Modulation of selenium-dependent glutathione peroxidase by perfluorodecanoic acid in rats: effect of dietary selenium.

1990

Forty-eight male Sprague-Dawley rats fed a diet containing 0.4, 0.2 or 1.0 mg of selenium (Se)/kg of diet were injected with a single dose (35 mg/kg) of perfluorodecanoic acid (PFDA) in corn oil and killed 2 wk later. Control animals were pair-fed and treated with an equal volume of vehicle. PFDA treatment significantly increased Se-dependent glutathione peroxidase (Se-GSHPx) activity in liver cytosol of rats fed the 0.04 mg of Se/kg of diet but not in rats fed the other diets. The increase in liver cytosolic Se-GSHPx activity in rats fed 0.04 mg of Se/kg of diet paralleled increases in Se content and serum Se-GSHPx activity. Determination of Se-GSHPx by an enzyme-linked immunosorbent assay…

Holographic interferometer with tunable radial and lateral displacement

1990

The hologram of a point source, together with the real point source, is used to implement a simple holographic interferometer that can be tuned in its radial and/or lateral displacements. We show that our device is easy to use for creating cosinusoidal gratings and zone plates and for optical testing.

Alloying experiments on heavy fermion compounds

1990

Abstract This paper is intended to demonstrate the usefulness of controlled alloying for the understanding of heavy-fermion physics: (1) Th-substitution for Ce in CeCu2Si2 emphasizes the dominating role of the dopant-induced strain fields in generating incoherent scattering and pair breaking, (2) replacement of Cu by Ni in Ce(Cu1-xNix)2Ge2 leads to phenomena which are interpreted as derived from a transition between local-moment and itinerant heavy-fermion magnetism, and (3) increasing Cu concentration in UCu4+xAl8-x is accompanied by an antiferromagnetic to nonmagnetic transition near xcr = 1.5 similar to what has been found before for several Ce-based systems. A heavy Fermi-liquid phase w…

Affektivität, irrationale Einstellungen und Schmerz bei Patienten mit chronischer Polyarthritis

1990

Die vorliegende Arbeit beschaftigt sich mit den Beziehungen von Schmerz zu Affekten und irrationalen Einstellungen bei Patienten mit chronischem Schmerz. Untersucht wurde eine Stichprobe von 128 Patienten mit chronischer Polyarthritis. Als Testinstrumente wurden eingesetzt der Situative Reaktionsfragebogen und der Fragebogen irrationaler Einstellungen. Schmerzerleben wurde uber eine Adjektiv- und eine visuelle Analog-Skala, Schmerzverhalten uber die 2 Skalen “Vermeidung” und “Aktivitat in Schmerzsituationen” gemessen. Als medizinische Kontrollvariablen wurden Prozesaktivitat, Morgensteifigkeit und ein Gelenkindex berucksichtigt. Hierarchische Regressionsanalysen ergaben, das Affektskalen (D…

ESR, ENDOR and TRIPLE resonance studies on radical reactions of 1,4-benzoquinone and 1,4-hydroquinone in alkaline methanol and liquid ammonia

1990

The relative signs and absolute values of the hyperfine coupling constants of different methoxy-1,4-benzoquinones were measured by ESR, ENDOR and TRIPLE resonance spectroscopy. Reactions of 1,4-benzoquinone and 1,4-hydroquinone with methanol took place in alkaline methanol, giving rise to methoxy-substituted 1,4-benzoquinones. The same substitution reaction occurred in a mixture of ammonia and methanol. The reactions depended on temperature and the alkali concentration. Coupling constants were assigned by the modified additivity relationship method. An extremely small line width of 0.014 G was measured in the ESR spectrum of deuterated 2,5-dimethoxy-1,4-benzoquinone.

Wie gut läßt sich der Wachstumstyp schätzen?

1990

The purpose of this study was to determine to what extent growth type can be predicted using different information. Correlations between estimated values and those measuring cephalometric growth indicators revealed that the growth type can be evaluated reasonably well by merely viewing the cephalogram. The viewer is guided by form which is represented by the Go2 angle according to Jarabak. Growth type can also be evaluated from a profile photography. The assessment can be improved if one uses a wooden spatula to determine the mandibular and occlusal planes.

Red Cell Filterability and Erythrocyte Membrane Microviscosity during Ticlopidine Treatment

1990

The effects of 10 days' treatment with 500 mg/day ticlopidine on the filterability of red blood cells in suspension and on the microviscosity of the red blood cell membrane was evaluated in 11 patients with vascular atherosclerosis. The results show ticlopidine to be effective in influencing the rheological measures of red cell filterability and membrane microviscosity: filterability was increased and microviscosity was decreased. Ticlopidine also decreased the extent of fluorescence polarization. These results are discussed regarding possible mechanisms of action of ticlopidine.

