the cases, in 10% for diacapitular fractures. Therapeutic details and indications were a matter of huge variability. Discussion…

Étude radio-anatomique tridimensionnelle de l’artère faciale et de ses perforantes cutanées

Réponse aux commentaires sur l’extraction des dents de sagesse sous anesthésie générale : à propos de 180 patients

Open Reduction and Internal Fixation of Low Subcondylar Fractures of Mandible Through High Cervical Transmasseteric Anteroparotid Approach

Purpose The aim of the present study was to evaluate the functional and radiologic results of low subcondylar fracture fixation with modus TCP plates (Medartis, Basel, Switzerland) using a high cervical transmasseteric anteroparotid approach. Materials and Methods A prospective study was designed, enrolling all minimum-aged 15-year-old echomorphology patients presenting with displaced low subcondylar fracture with occlusion disturbances during a 41-month period. All fractures were fixed with modus TCP plates using high cervical transmasseteric anteroparotid approach. All patients underwent immediate physiotherapy and a 6-week liquid and semiliquid feeding period. Clinical and radiologic exa…

Traitement des fractures articulaires interphalangiennes proximales des doigts par distraction dynamique et rééducation précoce : résultats préliminaires d'une série prospective de 15 cas

Resume But de l'etude. – Les auteurs analysent les resultats a court et moyen terme du traitement des fractures interphalangiennes par distraction externe dynamique et reeducation precoce. Patients et methodes. – Quinze patients presentant des fractures interphalangiennes proximales ont ete traites par un distracteur confectionne par deux broches de Kirschner chantournees ; la distraction a ete appliquee soit par des elastiques d'orthopedie dentomaxillofaciale, soit par fils d'acier. La duree totale de distraction etait de 45 jours. Parallelement, la mobilisation etait debutee des le premier jour postoperatoire, les seances de kinesitherapie des le cinquieme jour. Resultats. – Treize patien…

Anatomical basis for the interposition of a gastric pouch between the ileum and the anus after total proctocolectomy.

After a total proctocolectomy, ileoanal continuity is achieved by an ileal pouch–anal anastomosis. This anastomosis is not possible when the ileum cannot reach the anus. To avoid definitive ileostomy in this circumstance, we devised a gastric pouch, taken from the left half of the vertical portion of the stomach, vascularized by the right gastroepiploic pedicle, then interposed it between the ileum and the anus. The aim of this anatomical study on seven cadavers was to estimate the capacity of this gastric pouch to reach the anus. The distance between the caudal edge of the pubic symphysis and the apex of the pouch was measured. It is accepted that an ileal pouch always reaches the anus wit…