Ultrastructural findings from paraffin embedded tissue in intraoral lesions caused by Leishmania infantum

Úlcera eosinofílica lingual: un reto diagnóstico de patogénesis controvertida

ResumenLa úlcera eosinofílica, también conocida como granuloma ulcerativo traumático con eosinofilia estromal, es una infrecuente y benigna lesión ulcerativa de la mucosa oral que presenta una evolución persistente, planteando a menudo diferentes diagnósticos clínicos diferenciales. Su diagnóstico se establece solo a partir del estudio histopatológico, si bien su morfología presenta a menudo características que pueden sugerir al patólogo la existencia de un proceso linfoproliferativo, traduciendo una patogénesis lesional controvertida todavía no bien aclarada.Comunicamos una observación clínico-patológica de úlcera eosinofílica afectando a una mujer de 76 años de edad. La lesión, de 2,5cm d…

Cytological changes in the oral mucosa after use of a mouth rinse with alcohol. A prospective double blind control study

Aim: The aim of this preliminary study was to detect cytological changes in the oral mucosa after using a mouth wash with alcohol. Material and Methods: A prospective double-blind, controlled study was performed, for 6 months. Group 1 consisted of 30 subjects who used a mouth rinse with 26.9% of alcohol [Listerine®] and Group 2 consisted of 30 subjects who used a mouth rinse with the same ingredients but with no alcohol. We obtained three cytological samples from the oral mucosa. The presence of cytological atypia, binucleation and karyorrhesis, and type of cells were studied. We also used a fluorescent in situ hybridization technique (FISH) in 15 samples in each group, for the micronucleus…

Consenso de la Sociedad Española de Anatomía Patológica (SEAP) y de la Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica (SEOM) sobre la determinación de HER2 en el carcinoma gástrico

Resumen La identificacion de los carcinomas gastricos avanzados con alteraciones de HER2 es esencial en la practica clinica diaria, ya que estas neoplasias requieren un tratamiento especifico con trastuzumab. Por estos motivos, patologos y oncologos expertos en carcinoma gastrico y en la determinacion de HER2, en representacion de las sociedades respectivas (SEAP y SEOM), han trabajado para debatir y consensuar las recomendaciones nacionales de determinacion de HER2 en los carcinomas gastricos. Estas recomendaciones se basan no solo en la experiencia de los participantes en el consenso, sino tambien en la experiencia internacional publicada. En este consenso se muestran los requisitos minim…

Axonemal Symmetry Break, a New Ultrastructural Diagnostic Tool for Primary Ciliary Dyskinesia?

Diagnosis testing for primary ciliary dyskinesia (PCD) requires a combination of investigations that includes study of ciliary beat pattern by high-speed video-microscopy, genetic testing and assessment of the ciliary ultrastructure by transmission electron microscopy (TEM). Historically, TEM was considered to be the “gold standard” for the diagnosis of PCD. However, with the advances in molecular genetic techniques, an increasing number of PCD variants show normal ultrastructure and cannot be diagnosed by TEM. During ultrastructural assessment of ciliary biopsies of patients with suspicion of PCD, we observed an axonemal defect not previously described that affects peripheral doublets tilt…

Edad de presentación, multifocalidad y asociaciones lesionales en el tumor de células granulares

S-100 protein positive cells in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC): absence of prognostic significance. A clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study of 40 cases

An immunohistochemical study of S-100 protein in 43 nasopharyngeal carcinomas (NPC) of known clinical evolution (33 primary and 10 metastatic) is presented. Sixty per cent of primary site cases as well as all metastatic forms showed S-100 protein positive cells intermingled with tumour cells. These S-100 positive elements were identified as Langerhans cells. No significant differences were found when correlating S-100 protein positivity and histological NPC variants, neither in age nor in sex of patients. Statistical analysis failed to demonstrate any positive correlation between S-100 protein reactivity and clinical survival.