Translocation (11;22) in small cell osteosarcoma

1990

Thermal stability and reactivity in oxygen of potassium ferrites with spinel structure

1990

The potassium content really incorporated in the spinel lattice of the magnetite determined by thermogravimetric analysis in vacuum or in oxygen was about 2.45 wt%. In spite of this low content, the potassium strongly stabilises the defect spinel structure resulted by the potassium-substituted magnetite oxidation and increases the transformation temperature of the defect phases into α-Fe2O3 or KFe11O17.

Epidermal growth factor receptor in human breast cancer: Correlation with cytosolic and nuclear ER receptors and with biological and histological tum…

1990

Epidermal growth factor receptor (EGFr) and cytosolic (cER) and nuclear (nER) estradiol receptors were quantified in 220 primary breast cancers. The EGFr was significantly more frequent (chi 2 = 5.9; P less than 0.025) and its concentration was significantly higher (P less than 0.001) among ER- tumors than in ER+ tumors. There was a significantly greater proportion (chi 2 = 6.4; P less than 0.05) of node involvement in EGFr+/ER+ tumors than in EFGr-/ER+. Increases in the proportion of EGFr+ in ER- tumors are parallel to Scarff-Bloom scores (chi 2 = 6.1; P less than 0.05) and there is a significant trend (Spearman rs = 0.25; P less than 0.05) towards increased EGFr concentrations with histol…

An ultrastructural study on retinal neural and pigment epithelial cells in ovine neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis.

1990

Ovine neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis represents another well studied model for human neuronal ceroid-lipofuscinosis (NCL). Accumulation of abnormal lipopigments in various retinal neurons, and loss of photoreceptors are similar to the lesions in human juvenile NCL and indicate that the sheep is a suitable model in which to study the pathogenesis of both NCL lipopigment formation and retinopathia pigmentosa. However, this latter process is not as advanced in NCL-diseased sheep as in human patients but far more obvious than in canine NCL in which retinopathy cannot be unequivocally documented. Ovine NCL shares with canine NCL peculiar lamellar inclusions in retinal pigment epithelial cells wh…

Cerebral and spinal MR-findings in patients with postrepair myelomeningocele

1990

In 114 patients with postrepair myelomeningocele MRI of the spine was performed. Tethered cord (89%) and associated malformations (syrinx, lipoma etc.) (33%) were the most important findings. Additional MRI scans of the head (44 patients) revealed numerous further anomalies. Arnold Chiari malformation was found in 76% of the patients (ACM I: 32%, ACM II: 44%). In the ACM II group compression of lower cranial nerves, brain stem, and cerebellum can lead to considerable neurologic symptoms. Therefore in patients with progressive neurologic dysfunction a complete investigation of the whole spine and brain is necessary. MRI proves to be the diagnostic procedure of choice in patients with dysraph…

A Wind Tunnel and Theoretical Study of the Melting Behavior of Atmospheric Ice Particles. IV: Experiment and Theory for Snow Flakes

1990

Abstract An experiment in the Mainz vertical Cloud Tunnel is described in which natural and laboratory-made aggregates of snow crystals (snow flakes) were melted under free fall conditions in the vertical air stream of the tunnel, which was allowed to warm up at the rates experienced by falling snow flakes in the atmosphere. The variation of the fall mode, the fall velocity, and the percentage of ice melted, as a function of percentage of distance travelled for 99% melting was recorded by cinematography. The laboratory results were confirmed by the results of a theoretical heat transfer model which we developed for the melting of a snow flake. In this model a snow flake was idealized by an …

On Justifying Legal Paternalism

1990

. Paternalism, understood as coercive intervention with the behavior of a person in order to prevent her from causing harm to herself, is a highly controversial issue, because it implies a departure from the widely recognized principle of harm to others. Some conceptual differences between legal paternalism and other forms of state coercion that also depart from the principle of harm to others will be indicated. This is followed by an analysis of the arguments that are usually brought forth against legal paternalism. And finally, the possibility of determining ethically justifiable types of legal paternalism is explored.

A heavy-ion identification system for the detection of rare events

1990

Abstract A large area detection system is described which consists of twelve low-pressure multi-wire proportional counters and is used in the search for exotic super-massive nuclei. The experiments are based on Rutherford backscattering of heavy ions, preferably 208Pb or 238U, from various target samples. The measured parameters of a detected particle are its time-of-flight, scattering angle, and specific ionization. From this information the mass of the target nucleus can be inferred. The present experimental sensitivity for the detection of exotic nuclei with at least twice the mass of the projectile is about 10−12 relative to the number of nucleons.

