6533b86ffe1ef96bd12cdcf4

RESEARCH PRODUCT

Trigger and aperture of the surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory

Paulo J. S. GonçalvesM.e. OrtizL. PerroneL. PerroneM. GoldJ. ChauvinA. F. BarbosaM. AveM. AveD. Pakk Selmi-deiR. SatoA. SegretoE. SantoB. Rouillé-d'orfeuilRalf UlrichRalf UlrichR. E. BurtonG. De La VegaMarkus RisseT. TarutinaT. TarutinaPaul M. MantschE. StrazzeriE. StrazzeriRadomir SmidaJ. L. NavarroG. RodriguezJ. G. GonzalezJ. G. GonzalezA. Lopez AgüeraC. Delle FratteC. Delle FratteF. SánchezF. SánchezIván SidelnikAlberto FilevichPeter HansenPeter HansenJ. Rodriguez RojoDaniel GonzalezAzadeh KeivaniU. FroehlichO. Blanch-bigasO. Blanch-bigasF. GuarinoF. GuarinoJ. F. Valdés GaliciaS. GambettaA. FerreroSergio SciuttoSergio SciuttoEnrique ZasI. M. PepePeter BuchholzM. Gómez BerissoR. C. ShellardR. PiegaiaX. GarridoX. GarridoI. De MitriI. De MitriDieter HeckH. CookJ. W. CroninNataliia BorodaiA. AnzaloneS. J. De JongPierre BilloirPierre BilloirD. ThomasA. CurutiuH. DembinskiM. ZavrtanikM. ZavrtanikA. HornefferP. PetrincaP. PetrincaJ. S. DíazJ. R. T. De Mello NetoT. KarovaH. GlassMarco AgliettaMarco AgliettaC. Di GiulioC. Di GiulioFernando ContrerasBalázs KéglA. D. SupanitskyA. TamashiroNicolás G. BuscaM. I. MichelettiPetr TravnicekT. BergmannHernán AsoreyA. C. RoveroF. IonitaM. ProuzaP. AbreuD. RavignaniV. De SouzaFred SarazinHermann-josef MathesM. A. Leigui De OliveiraR. TcaciucB. J. WhelanA. ItalianoA. ItalianoC. BleveC. BleveArnulfo ZepedaA. BellétoileH. LyberisLuis A. AnchordoquiI. Lhenry-yvonG. DecerpritR. CesterR. CesterE. MorenoL. NozkaS. RiggiS. RiggiI. Rodriguez-caboF. SchroederF. MontanetJ. C. Dos AnjosMichael DuvernoisD. MaurizioD. MaurizioG. MatthiaeG. MatthiaeA. KriegerC. AramoC. AramoJ. AbrahamS. ParlatiL. Del PeralRichard DallierChristopher MorrisM. HussainG. CataldiG. CataldiVincenzo RiziM. PlatinoRúben ConceiçãoPascal LautridouM. MonasorWarner A. MillerEun-joo AhnBeatriz B. SiffertP. SchifferMiguel MostafáL. VoyvodicJuan Carlos D'olivoT. PierogDariusz GoraT. RosslerM. ZiolkowskiO. Martínez BravoW. J. M. De Mello JuniorV. H. PonceS. HarmsmaEsteban RouletV. ScheriniOsvaldo CatalanoF. SalamidaFabian SchmidtA. G. MariazziA. G. MariazziC. RobledoJaime Alvarez-muñizD. SchusterAntonio BuenoSergio PastorD. Kruppke-hansenGualberto AvilaP. BauleoIngomar AllekottePham Ngoc DiepHeino FalckeHeino FalckeHernan WahlbergHernan WahlbergDusan MandatC. E. SantoJ. Rodriguez MartinoJ. Rodriguez MartinoJ. PetrovicL. NellenG. WieczorekMarco IarloriT. SchmidtS. Dagoret-campagneN. ScharfFrancisco J. BlancoMichael UrbanPiera Luisa GhiaPiera Luisa GhiaPiera Luisa GhiaY. GuardincerriN. NierstenhoeferF. Gomez AlbarracinF. Gomez AlbarracinO. TascauA. RedondoD.v. SemikozKai DaumillerM. GrigatAntonio InsoliaAntonio InsoliaB. WilczynskaL. ValoreL. ValoreJ. D. SwainMarcio Aparecido MullerAngela V. OlintoJ. ParrisiusK. LouedecA. SchmidtE. D. FraenkelSerguei VorobiovA. TamburroR. M. De AlmeidaM. G. WinnickC. MorelloC. MorelloK. D. De VriesMatthias BalzerMarkus RothB. KeilhauerS. L. C. BarrosoMaria-teresa DovaMaria-teresa DovaD. Monnier RagaigneA. GorgiA. GorgiMarcos SantanderR. PelayoD. B. TridapalliJ. AllenM. KleifgesD. ZavrtanikD. ZavrtanikW. FulgioneW. FulgioneA. Della SelvaA. Della SelvaErnesto ArgandaP. RistoriV. M. Olmos-gilbajaC. PfendnerI. ZawJ. R. HoerandelV. HalenkaB. TomePeter MazurA. SmialkowskiH. SchielerN. KunkaM. KaducakJ. KnappPeter L. BiermannE. PetermannS. MuellerJ. L. KelleyD. García GámezMiroslav PechM. C. MaccaroneA. CrissMaria GillerKarl-heinz KampertAntonella CastellinaAntonella CastellinaDaniel