Linfangioleiomiomatosis esporádica e hipertensión pulmonar. Estudio clínico-patológico en pacientes receptoras de un trasplante pulmonar

Resumen Fundamentos y objetivo La linfangioleiomiomatosis (LAM) es una enfermedad rara que se caracteriza por una proliferacion aberrante de celulas musculares lisas inmaduras, celulas LAM, en la via aerea, parenquima, ganglios linfaticos y vasos pulmonares, provocando lesiones quisticas. Afecta predominantemente a la mujer y puede producir hipertension pulmonar (HP). Nuestro objetivo es el estudio clinico y de los hallazgos morfologicos que expresan HP en los pulmones nativos de pacientes sometidas a trasplante pulmonar (TP) por LAM. Pacientes y metodo Se estudio un grupo de variables clinicas en 7 pacientes que presentaban una LAM y que fueron sometidas a TP. Asimismo, utilizando tecnicas…

SDHB Expression in Warthin's Tumour

Abstract Introduction Succinic dehydrogenase subunit B (SDHB) is an enzyme belonging to the mitochondrial complex II. The aim of this study is to analyse SDHB expression in a series of Warthin's tumours, studying its relationship with oncocytic changes, constantly present in this form of tumour. Material and methods In resection tumour specimens from a series of ten Warthin's tumours (all from the parotid gland), immunohistochemical expression of SDHB was analysed using a commercially available monoclonal antibody. Results The Warthin's tumours studied affected 10 men (mean age: 64.2 yrs, range 40–80), all with smoking habits, and 2 with metachronous bilateral involvement. Two patients pres…

Osteonecrosis maxilar relacionada con bisfosfonatos (OMRB): consideraciones patogenéticas con posibles implicaciones terapéuticas

Clinicopathological and Immunohistochemical Study of Oral Amalgam Pigmentation

Amalgam tattoo, the most common exogenous oral pigmentation, can sometimes be confused with melanotic lesions, being then biopsied. We present the clinicopathological characteristics of 6 biopsied cases (5 females and 1 male) of oral amalgam pigmentation. The most common location was the gingival mucosa, followed by the buccal and palatal mucosa. Morphology and distribution (stromal, perivascular, perineural, endomysial) of pigmentation was variable; there was only 1 case with fibrous capsular reaction and likewise only a single case of granulomatous foreign body reaction. Morphological variability is conditioned by the timing and amount of the pigment deposit, which is often associated wit…

Differential expression of Cyclin D1 in keratin-producing odontogenic cysts

Objetives: The aim of the present study was to analyze the expression levels of Cyclin D1 (CCD1), a nuclear protein that plays a crucial role in cell cycle progression, in a series of keratin-producing odontogenic cysts. Study Design: A total of 58 keratin-producing odontogenic cysts, diagnosed over ten years and classified according to the WHO 2005 criteria, were immunohistochemically analyzed in terms of CCD1 expression, which was quantified in the basal, suprabasal and intermediate/superficial epithelial compartments. The extent of immunostaining was measured as a proportion of total epithelial thickness. Quantified immunohistochemical data were correlated with clinicopathological featur…

Immunohistochemical expression of glucose transporter 1 in keratin-producing odontogenic cysts

Background: Keratin-producing odontogenic cysts (KPOCs) are a group of cystic lesions that are often aggressive, with high rates of recurrence and multifocality. KPOCs included orthokeratinised odontogenic cyst (OOC) and parakeratotic odontogenic cysts, which are now considered true tumours denominated keratocystic odontogenic tumours (KCOTs). GLUT1 is a protein transporter that is involved in the active uptake of glucose across cell membranes and that is overexpressed in tumours in close correlation with the proliferation rate and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging results. Methods: A series of 58 keratin-producing odontogenic cysts was evaluated histologically and immunohistochemi…

Recomendación para la determinación de HER2 en cáncer de mama. Consenso nacional de la Sociedad Española de Anatomía Patológica (SEAP) y de la Sociedad Española de Oncología Médica (SEOM)

