showing 36 of ~574560 from 574555 documents
The transposable element-rich genome of the cereal pest Sitophilus oryzae
2021
AbstractBackgroundThe rice weevil Sitophilus oryzae is one of the most important agricultural pests, causing extensive damage to cereal in fields and to stored grains. S. oryzae has an intracellular symbiotic relationship (endosymbiosis) with the Gram-negative bacterium Sodalis pierantonius and is a valuable model to decipher host-symbiont molecular interactions.ResultsWe sequenced the Sitophilus oryzae genome using a combination of short and long reads to produce the best assembly for a Curculionidae species to date. We show that S. oryzae has undergone successive bursts of transposable element (TE) amplification, representing 72% of the genome. In addition, we show that many TE families a…
The role of hydrological processes on enhanced weathering for carbon sequestration in soils in tropical areas
2021
<p>To mitigate global warming, a noticeable research effort is being devoted to NCS (Natural Climate Solutions) as means to reduce greenhouse gas emissions or sequester carbon within the oceans or terrestrial environments by exploiting natural processes. Enhanced weathering<strong> </strong>is a NCS that aims to increase the weathering reaction rates of silicate minerals, by amending soils with crushed reactive minerals. Various studies have shown that this technique is favored by hot and humid climates (i.e., tropical ecosystems), since weathering reactions are mostly effective under high temperature and soil moisture. Despite olivine dissolution d…
Recesión: Gutiérrez-Marco, J.C. y Bernárdez Rodriguez,E.2003. Un tesoro geológico en la Autovia del Cantábrico.- El trúnel Ordovícico del Fabar Ribad…
2021
Se trata de un libro dirigido al público en general, donde se van describiendo los diversos avatares que los autores han ido superando, hasta acceder, estudiar y describir el gran tesoro geológico y paleontológico que, ya se presumía, estaba contenido en los materiales geológicos bajo la montaña ordovícica.
Reproducibility in Electroorganic Synthesis—Myths and Misunderstandings
2021
Abstract The use of electric current as a traceless activator and reagent is experiencing a renaissance. This sustainable synthetic method is evolving into a hot topic in contemporary organic chemistry. Since researchers with various scientific backgrounds are entering this interdisciplinary field, different parameters and methods are reported to describe the experiments. The variation in the reported parameters can lead to problems with the reproducibility of the reported electroorganic syntheses. As an example, parameters such as current density or electrode distance are in some cases more significant than often anticipated. This Minireview provides guidelines on reporting electrosyntheti…
Urinary- and Plasma-Derived Exosomes Reveal a Distinct MicroRNA Signature Associated With Albuminuria in Hypertension.
2021
Urinary albumin excretion (UAE) is a marker of cardiovascular risk and renal damage in hypertension. MicroRNAs (miRNAs) packaged into exosomes function as paracrine effectors in cell communication and the kidney is not exempt. This study aimed to state an exosomal miRNA profile/signature associated to hypertension with increased UAE and the impact of profibrotic TGF-β1 (transforming growth factor β1) on exosomes miRNA release. Therefore, exosomes samples from patients with hypertension with/without UAE were isolated and characterized. Three individual and unique small RNA libraries from each subject were prepared (total plasma, urinary, and plasma-derived exosomes) for next-generation sequ…
Cazuma 1, nueva localidad de micromamíferos (Mammalia, Rodentia) del Aragoniense superior en la cuenca de Quesa - Bicorp (prov. Valencia)
2021
En el presente trabajo se describe la asociación de Megacricetodon crusafonti (Freudenthal, 1963), Megacricetodon sp. y Heteroxerus aff. grivensis (Forsyth Major, 1893) de Cazuma 1, localidad situada en el sector de Bicorp, en la cuenca terciaria de Quesa - Bicorp (Prov. Valencia). La edad atribuida a esta localidad es Aragoniense Superior. Hasta el momento, con ésta, ya son cinco las localidades conocidas de mamíferos en el Aragoniense de la cuenca de Quesa - Bicorp (Cazuma 1, Quesa 0, Quesa 2, Quesa 3 y Quesa 6).