Omar BadagnaniDaniel Omar BadagnaniGraciela B. GelminiN. PalmieriS. JiraskovaVincent MarinJ. Lozano BahiloSegev BenzviZbigniew SzadkowskiMariangela SettimoMariangela SettimoPaolo PriviteraAlexey YushkovAlexey YushkovA. DorofeevTonia M. VentersValerio PirronelloValerio PirronelloK. ArisakaM. S. SutherlandU. GiaccariU. GiaccariS. MićanovićB. M. BaughmanT. SuomijärviN. PachecoJ. PallottaC. MeurerA. MenshikovE. J. QuelE. TrovatoE. TrovatoR. PesceJ. A.j. MatthewsXavier BertouA. FilipcicA. FilipcicC. J. Todero PeixotoCorbin CovaultDiego HarariF. SuarezThomas HebbekerY. PetrovPiotr HomolaS. R. GozziniR. KnapikA. ChouA. ChouP. Facal San LuisP. Facal San LuisG. TristramB. L. LagoSofia AndringaM. PalatkaPetr SchovanekGeraldina GolupAlexander GrilloS. FliescherR. MussaR. MussaS. WesterhoffJan PękalaA. ChiavassaA. ChiavassaK. B. BarberL. VillaseñorPedro AssisP. W. YounkM. BlancoJ. J. BeattyD. NitzLino MiramontiLino MiramontiSilvia MollerachAlain HervéJ. CoppensE. M. SantosL. R. WienckeC. L. WilliamsA. EtchegoyenH. BluemerH. M. SpinkaH. M. SpinkaP. T. NhungJavier TiffenbergD. NosekN. FazziniA. C. FauthCarla BonifaziCarla BonifaziCarla BonifaziJose A. BellidoBruce R. DawsonTim HuegeE. ColomboL. CarameteA. ParraM. D. Rodríguez-fríasJeffrey BrackOlaf ScholtenA. HaungsH. WilczyńskiJaime RosadoJulien AublinJulien AublinS. GrebeHumberto Ibarguen SalazarF. A. S. RezendeIvor FleckR. SquartiniJohn L. HartonB. MoralesB. GarcíaMario ScuderiMario ScuderiT. PaulC. De DonatoC. De DonatoC. De DonatoS. NavasTobias WinchenM. MelissasP. LebrunG. YuanG. MarsellaG. MarsellaMatias TuerosMatias TuerosOlivier RavelC. E. FracchiollaE. GrashornR. LópezKaren S. Caballero-moraG. NavarraG. NavarraE. MenichettiE. MenichettiT. AntičićD. D'ursoD. D'ursoCorinne BeratKreso KadijaT. YamamotoR. A. VázquezG. ParenteJohn G. LeeE. ParizotErnesto KempJ. StasielakS. CoutuV. VerziV. VerziBrian FickJ. OehlschlaegerG. Medina-tancoW. TkaczykM. NyklicekM. LudwigD. MartelloD. MartelloH. R. Marquez FalconM. L. Díaz CastroG. FarrarM. PontzMartin ErdmannF. SchuesslerS. PetreraSubir SarkarCarola DobrigkeitR. F. GamarraI. ValiñoP. WahrlichRoger W ClayAlexander KusenkoMaurice StephanDenise BoncioliDenise BoncioliGerman RosD. AllardK.-h. BeckerM. PimentaAlan WatsonM. McewenB. RevenuA. TonachiniA. TonachiniT. BaeckerJ. R. VázquezDomenico TegoloDomenico TegoloDomenico TegoloJ. KleinfellerAlessandro PetroliniJ. SchovancovaDaniel KuempelCarlos EscobarA. CreusotC. LachaudD. Garcia-pintoA. CordierS. MalderaS. MalderaP. BrogueiraM. S. A. B. LeãoJiri ChudobaN. T. ThaoD. WarnerS. SchulteVasiliki PavlidouLisa M. GogginJohn N. MatthewsR. BruijnR. M. KieckhaferJuan MorenoJuan MorenoJ. RautenbergM. AmbrosioM. AmbrosioC. MacolinoC. MacolinoC. HojvatJan EbrO. WainbergW. C. BrownD. TcherniakhovskiH. SchoorlemmerR. D. ParsonsGuenter SiglUmberto CottiH.o. KlagesB. WundheilerGregory R SnowP. H. KasperGaetano SalinaGaetano SalinaPaul SommersA.m. Van Den BergK. PayetDarko VeberičDarko VeberičP. GouffonP. N. DongM. J. CooperR. BoninoR. BoninoJ. D. HagueM. De DomenicoM. De DomenicoF. ArquerosP. NecesalMaria Rita ColucciaMaria Rita ColucciaMartina BohacovaA. TapiaH. GemmekeMiroslav HrabovskyJ. SorokinM. UngerRossella CarusoRossella CarusoPietro OlivaA. LuceroA. LuceroG. La RosaM. VidelaGermano GuedesOlivier DelignyV. C. HolmesD. LebrunI. DutanIoana Codrina MarisIoana Codrina MarisIoana Codrina MarisA. LemiereB. R. BeckerF. KuehnRalph EngelD. H. KoangJ. RidkyT. SusaA. StutzO. KroemerJose ChinellatoCharles TimmermansC. RiviereA. Letessier-selvonA. Letessier-selvonLorenzo CazonLorenzo CazonK. KulbartzD. MeloD. Melo

