Search results for "Indium"

showing 10 items of 177 documents

Photoconductivity and photovoltaic effect in indium selenide

1983

Transport and phototransport properties of crystalline indium monoselenide (InSe) doped with a variety of elements are reported. Measured mobilities, lifetimes, and effective diffusion lengths of photoexcited carriers are used to interpret electrical and photovoltaic properties of several different structures. These include p‐n junctions, bismuth/p‐type InSe, platinum/n‐type InSe, and indium tin oxyde (ITO)/p‐type InSe. External solar efficiencies of the best devices are between 5% and 6%. The influence on the efficiency of the various parameters is evaluated, and ways of improvement are discussed.

Materials sciencePhotoconductivityInorganic chemistryN−Type ConductorsGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementPhotovoltaic effectIndium CompoundsEfficiencyCrystalsBismuthPhotovoltaic EffectCharge Carrierschemistry.chemical_compoundP−Type ConductorsIndium Selenides ; Photoconductivity ; Photovoltaic Effect ; Experimental Data ; Crystals ; Doped Materials ; Mobility ; Lifetime ; Diffusion Length ; Charge Carriers ; Electrical Properties ; P−N Junctions ; P−Type Conductors ; N−Type Conductors ; Bismuth ; Platinum ; Indium Compounds ; Tin Oxides ; Efficiency:FÍSICA [UNESCO]SelenideDoped MaterialsPlatinumMobilityIndium Selenidesbusiness.industryPhotoconductivityElectrical PropertiesDopingP−N JunctionsUNESCO::FÍSICATin OxidesDiffusion LengthchemistryOptoelectronicsExperimental DataCharge carrierTinbusinessBismuthIndiumLifetime
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Enhanced optical response of InSe nanosheet devices decorated with CsPbX3 (X = I, Br) perovskite nanocrystals

2021

Abstract The combination of several two-dimensional materials opens the door for the creation of cooperative nanodevices with functionalities that complement to each other and even compensate the weaknesses of the individual components. Two-dimensional indium selenide (InSe) shows one of the largest tunability bandgap found in two-dimensional materials with application in optoelectronics. However, the intrinsic out-of-plane luminescent dipolar nature limits its implementation in devices operating in vertical configuration. All-inorganic CsPbX3 (X = Br, I) cubic nanoparticles offer high absorption and emission quantum yields and great integrability with two-dimensional materials. Combining t…

Materials sciencePhotoluminescenceBand gapGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistry01 natural scienceschemistry.chemical_compoundSelenideNanosheetPerovskite (structure)business.industrySurfaces and InterfacesGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and FilmsNanocrystalchemistryOptoelectronics0210 nano-technologybusinessLuminescenceIndiumApplied Surface Science
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Strong optical nonlinearities in gallium and indium selenides related to inter-valence-band transitions induced by light pulses

1997

A nonlinear optical effect is shown to occur in gallium and indium selenides at photon energies of the order of 1.5 eV. It corresponds to transitions from a lower-energy valence band to the uppermost one when a nonequilibrium degenerate hole gas is created in the latter by a laser pulse. This inter-valence-band transition is allowed by crystal symmetry. Its oscillator strength is estimated through the $f$-sum rule and turns out to be about two orders of magnitude higher than that of the fundamental transition. The intensity of this effect is stronger when the pump pulse photon energy is close to that of the inter-valence-band transition; a condition that can be fulfilled only in indium sele…

Materials sciencePhotonOscillator strengthchemistry.chemical_elementPhysics::OpticsPhoton energyÒpticaLaserlaw.inventionchemistrylawStimulated emissionGalliumAtomic physicsAbsorption (electromagnetic radiation)Indium
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Positron lifetime measurements on neutron‐irradiated InP crystals

1996

Neutron‐irradiated InP single crystals have been investigated by positron‐lifetime measurements. The samples were irradiated with thermal neutrons at different fluences yielding concentrations for Sn‐transmuted atoms between 2×1015 and 2×1018 cm−3. The lifetime spectra have been analyzed into one exponential decay component. The mean lifetimes show a monotonous increase with the irradiation dose from 246 to 282 ps. The increase in the lifetime has been associated to a defect containing an Indium vacancy. Thermal annealing at 550 °C reduces the lifetime until values closed to those obtained for the as‐grown and conventionally doped InP crystals. navarrof@evalvx.ific.uv.es ; Jose.Ferrero@uv.es

