Search results for " nucleic acid"

showing 10 items of 272 documents

Voltage gradient electrophoresis of nucleic acids on agarose gels.

1993

A very simple method is described which allows the separation of DNA molecules in a wide molecular weight range (from 0.6 to about 30 kb) in the same electrophoresis agarose gel. This is based on the achievement of a voltage gradient through a simple device consisting of a Plexiglas plate placed slantwise with respect to the gel surface plane, submerged in the electrophoretic running buffer. Further applications of our system are also described.

Gel electrophoresisElectrophoresis Agar GelChromatographyGel electrophoresis of nucleic acidsChemistryBiophysicsCell BiologyDNABiochemistryBuffer (optical fiber)Molecular WeightElectrophoresischemistry.chemical_compoundEvaluation Studies as TopicAgarose gel electrophoresisPulsed-field gel electrophoresisNucleic acidAgaroseMolecular BiologyPlasmidsAnalytical biochemistry
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Enhanced hybridization labeling signals in Southern blotted DNAs fractionated with voltage gradient gel electrophoresis.

1998

An enhancement of hybridization labeling signals is demonstrated in Southern blotted DNAs, fractionated by voltage gradient gel electrophoresis. This enhancement is due to a reduced thickness of each single nucleic acid band in the gel as a consequence of the gradient effect, corresponding to an increased concentration of DNA per unit area.

Gel electrophoresisElectrophoresis Agar GelChromatographyGel electrophoresis of nucleic acidsClinical BiochemistryVoltage gradientMembrane ProteinsNucleic Acid HybridizationDNAChemical FractionationBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundBlotting SouthernchemistryMolecular-weight size markerSea UrchinsNucleic acidPulsed-field gel electrophoresisElectrochemistryAnimalsDNASouthern blotElectrophoresis
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Use of voltage gradient gel electrophoresis in apoptotic DNA analysis

2000

In this paper the use of voltage gradient gel electrophoresis (VGGE) in the electrophoretic analysis of apoptotic DNAs is described. The peculiarity of VGGE fractionation in enhancing DNA bands in the gel by reducing their thickness was used to obtain a rapid, more selective and higher-quality electrophoretic fractionation of apoptotic DNA with respect to conventional electrophoresis. The use of VGGE fractionations also allowed a reduced amount of DNA to be used to detect a characteristic apoptotic DNA ladder pattern, in a lower agarose gel concentration, with respect to conventional electrophoretic fractionation

Gel electrophoresisInsectaChromatographyGel electrophoresis of nucleic acidsChemistryOrganic ChemistryApoptosisDNAGeneral MedicineFractionationBiochemistryAnalytical ChemistryElectrophoresischemistry.chemical_compoundElectricityMolecular-weight size markerPulsed-field gel electrophoresisAnimalsAgaroseElectrophoresis Polyacrylamide GelDNAJournal of Chromatography A
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Multiple voltage‐gradient gel electrophoresis system

2001

A new device, based on the principle of voltage-gradient gel electrophoresis, was developed in order to enhance differentiation of the distance across the range of molecular masses in the electrophoretic fractionation of nucleic acids in an agarose matrix. The apparatus has a series of modular parallel plates, placed slantwise to allow reiteration of the voltage gradient effect along the gel. This subjects DNA fragments of variable length to differential runnings according to their original position in the gel. Both the number of slantwise plates and the distance between them can be changed to modify operating performance. Our system allows better fractionations as compared to conventional …

Gel electrophoresisTwo-dimensional gel electrophoresisGel electrophoresis of nucleic acidsDifference gel electrophoresisClinical BiochemistryAnalytical chemistryBiochemistryAnalytical Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundchemistryElectrochromatographyMolecular-weight size markerPulsed-field gel electrophoresisAgaroseELECTROPHORESIS
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Amplification, contraction and genomic spread of a satellite DNA family (E180) in Medicago (Fabaceae) and allied genera