subject

Ultra high energy cosmic rays; Auger Observatory; Extensive air showers; Trigger; ExposurePhysics::Instrumentation and DetectorsAstronomyHigh-Energy Cosmi Ray7. Clean energy01 natural sciencesAugerAcceptance and Trigger Efficiency010303 astronomy & astrophysicsInstrumentationComputingMilieux_MISCELLANEOUSPhysicsRange (particle radiation)PhysicsDetectorAstrophysics::Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsPierre Auger ObservatoryHigh energyFísica nuclearAstrophysics - Instrumentation and Methods for AstrophysicsNuclear and High Energy Physics[PHYS.ASTR.IM]Physics [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]AIR SHOWERSApertureInstrumentationAstrophysics::High Energy Astrophysical PhenomenaExtensive air showerFOS: Physical sciencesCosmic rayENERGIACosmic RayUltra high energy cosmic rayExposureOpticsultra high energy cosmic rays Auger Observatory extensive airshowers trigger exposure0103 physical sciencesPARTICLESExtensive air showersSurface DetectorInstrumentation and Methods for Astrophysics (astro-ph.IM)ZenithCiencias ExactasNuclear and High Energy PhysicPierre Auger Observatory010308 nuclear & particles physicsbusiness.industryFísicaUltra high energy cosmic raysUltra-high energy cosmic rays[SDU.ASTR.IM]Sciences of the Universe [physics]/Astrophysics [astro-ph]/Instrumentation and Methods for Astrophysic [astro-ph.IM]TriggerAuger ObservatoryExperimental High Energy PhysicsHigh Energy Physics::Experimentbusiness

description

The surface detector array of the Pierre Auger Observatory consists of 1600 water-Cherenkov detectors, for the study of extensive airshowers (EAS) generated by ultra-high-energy cosmic rays. We describe the trigger hierarchy, from the identification of candidates howers at the level of a single detector, amongst a large background (mainly random single cosmic ray muons), up to the selection of real events and the rejection of random coincidences. Such trigger makes the surface detector array fully efficient for the detection of EAS with energy above 3 x 1018 eV, for all zenith angles between 03 and 603, independently of the position of the impact point and of the mass of the primary particle. In the serange of energies and angles, the exposure of the surface array can be determined purely on the basis of the geometrical acceptance.

yearjournalcountryeditionlanguage
2010-01-21
10.1016/j.nima.2009.11.018https://eprints.ucm.es/39405/