Materials sciencePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsPhysics::Medical PhysicsAnalytical chemistryGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_elementDefect StructureMonocrystalsSpectral lineCondensed Matter::Materials Science:FÍSICA [UNESCO]Vacancy defectNeutronIrradiationIndium Phosphides ; Radiation Effects ; Thermal Neutrons ; Monocrystals ; Positron Probes ; Lifetime ; Defect StructureExponential decayPositron ProbesDopingRadiochemistryUNESCO::FÍSICANeutron temperatureRadiation EffectschemistryIndium PhosphidesThermal NeutronsLifetimeIndiumJournal of Applied Physics
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Ab initio calculations of indium arsenide in the wurtzite phase: structural, electronic and optical properties

2013

Most III-V semiconductors, which acquire the zinc-blende phase as bulk materials, adopt the metastable wurtzite phase when grown in the form of nanowires. These are new semiconductors with new optical properties, in particular, a different electronic band gap when compared with that grown in the zinc-blende phase. The electronic gap of wurtzite InAs at the Gamma-point of the Brillouin zone (E0 gap) has been recently measured, E0 = 0.46 eV at low temperature. The electronic gap at the A point of the Brillouin zone (equivalent to the L point in the zinc-blende structure, E1) has also been obtained recently based on a resonant Raman scattering experiment. In this work, we calculate the band st…

Materials sciencePolymers and PlasticsFOS: Physical sciencesBiomaterialschemistry.chemical_compoundsymbols.namesakeCondensed Matter::Materials ScienceAb initio quantum chemistry methodsMesoscale and Nanoscale Physics (cond-mat.mes-hall)Electronic band structureWurtzite crystal structureCondensed Matter - Materials ScienceCondensed matter physicsCondensed Matter - Mesoscale and Nanoscale PhysicsCondensed Matter::Otherbusiness.industryMetals and AlloysMaterials Science (cond-mat.mtrl-sci)Condensed Matter::Mesoscopic Systems and Quantum Hall EffectSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsBrillouin zoneSemiconductorchemistryCrystal field theorysymbolsIndium arsenidebusinessRaman scattering
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Room temperature electrodeposition of photoactive Cd(OH)2 nanowires

2009

Cd(OH)2 nanowires (NWs) were successfully prepared by room temperature electrogeneration of base using Cd(NO3)2 aqueous electrolyte and Anodic Alumina Membrane (AAM) as template. Cd(OH)2 films have been also deposited on tin-doped indium oxide (ITO) for comparison. SEM analysis shows high quality deposits made of closely packed nanowires (NWs) into AAM and uniform flake-like surface on ITO. XRD analysis reveals that Cd(OH)2 films on ITO are polycrystalline, while the nanowires grow along the preferential directions [100] and [110]. Photoelectrochemical measurements show that Cd(OH)2 NWs are photoactive materials with indirect and direct band gap of 2.15 and 2.75 eV, respectively. Keywords: …

Materials scienceScanning electron microscopeBand gapNanowireOxidechemistry.chemical_elementNanotechnologylcsh:Chemistrychemistry.chemical_compoundTransition metalBand gapElectrochemistryNanowiresElectrogeneration of baseCd(OH)2Settore ING-IND/23 - Chimica Fisica ApplicataChemical engineeringchemistrylcsh:Industrial electrochemistrylcsh:QD1-999Direct and indirect band gapsCrystallitenanowire band gap electrodepositionIndiumlcsh:TP250-261
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Robustness and electrical reliability of AZO/Ag/AZO thin film after bending stress

2017

Abstract The increasing interest in thin flexible and bendable devices has led to a strong demand for mechanically robust and electrically reliable transparent electrodes. Indium doped Tin Oxide (ITO) and Aluminium doped Zinc Oxide (AZO) are among the most employed transparent conductive oxides (TCO) and their reliability on flexible substrates have thus received a great attention. However, a high flexibility is usually achieved at very low thickness, which, unfortunately, compromises the electrical conductivity. Here we report the effects of mechanical bending cycles on the electrical and optical properties of ultra thin AZO/Ag/AZO multilayers (45 nm/10 nm/45 nm) and, for comparison, of AZ…