Fragmentary remains of Odontocetes (Cetacea, Mammalia) from the Miocene of the Lower Tagus Basin (Portugal)
2021
This first systematic account of the scarcely studied Miocene cetaceans from Portugal describes 17 previously unpublished odontocete specimens from the Lower Tagus Basin. In spite of their fragmentary nature, at least a familial assignment was accomplished for most, and some were even tentatively ascribed to known genera: the Physeteridae are represented only by isolated teeth of “ Scaldicetus ” type; the Platanistidae by a tympanic not definitely assigned to a particular genus; the Eurhinodelphinidae by a lumbar vertebra and an atlas, both only tentatively referred to this family; and the Kentriodontidae comprise the most diversified forms, including rostral and mandibular fragments of a k…
Addressing HCV Elimination Barriers in Italy: Healthcare Resource Utilization and Cost Impact Using 8 Weeks’ Glecaprevir/Pibrentasvir Therapy
2021
Introduction: In Italy, hepatitis C virus (HCV) elimination is achievable; however, barriers remain to achieving the World Health Organization's elimination targets, and have become more pronounced with the spread of COVID-19. Glecaprevir/pibrentasvir (G/P) is a direct-acting antiviral therapy for HCV, approved for 8-week treatment in patients without cirrhosis, and with compensated cirrhosis (CC). Previously, 12 weeks of therapy was recommended for patients with CC. Shortened treatment may reduce the burden on healthcare resources, allowing more patients to be treated. This study presents the benefits that 8-week vs 12-week treatment with G/P may have in Italy. Methods: A multicohort Marko…
Reproduzierbarkeit in der elektroorganischen Synthese – Mythen und Missverständnisse
2021
Effect of relativistic kinematics on the stability of multiquarks
2021
We discuss whether the bound nature of multiquark states in quark models could benefit from relativistic effects on the kinetic energy operator. For mesons and baryons, relativistic corrections to the kinetic energy lead to lower energies, and thus call for a retuning of the parameters of the model. For multiquark states, as well as their respective thresholds, a comparison is made of the results obtained with non-relativistic and relativistic kinetic energy. It is found that the binding energy is lower in the relativistic case. In particular, $QQ\bar q\bar q$ tetraquarks with double heavy flavor become stable for a larger ratio of the heavy to light quark masses; and the all-heavy tetraqua…
Spinorial formulation of the GW-BSE equations and spin properties of excitons in 2D Transition Metal Dichalcogenides
2021
In many paradigmatic materials, like Transition Metal Dichalcogenides, the role played by the spin degrees of freedom is as important as the one played by the electron-electron interaction. Thus an accurate treatment of the two effects and of their interaction is necessary for an accurate and predictive study of the optical and electronic properties of these materials. Despite the GW-BSE approach correctly accounts for electronic correlations the spin-orbit coupling effect is often neglected or treated perturbatively. Recently spinorial formulations of GW-BSE have become available in different flavours in material-science codes. Still an accurate validation and comparison of different appro…
Evolution of syphilis incidence in Sibiu county (Romania) over a period of 10 years (2009-2018).
