Search results for "saponin"
showing 10 items of 132 documents
Reciprocal regulation of endothelial nitric-oxide synthase and NADPH oxidase by betulinic acid in human endothelial cells.
2007
Nitric oxide (NO) produced by endothelial NO synthase (eNOS) is a protective principle in the vasculature. Many cardiovascular diseases are associated with reduced NO bioactivity and eNOS uncoupling due to oxidative stress. Compounds that reverse eNOS uncoupling and increase eNOS expression are of therapeutic interest. Zizyphi Spinosi semen (ZSS) is one of the most widely used traditional Chinese herbs with protective effects on the cardiovascular system. In human umbilical vein endothelial cells (HUVEC) and HUVEC-derived EA.hy 926 cells, an extract of ZSS increased eNOS promoter activity, eNOS mRNA and protein expression, and NO production in a concentration- and time-dependent manner. Maj…
Saponins from the Roots of Nylandtia spinosa
2007
From the roots of Nylandtia spinosa, four new triterpene saponins, 3- O-beta- d-glucopyranosylpresenegenin 28- O-beta- d-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[alpha- l-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta- d-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[beta- d-apiofuranosyl-(1-->3)]-alpha- l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta- d-fucopyranosyl ester ( 1), 3- O-beta- d-glucopyranosylpresenegenin 28- O-beta- d-galactopyranosyl-(1-->4)-[alpha- l-arabinopyranosyl-(1-->3)]-beta- d-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha- l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-beta- d-fucopyranosyl ester ( 2), 3- O-beta- d-glucopyranosylpresenegenin 28- O-beta- d-apiofuranosyl-(1-->4)-[beta- d-galactopyranosyl-(1-->2)]-beta- d-xylopyranosyl-(1-->4)-alpha- l-rhamnopyranosyl-(1-->2)-be…
Steroidal saponins from Dioscorea preussii.
2014
Abstract Three new steroidal saponins, named diospreussinosides A–C (1–3), along with two known ones (4, 5) were isolated from rhizomes of Dioscorea preussii. Their structures were elucidated mainly by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic analysis and mass spectrometry as (25S)-17α,25-dihydroxyspirost-5-en-3β-yl-O-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-β- d -glucopyranoside (1), (25S)-17α,25-dihydroxyspirost-5-en-3β-yl-O-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 2)]-β- d -glucopyranoside (2), and (24S,25R)-17α,24,25-trihydroxyspirost-5-en-3β-yl-O-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → 4)-[α- l -rhamnopyranosyl-(1 → …
A review of the pharmacology and toxicology ofAstragalus
1997
Some Astragalus species are used as forage for livestock and wild animals. Many species are used in folk medicine for their hepatoprotective, antioxidative, immunostimulant, and antiviral properties, whereas others are toxic, and in many cases the toxic principles can pass to humans through milk and meat. Three groups of chemicals have been described as pharmacologically active principles: polysaccharides, saponins and phenolics. In addition, three kinds of toxic principles have been reported: indolizidine alkaloids, aliphatic nitro compounds and selenium. © 1997 John Wiley & Sons, Ltd.
Steroidal saponins from Dracaena marginata
2013
Three new steroidal saponins and ten known ones were isolated from the bark of Dracaena marginata, along with two known steroidal saponins from the roots. Their structures were elucidated on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR experiments and mass spectrometry as (25R)-26-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)3beta,22alpha-dihydroxyfurost-5-en-1beta-yl O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-[alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 4)]-beta-D-glucopyranoside (1), (25R)-26-(beta-D-glucopyranosyloxy)-3beta,22alpha-dihydroxyfurost-5-en-1beta-yl O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-4-O-sulfo-alpha-L-arabinopyranoside (2), and (25S)-3beta-hydroxyspirost-5-en-1beta-yl O-alpha-L-rhamnopyranosyl-(1 --> 2)-4-O-sulfo-alpha-L…
Spirostane-Type Saponins from Dracaena fragrans Yellow Coast
2015
Three steroidal glycosides were isolated from the bark of Dracaena fragrans (L.) Ker Gawl. « Yellow Coast », and a fourth from the roots and the leaves. Their structures were characterized on the basis of extensive 1D and 2D NMR experiments and mass spectrometry, and by comparison with NMR data of the literature. These saponins have the spirostane-type skeleton and are reported in this species for the first time.
Cycloartane-type saponins from astragalus tmoleus var. tmoleus
2016
Five known cycloartane-type glycosides were isolated from the roots of A. tmoleus Boiss. var. tmoleus. The identification of these compounds was mainly achieved by 1D and 2D NMR spectroscopic techniques and FABMS. The results of our studies confirm that triterpene saponins with the cycloartane-type skeleton might be chemotaxonomically significant for the genus Astragalus.
Triterpene Saponins from the Roots of Achyranthes bidentata
2001
Three saponins, oleanolic acid-28- O -s-D-glucopyranoside (1), chikusetsusaponin V (2), and 3- O -s-D-glucopyranosyl-oleanolic acid-28- O -s-D-glucopyranoside (3) were isolated from the roots of Achyranthes bidentata Blume (Amaranthaceae). No activity was shown in the granulocyte phagocytosis test nor in the test of the potentiation of the cytotoxicity of cisplatin in human colon cancer cells. This is the first report of compounds 1, 2 and 3 isolated from Achyranthes species. Furthermore, the NMR data of 2 completed the partially published data.
Antiproliferative oleanane saponins from Polyscias guilfoylei
2008
Three new oleanane saponins (1–3), together with four known ones (4–7), were isolated from the aerial parts of Polyscias guilfoylei. Their structures were elucidated by 1D and 2D NMR experiments, including 1D TOCSY, DQF-COSY, ROESY, HSQC, and HMBC spectroscopy, as well as ESIMS analysis. The antiproliferative activity of all compounds was evaluated using three murine and human cancer cell lines; J774.A1, HEK-293, and WEHI-164. All the compounds were inactive except for 3β- O-[β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→2)-α-L-arabinopyranosyl]-echinocystic acid 28-[ O-β-D-glucopyranosyl-(1→6) O-β-D-glucopyranosyl] ester (3), which was active against all the cell lines.
New Diosgenin Glycosides from Costus afer
1997
Two new steroidal saponins, aferosides B (1) and C (2), together with the known saponins, dioscin (3) and paryphyllin C (4), were isolated from the roots of Costus afer. The known flavonoid glycoside, kaempferol 3-O-α-l-rhamnopyranoside (5), was obtained from the aerial parts. The structures of the new compounds were elucidated principally by 2D NMR spectral methods. A structural revision of the sugar sequence was made for the previously reported saponin aferoside A (6) on the basis of detailed spectroscopic analysis. Saponins 1−4 and 6 did not show any ability to potentiate in vitro cisplatin cytotoxicity in a human colon cancer cell line.