6533b837fe1ef96bd12a33e8

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Muons in air showers at the Pierre Auger Observatory

D. Pakk Selmi-deiD. MaurizioJohannes SchumacherF. SalamidaLorenzo CaccianigaV. M. TheodoroY. GuardincerriB. TomeG. MüllerA. J. MatthewsR. MussaAlberto Daniel SupanitskyA. ŚMiałkowskiMarkus RothC. MorelloFausto GuarinoMatthias KleifgesDavid WittkowskiGermano GuedesDanielle LahurdOlivier DelignyPeter L. BiermannDusan MandatA. Van VlietEric MayottePaolo PriviteraM. Gómez BerissoR. C. ShellardW. DoctersYogendra N. SrivastavaM. I. MichelettiE. VarelaN. GriffithS. GrebeM. ZavrtanikMarkus RisseB. WilczynskaR. SquartiniJohn L. HartonFred SarazinLukas NellenT. PaulT. PaulArnulfo ZepedaR. MeyhandanP. AbreuAntonio InsoliaG. Torralba ElipeF. SánchezSergio SciuttoL. OchiloD. RavignaniG. CoccioloEva SantosR. KrauseFederico SuarezB. ZamoranoIván SidelnikLuis A. AnchordoquiLuis A. AnchordoquiI. Al SamaraiSasa MicanovicGaetano SalinaRúben ConceiçãoL. ValoreAmin AminaeiE.m. HoltJ. J. BeattyNorbert KunkaS. MessinaAzadeh KeivaniRicardo VázquezW. Rodrigues De CarvalhoMaria GillerA. SalehMaria-teresa DovaD. NitzSilvia MollerachB. VlcekH. DembinskiG. MatthiaeM. TartareDarko VeberičI. ZawM. PlatinoM. MonasorC. AramoJ. W. CroninG. Van AarMoritz MünchmeyerR. Alves BatistaM. AmbrosioG. C. HillQ. Dorosti HasankiadehTobias WinchenP. LebrunKaren S. Caballero-moraB. MitricaHeino FalckeHeino FalckeRalph EngelV. MarinValerio PirronelloL. PerroneSarka WykesMarco GiammarchiJ. VichaS. QuinnA. SegretoM. LudwigS. HartmannJing ZhouJulien AublinF. WernerJan RidkyA. StutzP. AllisonV. ScheriniMartin ErdmannG. TomaNataliia BorodaiE. J. AhnPaul SommersD. MartelloM. BlancoR. BoninoMichael UngerS. JansenP. GouffonFrançois MontanetS. Van VelzenK. H. BeckerA. G. MariazziK. IsloRadomir SmidaBeatriz GarcíaOctavian FratuD. Torres MachadoD. MeloRoger W ClayM. J. CooperA. GorgiMiroslav PalatkaS. J. De JongN. KrohmJose ChinellatoP. LautridouS. NavasJohannes SchulzM. MelissasM. WillB. SarkarChristian GlaserM. PimentaCarlos MedinaM. De DomenicoJoshua A. GordonM. AvenierA. CurutiuA. WidomDaniel KuempelM. AveCarlos EscobarCarlos EscobarA. FilipčičA. C. RoveroPaula Gina IsarC. BlevePedro BrogueiraF. Salesa GreusG. CataldiJ. EspadanalJ. F. Valdés GaliciaI. De MitriA. Gascon BravoDieter HeckMartin UrbanV. De SouzaN. PalmieriUgo GiaccariM. Zimbres SilvaA. CordierS. MalderaP. W. YounkIvone F. M. AlbuquerqueKe FangC. J. Todero PeixotoR. LópezE. TrovatoJ. StapletonMarc WeberP. BilloirTanguy PierogM. E. BertainaJörg R. HörandelG. GarilliLorenzo CazonVincenzo RiziA. MenshikovB. GookinS. T. Garcia RocaToshihiro FujiiR. SatoJ. R. T. De Mello NetoM. ZiolkowskiL. Del PeralO. RavelO. Martínez BravoE. M. SantosK. LouedecMariangela SettimoA. ShadkamM. BuscemiMaria Rita ColucciaAlexey YushkovBruno DanielK. WeidenhauptBruce R. DawsonN. ScharfAntonio BuenoM. JosebachuiliV. PurrelloP. HeimannTim HuegeH. BlümerMax MalacariCarlos HojvatD. NosekJuan Carlos D'olivoT. YapiciD. NewtonD. NewtonErnesto KempEsteban RouletPiotr HomolaPiotr HomolaLukas MiddendorfJan EbrSerguei VorobiovSergio PetreraChristine PetersJ. J. Masías MezaP. Facal San