2021
Syphilis is the most common sexually transmitted disease that mainly affects socially active people, with a fluctuating worldwide incidence over the years. A retrospective study was conducted over a period of 10 years (2009-2018) that included 396 patients with syphilis diagnosed and monitored by Sibiu County Emergency Clinical Hospital, Romania. During this period (2009-2018), we observed a decrease in the new cases of syphilis by 35.90%, and the average syphilis incidence was 9.90 new cases per 100,000 inhabitants. Syphilis was diagnosed more frequently in men with an average age of 35.39 years, from urban areas, with and educational level of grades 9-12, unmarried, workers, or without oc…
false
2021
The genus Centaurea is recognized in folk medicine for anti-inflammatory, anti-itch, antitussive, purgative, astringent, and tonic activities. To study the chemical determinant for antimicrobial activity essential oils (EOs), five Centaurea species were analyzed including: C. scoparia, C. calcitrapa, C. glomerata, C. lipii and C. alexandrina. Conventional hydro-distillation (HD) and microwave-assisted extraction (MAE), as new green technologies, were compared for the extraction of essential oils. GC/MS analysis identified 120 EOs including mostly terpenoid except from C. lipii and C. alexandrina in which nonterpenoids were the major constituents. Major terpenoids included spathulenol, caryo…
Children and Parental Barriers to Active Commuting to School: A Comparison Study
2021
The main objectives of this study were: to compare the barriers to active commuting to and from school (ACS) between children and their parents separately for children and adolescents; and to analyze the association between ACS and the children’s and parents’ barriers. A total of 401 child–parent pairs, from Granada, Jaén, Toledo and Valencia, self-reported, separately, their mode of commuting to school and work, respectively, and the children’s barriers to ACS. T-tests and chi-square tests were used to analyze the differences by age for continuous and categorical variables, respectively. Binary logistic regressions were performed to study the association between ACS barriers of children an…
Filozofijas lekciju konspekti no Rīgas Universitātes laika
2021
Raksts satur informāciju par LU Muzejam pastāvīgā glabāšanā nodotiem, bijušā LU Pedagoģijas vēstures muzeja krājumā ietilpstošajiem latviešu filozofa un LU mācībspēka Paula Jurēviča filozofijas lekciju konspektiem no nacionālsociālistiskās Vācijas okupācijas laika. Rakstā aprakstīti paši lekciju konspekti, kas datēti no 1942. līdz 1944. gadam. Arī analizētas P. Jurēviča attiecības ar nacionālsociālistisko okupācijas varu, strādājot LU.
Genome-wide association analysis in dilated cardiomyopathy reveals two new players in systolic heart failure on chromosomes 3p25.1 and 22q11.23
2021
Abstract Aims Our objective was to better understand the genetic bases of dilated cardiomyopathy (DCM), a leading cause of systolic heart failure. Methods and results We conducted the largest genome-wide association study performed so far in DCM, with 2719 cases and 4440 controls in the discovery population. We identified and replicated two new DCM-associated loci on chromosome 3p25.1 [lead single-nucleotide polymorphism (SNP) rs62232870, P = 8.7 × 10−11 and 7.7 × 10−4 in the discovery and replication steps, respectively] and chromosome 22q11.23 (lead SNP rs7284877, P = 3.3 × 10−8 and 1.4 × 10−3 in the discovery and replication steps, respectively), while confirming two previously identif…
ETAS Space time modelling of Chile induced seismicity using covariates.
2021
<p>Chilean seismic activity is among the strongest ones in the world. As already shown in previous papers, seismic activity can be usefully described by a space-time branching process, like the ETAS (Epidemic Type Aftershock Sequences) model, which is a semiparametric model with a large time scale component for the background seismicity and a small time scale component for the induced seismicity. The large-scale component intensity function  is usually estimated by  nonparametric techniques, specifically in our paper we used the Forward Likelihood Predictive approach (FLP); the induced seismicity is modelled with a parametric space-time function. In c…
High-Sensitivity Whispering Gallery Mode Humidity Sensor Based on Glycerol Microdroplet Volumetric Expansion
2021
We demonstrate a highly sensitive whispering gallery mode (WGM) relative humidity (RH) sensor based on a glycerol microdroplet. WGMs were excited using a 760 nm tunable semiconductor laser. We used free space coupling, which is effective when using a liquid resonator. A detailed analysis of different parameters influencing the sensor’s characteristics (sensitivity, hysteresis, resolution, stability, and temperature) is presented. The sensitivity of the sensor is one of the highest reported (2.85 nm/% RH in the range 50–70% RH with the resolution 1 × 10−4% RH). This type of humidity sensor has several advantages, such as high sensitivity, extended lifetime, good repeatability, and low cost, …