2011

†Background and Aims Satellite DNA is a genomic component present in virtually all eukaryotic organisms. The turnover of highly repetitive satellite DNA is an important element in genome organization and evolution in plants. Here we assess the presence and physical distribution of the repetitive DNA E180 family in Medicago and allied genera. Our goals were to gain insight into the karyotype evolution of Medicago using satellite DNA markers, and to evaluate the taxonomic and phylogenetic signal of a satellite DNA family in a genus hypothesized to have a complex evolutionary history. †Methods Seventy accessions from Medicago, Trigonella, Melilotus and Trifolium were analysed by PCR to assess …

Gene FlowGenetic MarkersTrigonellaDNA PlantSatellite DNAMolecular Sequence Datasatellite DNAPlant ScienceDNA SatelliteEvolution MolecularSpecies SpecificityFISHPhylogeneticsMedicagoPhylogenyGenomic organizationRepetitive Sequences Nucleic AcidGeneticsMedicagoMelilotusbiologyPhylogenetic treefood and beveragesNucleic acid amplification techniqueOriginal Articlesbiology.organism_classificationrepetitive E180 familyTrigonellaGenetic markerTrifoliumNucleic Acid Amplification Techniques
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Claudin-18 gene structure, regulation, and expression is evolutionary conserved in mammals

2011

Claudin-18 isoform 2 (CLDN18.2) is one of the few members of the human claudin family of tight junction molecules with strict restriction to one cell lineage. The objective of the current study was to compare molecular structure and tissue distribution of this gastrocyte specific molecule in mammals. We show here that the CLDN18.2 protein sequence is highly conserved, in particular with regard to functionally relevant domains in mouse, rat, rabbit, dog, monkey and human and also in lizards. Moreover, promoter regions of orthologs are highly homologous, including the binding site of the transcription factor cyclic AMP-responsive element binding protein (CREB), which is known to regulate acti…

Gene isoformmiceMolecular Sequence DataGene Expressionmolecular structureMammals/geneticsBiologyphylogenyRATSConserved sequenceEvolution MolecularDogsProtein Isoforms/geneticsSequence Homology Nucleic AcidGene expressionGeneticsProtein IsoformsAnimalsTissue DistributionAmino Acid SequenceMembrane Proteins/geneticsBinding sitePromoter Regions GeneticClaudinGeneTranscription factorConserved SequenceGastric Mucosa/metabolismMammalsRegulation of gene expressionGeneticsBinding SitesBase SequenceStomachStomach/cytologyMembrane ProteinsCREB-Binding Protein/metabolismHaplorhiniGeneral MedicineCREB-Binding ProteinGene Expression RegulationGastric MucosaOrgan SpecificityMultigene FamilyClaudinsRabbitsGene
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Sequences of isopenicillin N synthetase genes suggest horizontal gene transfer from prokaryotes to eukaryotes

1990

Evolutionary distances between bacterial and fungal isopenicillin N synthetase (IPNS) genes have been compared to distances between the corresponding 5S rRNA genes. The presence of sequences homologous to the IPNS gene has been examined in DNAs from representative prokaryotic organisms and Ascomycotina. The results of both analyses strongly support two different events of horizontal transfer of the IPNS gene from bacteria to filamentous fungi. This is the first example of such a type of transfer from prokaryotes to eukaryotes.