LuisD. MaurelH. SchoorlemmerGualberto AvilaGustavo Medina-tancoNicolás GonzálezIngomar AllekotteS. Le CozD. Monnier RagaigneM. A. Leigui De OliveiraT. RosslerPiera Luisa GhiaGuenter SiglThomas HebbekerC. L. WilliamsAngela V. OlintoO. KrömerO. A. TabordaSergio DassoBalázs KéglC. Di GiulioS. J. SaffiH. MartinezG. Rodriguez FernandezA. P. FergusonHernán AsoreyCorinne BeratC. E. SantoB. RevenuU. FröhlichA. TapiaC. JarneJ. De OliveiraJ. R. VázquezHenryk WilczyńskiHermann-josef MathesAntoine Letessier-selvonVan Den Ad M BergLuca LatronicoAlejandro AlmelaP. Sanchez-lucasD. HarariM. OliveiraMarkus LauscherKai DaumillerJ. PhuntsokM. VidelaV. M. ArandaJeffrey BrackOlaf ScholtenHumberto Ibarguen SalazarRaul SarmentoA. AabF. GateL. CarameteH. GemmekeL. TomankovaM. MallamaciG. NavarraC. A. MouraT. YamamotoBrian FickSamo StaničJ. Lozano BahiloJohn SwainPhilipp PapenbreerJ. S. DíazD. Garcia-pintoPetr TravnicekAlan ColemanTrent D. GrubbD. HuberPetr SchovanekCarla BonifaziJuan Manuel FigueiraRoberta ColalilloJose A. BellidoM. ProuzaG. YuanCorbin E. CovaultY. PetrovMatías Rolf HampelJ. A.j. MatthewsXavier BertouJ. Rodriguez RojoBianca KeilhauerA. G. ChavezPedro AssisS. RiggiS. RiggiJaime RosadoAlina Mihaela BadescuF.g. SchröderEnrique ZasI. M. PepeAlexander GrilloJ. StasielakR. CesterS. CoutuNorberto FazziniLino MiramontiFernando ContrerasM. D. Rodríguez-fríasM. A. MullerM. A. MullerPeter SchifferPaulo J. S. GonçalvesD. Kruppke-hansenD. Garcia-gamezAlberto EtchegoyenI. C. MarişJ. AllenHernan WahlbergC. PorowskiAlexandra SaftoiuA. DorofeevI. JandtA. TepeI. Lhenry-yvonOctavian SimaJ. G. GonzalezRalf UlrichIgor KatkovR. R. PradoDenise BoncioliGerman RosA. Di MatteoPaul M. MantschB. WundheilerA. ParraL. VillaseñorMiguel MostafáMarcus NiechciolAnderson FauthGregory R SnowP. H. KasperL. MartinL. MartinM. S. A. B. LeãoD. LebrunR. J. LauerL. NožkaG. ParenteR. PiegaiaMarco CilmoP. RistoriAlex KääpäPeter MazurS. QuerchfeldColin BausV. M. Olmos-gilbajaL. NiemietzN. PachecoJ. RobertsTim NiggemannYingchun ZhuH. SchielerM. FernandesB. CaccianigaKarl-heinz KampertAntonella CastellinaB. Vargas CárdenasR. M. KieckhaferJ. RautenbergT. SuomijärviJ. PallottaG. S. VarnerO. WainbergE. J. QuelBéatrice FuchsNiraj DhitalW. C. BrownI. ValiñoJ. NeuserM. CandussoPeter GorhamCharles TimmermansL. CollicaJiri ChudobaThomas HarrisonRichard DallierRichard DallierA. NellesJaime Alvarez-muñizLu LuLu LuP. PieroniI. A. MinayaAndré SchulzF. ArquerosP. NecesalMartina BohacovaJan PękalaHans KlagesA. ChiavassaA. E. HerveK. B. BarberL. R. WienckeJ. SorokinA. PorcelliB. D. FoxM. L. Díaz CastroG. FarrarFrancesca ZuccarelloMaurice StephanA. TonachiniP.f. Gómez VitaleJ. MallerG. MarsellaA. WeindlN. HollonV. VerziV. NovotnyJ. BäumlRossella CarusoA. LuceroS. MathysM. ErfaniE. PetermannMiroslav PechPavel HorvathM. S. SutherlandDanilo ZavrtanikSofia AndringaK. LinkD. MartraireMiroslav HrabovskýA. HaungsO. KambeitzF. DiogoR. M. De AlmeidaZbigniew SzadkowskiRodrigo PelayoStijn BuitinkAlberto FilevichPeter HansenR. GaiorPeter BuchholzM. SzubaI.m. BrancusCarola DobrigkeitH. GlassM. PlumMarco AgliettaAlan WatsonJonny KleinfellerJ. Alvarez CastilloL. Molina-buenoDavid Walz