Lack of autoreceptor mediated regulation of the spontaneous dopamine turnover in the isolated neurointermediate lobe of the rat pituitary gland in vi…

1990

Isolated neurointermediate lobes of the rat pituitary gland were incubated in Krebs-HEPES solution and the spontaneous outflow of endogenous dopamine and its metabolites (DOPAC, HVA and MOPET) was determined by HPLC with electrochemical detection. The spontaneous outflow of dopamine metabolites (about 1500 fmol/10 min) largely exceeded that of dopamine (about 60 fmol/10 min). Apomorphine concentration-dependently (IC50, 205 nmol/l) reduced the spontaneous outflow of the dopamine metabolites. The effect of apomorphine developed slowly and was progressive over an observation period of 70 min. After 1 h of exposure to a maximall effective concentration of apomorphine (10 mumol/l), the outflow …

Detection of dissection of the aortic intima and media after angioplasty of coarctation of the aorta. An angiographic, computer tomographic, and echo…

1990

Balloon coarctation angioplasty (BCA) was performed in eight patients (five male and three female) who were 14-49 years old (mean, 27.3 years) with isolated discrete unoperated coarctation of the aorta (n = 7) and postoperative recoarctation (n = 1). BCA was successful in seven of eight patients, resulting in a decrease in the gradient (64 +/- 19 to 16 +/- 13 mm Hg, p less than 0.01), an increase in the diameter at the coarctation site (0.9 +/- 0.4 to 1.6 +/- 0.4 mm, p less than 0.01). Follow-up (6 months) has demonstrated continued gradient relief (6 +/- 9 mm Hg) and diameter increase (1.6 +/- 0.2 cm). Monitoring was performed by transesophageal echocardiography (TEE) during BCA, and befor…

The cancellation property for direct products of analytic space germs

1990

Thermodynamic properties of N-octyl- and N-dodecylnicotinamide chlorides in water

1990

Densities, heat capacities and enthalpies of dilution at 25°C and osmotic coefficients at 37°C were measured for N-octyl- and N-dodecylnicotinamide chlorides in water over an extended concentration region. Partial molar volumes, heat capacities, relative enthalpies and nonideal free energies and entropies at 25°C were derived as a function of the surfactant concentration. For both surfactants, plots of volumes, enthalpies and free energies vs. concentration are regular whereas those of heat capacities and entropies present anomalies at about 0.8 and 0.1m for the octyl and dodecyl compounds, respectively. Changes in the slope of a plot of osmotic coefficients times molality vs. molality were…

Monte Carlo study of surface phase transitions in the three-dimensional Ising model.

1990

We present the results of extensive Monte Carlo simulations of phase transitions and critical behavior at the surface of a simple cubic Ising model. Profiles of the magnetization and internal energy are determined as a function of the distance from the surface, and we extract surface and bulk properties as a function of temperature and surface coupling ${\mathit{J}}_{\mathit{s}}$. The surface-bulk multicritical point is located with improved precision, ${\mathit{J}}_{\mathit{s}}$/J=1.52\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.02, and crossover behavior is studied. New estimates for critical exponents are extracted, ${\ensuremath{\gamma}}_{1}$=0.78\ifmmode\pm\else\textpm\fi{}0.06, ${\ensuremath{\gamma}…

Critical behavior of the surface-layer magnetization at the extraordinary transition in the three-dimensional Ising model.

1990

We have used a vectorized multispin-coding Monte Carlo method to determine the behavior of the surface-layer magnetization ${\mathit{m}}_{1}$ at the bulk transition in a simple-cubic Ising film with strongly enhanced surface coupling, i.e., at the extraordinary transition. In contrast to recent renormalization-group calculations we find no evidence for a discontinuous slope in the temperature dependence of ${\mathit{m}}_{1}$; the data are consistent with a free-energy-like (T-${\mathit{T}}_{\mathit{c}}$${)}^{2\mathrm{\ensuremath{-}}\mathrm{\ensuremath{\alpha}}}$ behavior plus background terms.

