Search results for "Chronic Kidney disease"
showing 10 items of 119 documents
Epidemiology and pathophysiology of left ventricular abnormalities in chronic kidney disease: a review.
2010
Introduction Cardiovascular diseases are highly prevalent in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), and represent the major hazard for mortality in this population. Anomalies of left ventricular (LV) structure and function are very frequent too among CKD patients, and show a negative impact on cardiovascular prognosis. Methods We searched PubMed for manuscripts regarding left ventricular hypertrophy (LVH) in CKD. Definition of LVH was different according to different studies. Results In patients with end-stage renal disease, the prevalence of LVH is higher than 70%. Studies in patients with less advanced CKD have reported increasing prevalence of LVH along with declining renal function…
The Renal Dangers of an Increased Cardio-Ankle Vascular Index
2020
Although a number of longitudinal investigations assessed the ability of aortic PWV to predict the development of kidney disfunction or progression of renal disease, little is known about the association of CAVI with the risk of renal function deterioration. In the current issue of the American Journal of Hypertension is published a paper of Itano S et al, that add a new piece of evidence in this scenario. The authors analyzed data from the national health check-up system in Japan, including 24.297 participants with normal baseline kidney function. They found that those with CAVI measurements ≥8.1 had a higher risk for CKD events compared to their counterparts with CAVI measurements <8.1…
SARS-CoV-2 vs. Hepatitis Virus Infection Risk in the Hemodialysis Population: What Should We Expect?
2021
Since the dramatic rise of the coronavirus infection disease 2019 (COVID-19) pandemic, patients receiving dialysis have emerged as especially susceptible to this infection because of their impaired immunologic state, chronic inflammation and the high incidence of comorbidities. Although several strategies have thus been implemented to minimize the risk of transmission and acquisition in this population worldwide, the reported severe acute respiratory syndrome coronavirus 2 (SARS-CoV-2) seroprevalence varies across studies but is higher than in the general population. On the contrary, the screening for hepatitis viruses (HBV and HCV) has seen significant improvements in recent years, with va…
Effects of canagliflozin on serum potassium in people with diabetes and chronic kidney disease: the CREDENCE trial
2021
Abstract Aims Hyperkalaemia is a common complication of type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) and limits the optimal use of agents that block the renin–angiotensin–aldosterone system, particularly in patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD). In patients with CKD, sodium‒glucose cotransporter 2 (SGLT2) inhibitors provide cardiorenal protection, but whether they affect the risk of hyperkalaemia remains uncertain. Methods and results The CREDENCE trial randomized 4401 participants with T2DM and CKD to the SGLT2 inhibitor canagliflozin or matching placebo. In this post hoc analysis using an intention-to-treat approach, we assessed the effect of canagliflozin on a composite outcome of time to eith…
Heart failure and chronic kidney disease in a registry of internal medicine wards
2014
Background: The aim of the present study was to evaluate the association between heart failure (HF) and chronic kidney disease (CKD) in tertiary care centers using the clinical records of patients enrolled in internal medicine departments.Patients and methods: We used the clinical records of 1380 elderly patients to identify patients with a history of HF and CKD using admission ICD codes and glomerular filtration rate (GFR) formulas. Magnitude and strength of such associations were investigated by univariable and multivariable analysis.Results: Of the 1380 patients enrolled, 27.9% had HF (age 80 ± 7, BMI 27 ± 6 kg/m2) and 17.4% CKD (age 81 ± 7, BMI 26.8 ± 6 kg/m2). Both groups were signific…
Chronic kidney disease and dialysis therapy: incidence and prevalence in the world
2021
Сhronic kidney disease (CKD) is the important public and medical problem in the world because of a large burden on health care systems. The prevalence of CKD and number of dialysis patients are increasing in the world. The prevalence and incidence of CKD depends on age, race, and gender of patients, region, and the presence of the CKD registry in a country. Diabetes mellitus (DM) and arterial hypertension (AH) are the most common causes of end stage renal disease (ESRD). It is projected that the number of dialysis patients will reach 5.5 million in 2030. Specific strategies and interventions should be urgently aimed at reducing in the burden of CKD by means of the prevention, detection and …
New loci associated with kidney function and chronic kidney disease
2010
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a significant public health problem, and recent genetic studies have identified common CKD susceptibility variants. The CKDGen consortium performed a meta-analysis of genome-wide association data in 67,093 individuals of European ancestry from 20 predominantly population-based studies in order to identify new susceptibility loci for reduced renal function as estimated by serum creatinine (eGFRcrea), serum cystatin c (eGFRcys) and CKD (eGFRcrea 60 ml/min/1.73 m 2; n = 5,807 individuals with CKD (cases)). Follow-up of the 23 new genome-wide-significant loci (P 5 × 10 8) in 22,982 replication samples identified 13 new loci affecting renal function and CKD (in or…
Lipoprotein abnormalities in chronic kidney disease and renal transplantation
2021
Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is one of the most important risk factors for cardiovascular disease (CVD). Despite the kidney having no direct implications for lipoproteins metabolism, advanced CKD dyslipidemia is usually present in patients with CKD, and the frequent lipid and lipoprotein alterations occurring in these patients play a role of primary importance in the development of CVD. Although hypertriglyceridemia is the main disorder, a number of lipoprotein abnormalities occur in these patients. Different enzymes pathways and proteins involved in lipoprotein metabolism are impaired in CKD. In addition, treatment of uremia may modify the expression of lipoprotein pattern as well as deter…
GLP-1 Receptor agonists and diabetic kidney disease: A call of attention to nephrologists
2020
Type 2 diabetes mellitus (T2DM) represents the main cause of chronic kidney disease (CKD) and end-stage renal disease (ESKD), and diabetic kidney disease (DKD) is a major cause of morbidity and mortality in diabetes. Despite advances in the nephroprotective treatment of T2DM, DKD remains the most common complication, driving the need for renal replacement therapies (RRT) worldwide, and its incidence is increasing. Until recently, prevention of DKD progression was based around strict blood pressure (BP) control, using renin–angiotensin system blockers that simultaneously reduce BP and proteinuria, adequate glycemic control and control of cardiovascular risk factors. Glucagon-like peptide-1 r…
Cardiorenal Fat: A Cardiovascular Risk Factor With Implications in Chronic Kidney Disease.
2021
There is a growing interest in the potential role of adipose tissues in cardiac and renal pathophysiology, and determining the mechanisms by which fat compartments around the heart and kidneys influence cardiovascular disease is of clinical importance in both general and high-risk populations. Epicardial fat and perirenal fat have been associated with adverse outcomes in chronic kidney disease (CKD) patients. Epicardial fat is a rich source of free fatty acids and is capable of secreting inflammatory and pro-atherogenic cytokines that promote atherosclerosis through a local paracrine effect. Recent evidence has demonstrated that perirenal fat has a closer correlation with kidney diseases th…