La identificación de los carcinomas de mama con amplificación/sobreexpresión de HER2 es crítica en la práctica clínica diaria ya que estas neoplasias requieren un tratamiento específico que incluye el uso de terapias dirigidas. Tanto las técnicas de hibridación in situ como las técnicas inmunohistoquímicas son métodos apropiados para la identificación de cánceres de mama HER2 positivos. Sin embargo, numerosos estudios, incluidos los desarrollados por la Asociación para la Garantía de Calidad en Patología de la SEAP (AGCP) y la experiencia de centros de referencia nacionales en la determinación de HER2 han puesto de manifiesto importantes problemas de reproducibilidad entre laboratorios. Por…

Eosinophilic ulcer tongue: a diagnostic challenge controversial pathogenesis

La úlcera eosinofílica, también conocida como granuloma ulcerativo traumático con eosinofilia estromal, es una infrecuente y benigna lesión ulcerativa de la mucosa oral que presenta una evolución persistente, planteando a menudo diferentes diagnósticos clínicos diferenciales. Su diagnóstico se establece solo a partir del estudio histopatológico, si bien su morfología presenta a menudo características que pueden sugerir al patólogo la existencia de un proceso linfoproliferativo, traduciendo una patogénesis lesional controvertida todavía no bien aclarada. Comunicamos una observación clínico-patológica de úlcera eosinofílica afectando a una mujer de 76 años de edad. La lesión, de 2,5 cm de diá…

Expression of p53 Protein and Tumor Angiogenesis as Prognostic Factors in Nasopharyngeal Carcinoma Patients.

The objective of this study was to evaluate the possible prognostic significance of p53 protein overexpression and tumor angiogenesis (TA) in nasopharyngeal carcinoma (NPC) patients, together with other clinicopathological variables. Forty-two NPC patients were evaluated in relation to survival. Nuclear p53 overexpression in neoplastic and endothelial cells was detected by immunohistochemistry (IHC) with the monoclonal antibody DO-7 and the polyclonal antibody against factor VIII-related antigen, respectively. Thereafter, we evaluated p53 cases in order to determine their nuclear immunoreactivity from negative (-) to positive (+, ++, +++). In addition, microvessels were counted in the most …

Laberinto de Hartveit e hiperplasia estromal seudoangiomatosa: ¿una nueva ruta morfológica en la diseminación tumoral mamaria?

Synovial cysts of the temporomandibular joint: an immunohistochemical characterization and literature review.

Synovial cysts of the temporomandibular joint (TMJ) are very rare, and to date, only 12 cases of a synovial cyst in the TMJ region have been reported in the literature. In this paper, we present the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical characteristics of one such lesion affecting a 48-year-old woman, presented with a mass in the left preauricular region. We describe the usefulness of immunohistochemical analysis for recognizing the synovial lining, which allowed for clear differentiation between ganglion and synovial cysts. Immunohistochemical analyses can be used to diagnose synovial cysts with certainty; however, using at least two markers is advisable to distinguish the two existi…

Trasplante pulmonar en la linfangioleiomiomatosis esporádica. Estudio de 7 casos

Resumen Fundamentos y objetivo La sporadic lymphangioleiomyomatosis (S-LAM, «linfangioleiomiomatosis esporadica») es una enfermedad rara que afecta a la mujer. Se caracteriza por una proliferacion anormal de celulas musculares lisas inmaduras, celulas LAM, que crecen de una manera aberrante en el pulmon. La enfermedad no tiene tratamiento, evolucionando hacia la insuficiencia respiratoria. El trasplante pulmonar (TP) puede ser una opcion terapeutica en este estadio. Nuestro objetivo es el estudio de 7 pacientes sometidas a TP por S-LAM. Material y metodo Se estudiaron las caracteristicas clinicodemograficas, de diagnostico, y los resultados. Se realizo un analisis descriptivo y se estimo la…

Solitary polypoid laryngeal xanthoma.