Stranded jellyfish in the lowermost Cambrian (Corduban) of Spain
2021
Ninety discoid structures of big size occurring on a bedding plane of Nemakit-Daldynian to Tommotian sandstones (i.e. Corduban in the Spanish scale of Cambrian stages) from south-western Spain are described. Cross-cutting relationships between discoid structures and associated trace fossils, as well as evidence for penecontemporaneous deformation of sediment laminae below the discoids, permit to interprete these structures as impressions of ancient, soft-bodied marine organisms. Taphonomic, biometric, and morphological studies suggest that they are outer moulds of both sides, subumbrellar and exumbrellar, of ancient jellyfish of hydrozoan coelenterates, whose canals resemble the modern genu…
NOAA-AVHRR Orbital Drift Correction: Validating Methods Using MSG-SEVIRI Data as a Benchmark Dataset
2021
National Oceanic and Atmospheric Administration–Advanced Very High Resolution Radiometer (NOAA-AVHRR) data provides the possibility to build the longest Land Surface Temperature (LST) dataset to date, starting in 1981 up to the present. However, due to the orbital drift of the NOAA platforms, no LST dataset is available before 2000 and the arrival of newer platforms. Although numerous methods have been developed to correct this orbital drift effect on the LST, a lack of validation has prevented their application. This is the gap we bridge here by using the 15 min temporal resolution of Meteosat Second Generation–Spinning Enhanced Visible and Infra-Red Imager (MSG-SEVIRI) data to simulate dr…
Design, synthesis and biological evaluation of new anticancer drugs: FGFR inhibitors
2021
Fibroblast growth factor receptors (FGFRs) constitute a family of tyrosine kinases receptors (RTKs) that exert pivotal physiological functions in human embryonic and adult tissues. Hyperactivated FGFR signaling drives tumorigenesis in multiple cancer types, including lung and brain cancers. Great effort has been laid on the development of new compounds that specifically target the FGFR axis. However, cancer cell- based and microenvironmental resistance mechanisms against FGFR inhibitors often arise and are currently poorly understood. Furthermore, FGFR-targeted therapy often presents different side effects, e due to the broad biological spectrum of the FGFR signaling axis as well as to its …
The prevalence and characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain in patients receiving low doses of opioids for background pain
2021
Simple Summary The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP) in patients receiving low doses of opioids for background pain. This prospective study showed that in this population, BTcP prevalence was 69.8%. Many patients did not achieve a sufficient level of satisfaction with BTcP medications, particularly with oral morphine. Data also suggest that better optimization of background analgesia, though apparently acceptable, may limit the number of BTcP episodes. Abstract The aim of this study was to assess the prevalence and characteristics of breakthrough cancer pain (BTcP) in patients receiving low doses of opioids for background p…
Expanding the β-III Spectrin-Associated Phenotypes toward Non-Progressive Congenital Ataxias with Neurodegeneration
2021
(1) Background: A non-progressive congenital ataxia (NPCA) phenotype caused by b-III spectrin (SPTBN2) mutations has emerged, mimicking spinocerebellar ataxia, autosomal recessive type 14 (SCAR14). The pattern of inheritance, however, resembles that of autosomal dominant classical spinocerebellar ataxia type 5 (SCA5). (2) Methods: In-depth phenotyping of two boys studied by a customized gene panel. Candidate variants were sought by structural modeling and protein expression. An extensive review of the literature was conducted in order to better characterize the SPTBN2-associated NPCA. (3) Results: Patients exhibited an NPCA with hypotonia, developmental delay, cerebellar syndrome, and cogni…
Entretien entre le linguiste Jean Szlamowicz et le sociologue Shmuel Trigano
2021
International audience
Cylindrical confinement of solutions containing semiflexible macromolecules: surface-induced nematic order versus phase separation
2021
Solutions of semiflexible polymers confined in cylindrical pores with repulsive walls are studied by Molecular Dynamics simulations for a wide range of polymer concentrations. Both the case where both lengths are of the same order and the case when the persistence length by far exceeds the contour length are considered, and the enhancement of nematic order along the cylinder axis is characterized. With increasing density the character of the surface effect changes from depletion to the formation of a layered structure. For binary 50 : 50 mixtures of the two types of polymers an interplay between surface enrichment of the stiffer component and the isotropic-nematic transition is found, and a…
In vitro blood brain barrier exposure to mycotoxins and carotenoids pumpkin extract alters mitochondrial gene expression and oxidative stress.