subject

[PHYS.ASTR.HE]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]Nuclear and High Energy PhysicsPhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsCosmic-ray interactionsAstronomyAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayextensive atmospherical showers muon density muon number Pierre Auger Observatory cosmic radiation UHEHadronic interaction models7. Clean energyAugerSettore FIS/04 - Fisica Nucleare e SubnucleareNuclear physicsAltitudeSettore FIS/05 - Astronomia e AstrofisicaObservatoryNERGY COSMIC-RAYS DETECTOR MODEL.Extensive air showerscosmic radiation UHEDETECTORScalingCosmic raysZenithHigh Energy Astrophysical Phenomena (astro-ph.HE)PhysicsPierre Auger ObservatoryMuonNERGY COSMIC-RAYSSettore FIS/01 - Fisica Sperimentaleenergy cosmic-rays; detector; modelAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsFísica[ PHYS.ASTR.HE ] Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena [astro-ph.HE]Pierre Auger ObservatoryASTROFÍSICAextensive atmospherical showersmuon numberMODELmuon densityExperimental High Energy PhysicsComputingMethodologies_DOCUMENTANDTEXTPROCESSINGFísica nuclearHigh Energy Physics::ExperimentAstrophysics - High Energy Astrophysical Phenomena

description

We present the first hybrid measurement of the average muon number in air showers at ultrahigh energies, initiated by cosmic rays with zenith angles between 62° and 80°. The measurement is based on 174 hybrid events recorded simultaneously with the surface detector array and the fluorescence detector of the Pierre Auger Observatory. The muon number for each shower is derived by scaling a simulated reference profile of the lateral muon density distribution at the ground until it fits the data. A 1019eV shower with a zenith angle of 67°, which arrives at the surface detector array at an altitude of 1450 m above sea level, contains on average (2.68±0.04±0.48(sys))×107 muons with energies larger than 0.3 GeV. The logarithmic gain dlnNμ/dlnE of muons with increasing energy between 4×1018eV and 5×1019eV is measured to be (1.029±0.024±0.030(sys)).

yearjournalcountryeditionlanguage
2015-02-01Physical Review D
10.1103/physrevd.91.032003https://hdl.handle.net/11370/57ddbdf7-a9f5-471a-b627-a50d9f4110b5