We report the case of a 51-year-old male smoker with diabetes mellitus and hyperlipidaemia and a long history of human immunodeficiency virus (HIV)/hepatitis C virus (HCV) infection treated with various antiretroviral regimes, who was referred to the otolaryngology department with progressive dysphonia. Fibre-optic laryngoscopy showed a solitary, yellowish-white pedunculated polyp on the anterior third of the left cord, with no other abnormality. Pathological analysis revealed a polypoid laryngeal xanthoma that was immunoreactive against CD68, perilipin, and adipophilin. This unusual laryngeal lesion in the clinical context of our patient suggests a possible role of antiretroviral treatment…

NCAM (CD56) Expression in keratin-producing odontogenic cysts: aberrant expression in KCOT

Background: Keratin-producing odontogenic cysts (KPOCs) are a group of cystic lesions that are often aggressive, with high rates of recurrence and multifocality. KPOCs included orthokeratinised odontogenic cyst (OOC) and parakeratotic odontogenic cysts, which are now considered true tumours denominated keratocystic odontogenic tumours (KCOTs). GLUT1 is a protein transporter that is involved in the active uptake of glucose across cell membranes and that is overexpressed in tumours in close correlation with the proliferation rate and positron emission tomography (PET) imaging results. Methods: A series of 58 keratin-producing odontogenic cysts was evaluated histologically and immunohistochemi…

Multiple granular cell tumors with metachronous occurrence in tongue and vulva. Clinicopathological and immunohistochemical study

Granular cell tumor (GCT) usually occurs as a single tumor, although sometimes multiple lesions can occur. In present report we analyze the clinicopathological and immunohistochemical features of a multiple GCT involving the tongue of a 14-year-old girl, with no other abnormalities, with a metachronous occurrence of a second GCT in vulva, after a period of 10 years. Both tumors revealed S-100, vimentin and CD57 positivity. In addition, over expression of calretinin was observed in tumor cells located in the vicinity of pseudoepitheliomatous hyperplasia (PEH) of the tongue. Tumor vasculature situated close to the PEH showed marked CD105 reactivity, data not described so far, suggesting an in…

Expresión de SDHB en el tumor de Warthin

Resumen Introduccion El objetivo del presente estudio es analizar la expresion de la succinodeshidrogenasa B (SDHB), enzima perteneciente al complejo mitocondrial II, en el tumor de Warthin analizando su relacion con los cambios oncociticos, un dato morfologico constante en este tipo tumoral. Material y metodos En una serie de 10 tumores de Warthin, todos parotideos, se analizo en los especimenes de reseccion tumoral la expresion de SDHB utilizando un anticuerpo monoclonal comercializado. Resultados Los 10 tumores afectaron a 10 varones (edad media: 64, 2 anos; rango: 40-80) , todos ellos con antecedentes de habito tabaquico, y 2 con afectacion bilateral metacronica. Dos pacientes presentar…

Utilidad del anticuerpo antimitocondrial 113-1 en el diagnóstico y categorización de los tumores de glándula salival con diferenciación oncocítica

Introduction and objectives: Salivary gland tumours usually show great variability both in their morphopathology as well as their clinical behaviour. In the present study, the usefulness of

Usefulness of antimitochondrial antibody 113-1 in diagnosis and classification of salivary gland tumours with oncocytic differentiation

Abstract Introduction and objectives Salivary gland tumours usually show great variability both in their morphopathology as well as their clinical behaviour. In the present study, the usefulness of antimitochondrial monoclonal antibody 113-1 in the diagnosis and categorization of salivary tumours was studied. Material and methods A series of 22 benign and malignant salivary tumours and 5 non-tumoral salivary gland specimens were immunohistochemically analysed using an antimitochondrial monoclonal antibody (Ab Mo 113-1), which recognises a non-glycosylated mitochondrial protein of 60 Kd. Results The use of this antibody allowed us to recognize all salivary tumours with oncocytic differentiat…

Estudio clínicopatológico e inmunohistoquímico de la pigmentación oral por amalgama

Resumen El tatuaje por amalgama, la pigmentacion exogena oral mas frecuente, puede en ocasiones simular lesiones melanicas y ser motivo de estudio biopsico. Se presentan las caracteristicas clinicopatologicas de 6 pacientes (5 mujeres y un varon) biopsiados por pigmentacion oral por amalgama. La localizacion mas frecuente fue la mucosa gingival, seguida de la yugal y palatina. La morfologia y distribucion (estromal, perivascular, perineural y endomisial) de la pigmentacion fue variable, apreciando solo en un caso reaccion capsular fibrosa e igualmente, solo en un caso, reaccion granulomatosa tipo cuerpo extrano. Esta variabilidad morfologica esta condicionada por la cuantia y cronologia del…