2021
Abstract Food and feed are daily exposed to mycotoxin contamination which effects may be counteracted by antioxidants like carotenoids. Some mycotoxins as well as carotenoids penetrate the blood brain barrier (BBB) inducing alterations related to redox balance in the mitochondria. Therefore, the in vitro BBB model ECV304 was subcultured for 7 days and exposed to beauvericine, enniatins, ochratoxin A, zearalenone (100 nM each), individually and combined, and pumpkin extract (500 nM). Reactive oxygen species were measured by fluorescence using the dichlorofluorescein diacetate probe at 0 h, 2 h and 4 h. Intracellular ROS generation reported was condition dependent. RNA extraction was performe…
Incidence, risk factors, clinical characteristics and outcomes of deep venous thrombosis in patients with COVID-19 attending the Emergency Department…
2021
Background and importance A higher incidence of venous thromboembolism [both pulmonary embolism and deep vein thrombosis (DVT)] in patients with coronavirus disease 2019 (COVID-19) has been described. But little is known about the true frequency of DVT in patients who attend emergency department (ED) and are diagnosed with COVID-19. Objective We investigated the incidence, risk factors, clinical characteristics and outcomes of DVT in patients with COVID-19 attending the ED before hospitalization. Methods We retrospectively reviewed all COVID patients diagnosed with DVT in 62 Spanish EDs (20% of Spanish EDs, case group) during the first 2 months of the COVID-19 outbreak. We compared DVT-COVI…
Out-of-plane emission of trions in monolayer WSe2 revealed by whispering gallery modes of dielectric microresonators
2021
The manipulation of light emitted by two-dimensional semiconductors grounds forthcoming technologies in the field of on-chip communications. However, these technologies require from the so elusive out-of-plane photon sources to achieve an efficient coupling of radiated light into planar devices. Here we propose a versatile spectroscopic method that enables the identification of the out-of-plane component of dipoles. The method is based on the selective coupling of light emitted by in-plane and out-of-plane dipoles to the whispering gallery modes of spherical dielectric microresonators, in close contact to them. We have applied this method to demonstrate the existence of dipoles with an out-…
Prognostic role of tapse to pasp ratio in patients undergoing mitraclip procedure
2021
Producción Científica
Frequent and severe hypoglycaemia detected with continuous glucose monitoring in older institutionalised patients with diabetes.