Zentralnervöse Appetitregulation: Mechanismen und Bedeutung für die Entstehung der Adipositas

1990

This review focuses on neurotransmitter and neuropeptide actions on food ingestion, as well as on some of the mechanisms that may lead to the development and maintenance of obesity. In particular, the role of hypothalamic amines (catecholamines, serotonin) in appetite control is described. Thus, hypothalamic noradrenaline appears to stimulate food intake, while an enhanced brain serotonergic neurotransmission leads to a suppression of food ingestion, preferentially of carbohydrate intake. The involvement of brain serotonin neurons in appetite control is most attractive, since serotonin synthesis and release is readily affected by either precursor loading (i.e., 1-tryptophan) or pharmacologi…

New features in systematics of low-spin states in even106?120Cd

1990

Low- spin states in even106–112Cd and116Cd were investigated by in-beam and off-beam γ-ray and conversion electron spectroscopy. New spin assignments and decay branching ratios for the levels in106Cd,108Cd and110Cd were obtained. From the new systematical data for the even106–120Cd, it is inferred that two sets of low-lying 0+ states cross between114Cd and116Cd. One of these sets appears to have features of both intruder and two-quadrupole-phonon states.

A versatile model of steady state O2 supply to tissue. Application to skeletal muscle

1990

A model of combined convective and diffusive O2 transport to tissue is suggested which allows for the calculation of PO2 distributions in a cuboid tissue region with arbitrary microvascular geometries and blood flows. Carrier-facilitated O2 diffusion in the erythrocytes and in the tissue and red blood cell reaction kinetics are considered. The model is based on analytical descriptions of the PO2 fields of single erythrocytes surrounded by carrier-free layers in an infinite three-dimensional space containing an O2 carrier such as myoglobin. These PO2 fields are overlaid to obtain a solution of the differential equation of diffusion in respiring tissue. The model has been applied to a situati…

Lipolysis in isolated epididymal adipocytes from genetically obese Zucker rat treated with 3,5,3'-L-triiodothyronine.

1990

Abstract. Glycerol released by isolated epididymal adipocytes was measured in 6-8 weeks old genetically obese (fa/fa) and lean (C.c.a/-) male Zucker rats, ip treated or not treated with T3 (0.46, 2.3 and 4.6 nmol/100 g in a single injection or 4.6 nmol · (100 g)−1 · day−1 for 5 days). In the non-treated rats, lipolysis was less stimulated by adrenalin or isoproterenol in obese than in lean rats, whereas it was stimulated by theophylline up to the same level in both kinds of rats. A single injection of the T3 (highest dose) increased isoproterenol-induced lipolysis in the lean but not in the obese rats. The 5-day T3 treatment caused a stimulation of the adrenalin- or isoproterenol-induced li…

Analysis of risk factors for restenosis after PTCA

1990

To identify risk factors for restenosis, we evaluated data in 473 patients with single-vessel percutaneous transluminal coronary angioplasty (PTCA) and control angiography after 6 months. Restenosis, defined as (1) loss greater than 50% of the initial gain, and (2) stenosis greater than 50% was found in 138 patients (29.2%). Univariate analysis revealed eight factors related to restenosis: (1) duration of symptoms less than 1 month (P = 0.005), (2) unstable angina (P = 0.004), (3) high-grade stenosis before PTCA (P = 0.014), (4) large residual stenosis after PTCA (P = 0.001), (5) insufficient improvement of stenosis (P = 0.042), (6) prolonged single inflation time (P = 0.017), (7) prolonged…

A time course investigation of vitamin A level and lipid composition of the liver endoplasmic reticulum in rats following treatment with congeneric p…

1990

Abstract The drug metabolizing enzyme activities, the vitamin A content and the fatty acid composition in the endoplasmic reticulum membrane were studied in rat liver after a single injection of the polychlorobiphenyls (PCBs) 3,3′,4,4′-tetrachlorobiphenyl [(3,4)2Cl] or 2,2′,4,4′,5,5′-hexachlorobiphenyl [(2,4,5)2Cl], 300 μ mol/kg each. The microsomal vitamin A level was markedly lowered 3 days after treatment with (3,4)2Cl, a coplanar type inducer of cytochrome P-450. A marked increase in microsomal AHH and UDPGT activities occurred within 3 days after injection of (3,4)2Cl whereas (2,4,5,)2Cl treatment enhanced APDM activity only. Arachidonic, stearic and linoleic acid microsomal contents w…

Correlation spectroscopy in molten and supercooled antimony trichloride.