Genes FungalMolecular Sequence DataPenicillium chrysogenumBiologyTransfectionAspergillus nidulansGeneral Biochemistry Genetics and Molecular Biology5S ribosomal RNASequence Homology Nucleic AcidGeneGeneral Environmental ScienceGeneticsBase SequenceGeneral Immunology and MicrobiologyGenetic transferNucleic acid sequenceGeneral MedicineTransfectionbiology.organism_classificationBiological EvolutionStreptomycesAcremoniumGenes BacterialHorizontal gene transferNucleic acidOxidoreductasesGeneral Agricultural and Biological SciencesBacteriaProceedings of the Royal Society of London. Series B: Biological Sciences
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Genome organization and nucleotide sequence of human papillomavirus type 39

1991

The 7833-bp nucleotide sequence of human papillomavirus type 39 (HPV39), which is associated with genital intraepithelial neoplasias and invasive carcinomas, has been determined. The genome organization deduced from the sequence shares characteristic features with other genital papillomaviruses. According to sequence comparisons, HPV39 most closely resembles HPV18 and may be a member of a subgroup of genital papillomaviruses distinct from the HPV16/31/33 group. As a novel feature, we report a 1.3-kb open reading frame on the DNA strand which lacks major open reading frames in the other sequenced HPV genomes.

Genes ViralvirusesMolecular Sequence DataBiologyGenomeHomology (biology)VirusOpen Reading FramesViral ProteinsPapovaviridaechemistry.chemical_compoundSequence Homology Nucleic AcidVirologyHumansCodonPapillomaviridaeGenomic organizationGeneticsBase SequenceNucleic acid sequencevirus diseasesOpen reading framechemistryDNA ViralRNA ViralDNAVirology
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Tetrasomy 18p de novo: Identification by FISH with conventional and microdissection probes and analysis of parental origin and formation by short seq…

1996

We report a de novo supernumerary isochromosome 18p in a child with tetrasomy 18p, analyzed by a straightforward combination of cytogenetic and molecular cytogenetic methods. The diagnostic procedure consisted of standard banding techniques and fluorescence in situ hybridization (FISH) with centromere and library DNA probes for chromosome 18, and 18p-specific FISH probes prepared by chromosome microdissection and in vitro amplification. The maternal origin as well as the most probable cell stages of formation of the supernumerary isochromosome were determined by typing of short sequence repeats (SSRs). The pattern of allelic distribution suggests a nondisjunction during meiosis followed by …

Genetic MarkersMalemedicine.medical_specialtyMarker chromosomeCentromereIsochromosomeMothersBiologyFathersTetrasomy 18pChromosome 18GeneticsmedicineHumansAllelesIn Situ Hybridization FluorescenceGenetics (clinical)Repetitive Sequences Nucleic AcidGeneticsmedicine.diagnostic_testCytogeneticsChromosome MappingInfantAneuploidymedicine.diseaseChromosome microdissectionMolecular biologyChild PreschoolTetrasomyFemaleChromosomes Human Pair 18DNA ProbesFluorescence in situ hybridizationHuman Genetics
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The colonization history of Olea europaea L. in Macaronesia based on internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) sequences, randomly amplified polymorphic …

2000

Phylogenetic relationships in the Olea europaea complex and the phylogeography of 24 populations of the Macaronesian olive (O. europaea ssp. cerasiformis) were assessed by using three molecular markers: nuclear ribosomal internal transcribed spacer 1 (ITS-1) sequences, randomly amplified polymorphic DNAs (RAPD), and intersimple sequence repeats (ISSR). Parsimony analysis of the ITS-1 sequences and Neighbour-joining (NJ) analyses of RAPD and ISSR banding variation revealed four major lineages in the O. europaea complex: (1) ssp. cuspidata; (2) ssp. cerasiformis from Madeira; (3) ssp. laperrinei; and (4) ssp. cerasiformis from the Canary Islands plus ssp. europaea. These results provide unequ…

Genetic MarkersPortugalbiologyPhylogenetic treeGenetic VariationSequence Analysis DNAbiology.organism_classificationDNA RibosomalRandom Amplified Polymorphic DNA TechniqueTreesRAPDEvolution MolecularPlant LeavesPhylogeographyOleaPhylogeneticsBotanyGeneticsBiological dispersalInternal transcribed spacerRibosomal DNAPhylogenyEcology Evolution Behavior and SystematicsRepetitive Sequences Nucleic AcidMolecular Ecology
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