2021
AbstractBackgroundLittle is known about the prevalence of hypoglycaemia in older people with diabetes. However, the HbA1c goal is ≥8% for institutionalised patients with treatments that can cause hypoglycaemia.PurposeWe aimed to assess the prevalence of hypoglycaemia with continuous glucose monitoring and to evaluate the link with HbA1C in older institutionalised patients with diabetes taking potentially hypoglycaemia-inducing drugs.DesignProspective, multicentre study carried out in six geriatric care centres in the Côte d’Or region of France between January 2019 and July 2020.Settings, subjects and methodsA FreeStyle Libre Pro® (FSLP) was worn for up to 14 days in blinded mode in 42 patie…
“Water Association” Band in Saccharide Amorphous Matrices: Role of Residual Water on Bioprotection
2021
Saccharides protect biostructures against adverse environmental conditions mainly by preventing large scale motions leading to unfolding. The efficiency of this molecular mechanism, which is higher in trehalose with respect to other sugars, strongly depends on hydration and sugar/protein ratio. Here we report an Infrared Spectroscopy study on dry amorphous matrices of the disaccharides trehalose, maltose, sucrose and lactose, and the trisaccharide raffinose. Samples with and without embedded protein (Myoglobin) are investigated at different sugar/protein ratios, and compared. To inspect matrix properties we analyse the Water Association Band (WAB), and carefully decompose it into sub-bands,…
Perceived major experiences of discrimination, ethnic group, and risk of psychosis in a six-country case-control study
2021
AbstractBackgroundPerceived discrimination is associated with worse mental health. Few studies have assessed whether perceived discrimination (i) is associated with the risk of psychotic disorders and (ii) contributes to an increased risk among minority ethnic groups relative to the ethnic majority.MethodsWe used data from the European Network of National Schizophrenia Networks Studying Gene-Environment Interactions Work Package 2, a population-based case−control study of incident psychotic disorders in 17 catchment sites across six countries. We calculated odds ratios (OR) and 95% confidence intervals (95% CI) for the associations between perceived discrimination and psychosis using mixed-…
Adsorption Active Diblock Copolymers as Universal Agents for Unusual Barrier-Free Transitions in Stimuli-Responsive Brushes
2021
We reconsider a recently proposed design for smart responsive brushes, which is based on a conformational transition in very dilutely embedded block copolymers with a surface active block (Qi et al., Macromolecules 53, 5326, 2020). Under certain conditions, the transition acquires an unusual character: it remains very sharp, but the barrier separating the adsorbed and desorbed states disappears completely. We show that these features are very robust with respect to changing almost all system parameters: the lengths of the inert and active blocks of the minority chain, the brush length, its density, and its polydispersity. The only relevant condition is that the inert block of the minority c…
Trabectedin for patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma: A non-interventional, retrospective, multicenter study of the italian sarcoma group
2021
The Italian Sarcoma Group performed this retrospective analysis of patients with advanced soft tissue sarcoma, pretreated with ≥1 anthracycline-based treatment, and treated with trabectedin every three weeks. Primary endpoint was to describe real-life use of trabectedin across Italy. Secondary endpoints included objective response rate (ORR) and safety. Overall, 512 patients from 20 Italian centers were evaluated. Leiomyosarcoma (37.7%)/liposarcoma (30.3%) were the most prevalent histological types (abbreviated as L-sarcoma). Patients received a median of four trabectedin cycles (range: 1–40), mostly as a second-line treatment (~60% of patients). The ORR was 13.7% superior (p <
Current Strategies to Identify Patients That Will Benefit from TACE Treatment and Future Directions a Practical Step-by-Step Guide
2021
Abstract Treatment of hepatocellular carcinoma (HCC) depends on the stage of disease. In the Western Hemisphere, the Barcelona Clinic Liver Cancer classification (BCLC) is the preferred staging system. Approximately one-third of patients initially present with intermediate-stage disease. For these patients, transarterial chemoembolization (TACE) is the treatment of choice. However, the intermediate-stage comprises a heterogeneous subgroup of patients with considerable differences in tumor burden and liver function. In addition, differences in individual factors that are not captured by the BCLC framework, such as the tumor growth pattern, degree of hypervascularity, and vascular supply, com…
On the origin of BAG(3) and its consequences for an expansion of BAG3's role in protein homeostasis
2021
The B-cell CLL 2-associated athanogene (BAG) protein family in general and BAG3, in particular, are pivotal elements of cellular protein homeostasis, with BAG3 playing a major role in macroautophagy. In particular, in the contexts of senescence and degeneration, BAG3 has exhibited an essential role often related to its capabilities to organize and remove aggregated proteins. Exciting studies in different species ranging from human, murine, zebrafish, and plant samples have delivered vital insights into BAG3s' (and other BAG proteins') functions and their regulations. However, so far no studies have addressed neither BAG3's evolution nor its phylogenetic position in the BAG family.