1990

Correlation spectroscopy measurements performed on molten and supercooled antimony trichloride with the homodyne technique show correlation functions that have a nonexponential behavior. Two well-defined distributions of correlation times can be observed in different temporal regions. This behavior is discussed in terms of a structural relaxation of clusters dynamically formed by intermolecular and interchain bonds. The Arrhenius plot of these correlation times shows a linear behavior with the same activation energy for both. In contrast, the activation energy of shear viscosity has a different value, showing that the processes determining the temperature behavior of \ensuremath{\tau} and $…

Spectral Moments and Pre-Envelope Covariances of Nonseparable Processes

1990

A critical review of the definition of the spectral moments of a stochastic process in the nonstationary case is presented. An adequate time-domain representation of the spectral moments in the stationary case is first established, showing that the spectral moments are related to the variances of the stationary analytical pre-envelope processes. The extension to the nonstationary case is made in the time domain evaluating the covariances of the nonstationary pre-envelope showing the differences between the proposed definition and the classical one made introducing the evolutionary power.

A New Type of Double Calix[4]arenes by Linkage via the Phenolic Hydroxy Groups

1990

The electromagnetic group: Bosonic BRST charge

1990

Abstract We give an infinite-dimensional Lie group from which a group approach to quantization (GAQ) derives a Gupta-Bleuler-like quantization for the electromagnetic field. The incorporation into the group law of the gauge transformation properties of Aμ(x), Aμ(x) → Aμ(x) + ∂μφ, requires a non-conventional generator which is related to the BRST charge.

Difusión internacional de los trabajos publicados en revistas biomédicas españolas. Un estudio cuantitativo del período 1980-1986

1990

Se investiga la proporción de trabajoa publicados en revistas biomédicas españolas y difundidos a través de MEDLARS, EMBASE, BIOSIS y SCISEARCH entre 1980 y 1986. Los resultados, se expresan mediante un indice de difusión {ID) aplicado a revistas y áreas temáticas. Sólo la quinta parte de loa trabajos publicados entre 1980 y 1986 por revistas biomédicas españolas se ha difundido internacionalmente (ID = 0.19). Además, el ID ha descendido desde 1980 (ID = 0.23) a 1986 (ID = 0.18). Sólo 4 publicaciones cuentan con un ID > 0.70 y otras cuatro con ID > 0.60 a lo largo del periodo. En diez casos el Indice de difusión fue nulo, a pesar de que las revistas correspondientes aparecían incluida…

Singing rate and female attraction in the pied flycatcher: an experiment

1990

«Attirer les femelles» est une des principales fonctions du chant des oiseaux. Beaucoup d'etudes ont mis en evidence l'effet de variations du repertoire sonore sur le succes d'accouplement mais peu d'entre elles sont consacrees a l'intensite du chant. Dans une telle optique, cette etude examine les effets de manipulations experimentales de chants sur la selection du partenaire par les femelles

Properties of the 13/2+ isomeric decay in201Hg

1990

The isomeric decay of theT1/2=94 us isomeric state in201Hg was studied in beam via the reaction198Pt(α, n). Gamma-ray and conversion-electron spectra were recorded. From the conversion coefficients, the multipolarities of the two depopulating transitions were determined to beM 2 + 10%E 3 andE 2, respectively. These assignments give the depopulating transitions to be 13/2+ → 9/2− and 9/2− → 5/2−, and these thus substantiate the previous suggestion that the isomeric state hasJπ=13/2+. For the 13/2+ → 9/2−M 2 transition a detailed study ofE 3 andM 4 admixed amplitudes was done. The microscopic properties of the 13/2+ and 9/2− states are discussed, and a comparison to the corresponding ones in1…

Vibrational dephasing of νs (OH) in 2,4-dichlorophenol

1990

Abstract A quantitative analysis of the infrared bandshape of ν s (OH) in intramolecularly hydrogen-bonded 2,4-dichlorophenol in a series of solvents is presented. A distinct dependence of bandshape indices and relaxation parameters on the polarity of solvent has been found. The band shifts to lower wavenumbers, broadens and becomes more intense with increasing solvent polarity; correspondingly, the correlation function decays faster and the correlation time diminishes. The results are compared with those for previously studied systems. Factors influencing the bandshape are discussed.

Role of geometry and anisotropic diffusion for modelling PO2 profiles in working red muscle

1990

A 3-dimensional analytical model of O2 diffusion in heavily working muscle is proposed which considers anisotropic, myoglobin (Mb)-facilitated O2 diffusion inside the muscle fiber and a carrier-free layer separating erythrocytes and fiber. The model is used to study the effects of some commonly applied simplifying assumptions (reduced dimensionality, neglected anisotropy) on the resulting PO2 distributions: (1) In order not to underestimate PO2 drops near erythrocytes, modelling O2 transport in 3 dimensions is important. (2) For a capillary-to-fiber ratio of 1, the results from the 2-dimensional version of the present model and from a Krogh-type model which incorporates a carrier-free layer…