Materials scienceScanning electron microscopeThin filmschemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technologySettore ING-INF/01 - Elettronica01 natural sciencesSettore FIS/03 - Fisica Della MateriaTransparent conductive oxideElectrical resistance and conductance0103 physical sciencesThin filmThin filmComposite materialPolyethylene naphthalateElectrical conductor010302 applied physicsRenewable Energy Sustainability and the EnvironmentElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialTransparent conductive oxide; Thin films; PhotovoltaicsSputtering021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyTin oxideSurfaces Coatings and FilmsElectronic Optical and Magnetic MaterialsPhotovoltaicschemistryElectrode0210 nano-technologyPhotovoltaicFlexibleIndiumSolar Energy Materials and Solar Cells
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High-Density Arrays of Germanium Nanowire Photoresistors

2006

Here we present for the first time a study of the photoresistive properties and dynamics of ordered, high-density arrays of germanium nanowire photoresistors. Germanium is a wellknown semiconducting material with an indirect bandgap, Eg, of approximately 0.66 eV (temperature T = 300 K) and has been widely used for the fabrication of photodetectors, radiation detectors, charged particle and photon tracking devices, far-infrared photoresistors, and numerous other devices. During the last few years there has also been increasing interest in the use of nanostructures (quantum dots and wires) of both germanium and silicon as materials for potential applications in sensors, nanophotonics, and nan…

Materials scienceSiliconbusiness.industryMechanical EngineeringPhotoconductivityNanowirechemistry.chemical_elementGermaniumConductive atomic force microscopyIndium tin oxideSemiconductorNanoelectronicschemistryMechanics of MaterialsOptoelectronicsGeneral Materials SciencebusinessAdvanced Materials
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Strain relaxation, extended defects and doping effects in InxGa1-xN/GaN heterostructures investigated by surface photovoltage

2020

Abstract We have analysed electrical properties of extended defects and interfaces in fully strained and partially relaxed InxGa1-xN/GaN heterostructures by means of Kelvin probe force microscopy and surface photovoltage spectroscopy. The study highlights the role of indium incorporation and Si doping levels on the charge state of extended defects including threading dislocations, V defects and misfit dislocations. Surface potential maps reveal that these defects are associated with a different local work function and thus could remarkably alter electron-hole recombination mechanisms of InxGa1-xN/GaN layers locally. Surface photovoltage spectra clearly demonstrate the role of misfit disloca…

Materials scienceSurface photovoltageGeneral Physics and Astronomychemistry.chemical_element02 engineering and technology010402 general chemistryKelvin probe force microscopy01 natural sciencesSurface photovoltage spectroscopyWork functionSpectroscopyKelvin probe force microscopeCondensed matter physicsInxGa1-xN/GaN heterostructureRelaxation (NMR)DopingHeterojunctionSurfaces and InterfacesGeneral Chemistry021001 nanoscience & nanotechnologyCondensed Matter Physics0104 chemical sciencesSurfaces Coatings and Filmschemistry0210 nano-technologyIndium
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In situ monitoring of pulsed laser indium–tin-oxide film deposition by optical emission spectroscopy

2001

We performed optical emission spectroscopy to monitor the plasma produced during the ablation of indium-tin-oxide targets under different oxygen pressure conditions using a pulsed UV laser. Molecular bands of InO were identified in the fluorescent spectra produced by pulsed laser ablation. InO line monitoring allowed obtaining the optimal conditions for good-quality ITO film deposition. We demonstrated that it is possible to correlate InO line spectroscopic parameters with the conditions required to fabricate a high-conductivity and high-transparent ITO thin film. In particular, low resistivity (10-4 to 10-3 Ω cm) was obtained in films deposited at room temperature by regulating oxygen pres…

Materials sciencebusiness.industryAnalytical chemistryPlasmaIndium–tin-oxide films Pulsed laser deposition Optical emission spectroscopy Plasma diagnosticsSettore ING-INF/01 - ElettronicaAtomic and Molecular Physics and OpticsAnalytical ChemistryIndium tin oxidePulsed laser depositionElectrical resistivity and conductivityOptoelectronicsPlasma diagnosticsPLD ITO optical spectroscopyThin filmbusinessInstrumentationSpectroscopyDeposition (law)Line (formation)Spectrochimica Acta Part B: Atomic Spectroscopy
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