Mortalidad en carcinoma pulmonar no microcítico resecado, con tamaño máximo de 3cm y sin afectación ganglionar: análisis de riesgos competitivos

Resumen Fundamentos y objetivo Los estudios de supervivencia en el carcinoma pulmonar no microcitico (CPNM) se basan, habitualmente, en el metodo de Kaplan-Meier. Sin embargo, otros factores, no contemplados por este metodo, pueden modificar la observacion del suceso de interes. Existen modelos de incidencia acumulativa (IA) que, teniendo en cuenta estos riesgos competitivos, permiten estimaciones mas precisas de la supervivencia y valorar el riesgo de muerte por otras causas. Nuestro objetivo es evaluar dichos modelos en pacientes operados de CPNM en estadio precoz. Pacientes y metodo Estudio de 263 pacientes resecados de un CPNM con un diametro  ≤ 3 cm y sin afectacion ganglionar (N0). Se…

Orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts: a Spanish tertiary care centre study based on HPV DNA detection

Abstract Background The role of human papillomavirus (HPV) in orthokeratinized odontogenic cysts (OOCs) has rarely been studied. The objective is to describe the clinicopathological findings in a series of OOCs from a Spanish population that were investigated in relation to the possible presence of HPV. Methods A clinicopathological retrospective analysis followed by a molecular analysis of 28 high- and low-risk HPV genotypes was performed in OOC samples of patients seen during the last 15-years in a Spanish tertiary care center. Results Of 115 odontogenic cysts with keratinization, 16 cases of OOCs were confirmed and evaluated. OOCs occurred predominantly in the mandible of males (mean age…

Intratumoral immunosuppression profiles in 11q-deleted neuroblastomas provide new potential therapeutic targets

In this issue, Coronado et al. attempt to improve our understanding of the factors affecting the response to immunotherapy in a large subset of high‐risk neuroblastoma with hemizygous deletion of chromosome 11q. By using several computational approaches, the authors study potential transcriptional and post‐transcriptional pathways that may affect the response to immunotherapy and further be leveraged therapeutically in a biomarker‐directed fashion.

Immunomorphological differential diagnosis of maxillary cystic lesions with keratinization

Objetivos: Los quistes maxilares con queratinización son formas lesionales de carácter controvertido y de relevancia clínica, dada la implicación clínico-evolutiva del llamado tumor odontogénico queratoquístico (TOQ). En el presente estudio nos planteamos valorar la utilidad de las técnicas inmunohistoquímicas en la identificación de estas lesiones. Material y métodos: Se analizan de forma retrospectiva las lesiones quísticas maxilares dotadas de fenómenos de queratinización interna, diagnosticadas en un mismo centro hospitalario, a lo largo de un periodo de 4 años, realizando un estudio inmunohistoquímico mediante la aplicación de un panel de cinco anticuerpos (Ki67, Bcl-2, p53, CK19, D2-4…

Diagnóstico diferencial inmunomorfológico de las lesiones quísticas maxilares con queratinización

ResumenObjetivosLos quistes maxilares con queratinización son formas lesionales de carácter controvertido y de relevancia clínica, dada la implicación clínico-evolutiva del llamado tumor odontogénico queratoquístico (TOQ). En el presente estudio nos planteamos valorar la utilidad de las técnicas inmunohistoquímicas en la identificación de estas lesiones.Material y métodosSe analizan de forma retrospectiva las lesiones quísticas maxilares dotadas de fenómenos de queratinización interna, diagnosticadas en un mismo centro hospitalario, a lo largo de un periodo de 4 años, realizando un estudio inmunohistoquímico mediante la aplicación de un panel de cinco anticuerpos (Ki67, Bcl-2, p53, CK19, D2…